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article

Impaired empathic abilities and reduced white matter integrity in schizophrenia

Junya Fujino, Hidehiko Takahashi, Jun Miyata, Genichi Sugihara, more

Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry > 2014 > 48 > Complete > 117-123

Empathic abilities are impaired in schizophrenia. Although the pathology of schizophrenia is thought to involve disrupted white matter integrity, the relationship between empathic disabilities and altered white matter in the disorder remains unclear. The present study tested associations between empathic disabilities and white matter integrity in order to investigate the neural basis of impaired empathy...

article

How environment and genes shape the adolescent brain

Tomáš Paus, T. Paus

Hormones and Behavior > 2013 > 64 > 2 > 195-202

This article is part of a Special Issue ''Puberty and Adolescence''. This review provides a conceptual framework for the study of factors - in our genes and environment - that shape the adolescent brain. I start by pointing out that brain phenotypes obtained with magnetic resonance imaging are complex traits reflecting the interplay of genes and the environment. In some cases, variations in the structural...

article

White matter microstructure shows sex differences in late childhood: Evidence from 6797 children

Katherine E. Lawrence, Zvart Abaryan, Emily Laltoo, Leanna M. Hernandez, more

Human Brain Mapping > 44 > 2 > 535 - 548

Sex differences in white matter microstructure have been robustly demonstrated in the adult brain using both conventional and advanced diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging approaches. However, sex differences in white matter microstructure prior to adulthood remain poorly understood; previous developmental work focused on conventional microstructure metrics and yielded mixed results. Here,...

article

Association between white matter microstructure and cognitive function in patients with methamphetamine use disorder

Yanan Zhou, Yang Hu, Qianjin Wang, Zhi Yang, more

Human Brain Mapping > 44 > 2 > 304 - 314

Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) has been associated with broad neurocognitive impairments. While the cognitive impairments of MUD have been demonstrated, the neuropathological underpinnings remain inadequately understood. To date, the published human diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies involving the correlation between diffusion parameters and neurocognitive function in MUD are limited. Hence,...

article

In vivo T₁ mapping of neonatal brain tissue at 64 mT

Francesco Padormo, Paul Cawley, Louise Dillon, Emer Hughes, more

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine > 89 > 3 > 1016 - 1025

Purpose Ultralow‐field (ULF) point‐of‐care MRI systems allow image acquisition without interrupting medical provision, with neonatal clinical care being an important potential application. The ability to measure neonatal brain tissue T₁ is a key enabling technology for subsequent structural image contrast optimization, as well as being a potential biomarker for brain development. Here we describe...

article

Parameter estimation for WMTI‐Watson model of white matter using encoder–decoder recurrent neural network

Yujian Diao, Ileana Jelescu

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine > 89 > 3 > 1193 - 1206

Purpose Biophysical modeling of the diffusion MRI (dMRI) signal provides estimates of specific microstructural tissue properties. Although non‐linear least squares (NLLS) is the most widespread fitting method, it suffers from local minima and high computational cost. Deep learning approaches are steadily replacing NLLS, but come with the limitation that the model needs to be retrained for each acquisition...

article

Gray and white matter astrocytes differ in basal metabolism but respond similarly to neuronal activity

Susanne Köhler, Ulrike Winkler, Tabea Junge, Kristina Lippmann, more

Glia > 71 > 2 > 229 - 244

Astrocytes are a heterogeneous population of glial cells in the brain, which adapt their properties to the requirements of the local environment. Two major groups of astrocytes are protoplasmic astrocytes residing in gray matter as well as fibrous astrocytes of white matter. Here, we compared the energy metabolism of astrocytes in the cortex and corpus callosum as representative gray matter and white...

article

Reduction in grey matter atrophy in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis following treatment with cladribine tablets

Rosa Cortese, Marco Battaglini, Maria Pia Sormani, Ludovico Luchetti, more

European Journal of Neurology > 30 > 1 > 179 - 186

Background and purpose Measures of atrophy in the whole brain can be used to reliably assess treatment effect in clinical trials of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Trials assessing the effect of treatment on grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) atrophy are very informative, but hindered by technical limitations. This study aimed to measure GM and WM volume changes, using a robust longitudinal...

article

White matter alterations associated with lifetime and current depression in adolescents: Evidence for cingulum disruptions

Deanna M. Barch, Xiao Hua, Sridhar Kandala, Michael P. Harms, more

Depression and Anxiety > 39 > 12 > 881 - 890

Introduction: Compared to research on adults with depression, relatively little work has examined white matter microstructure differences in depression arising earlier in life. Here we tested hypotheses about disruptions to white matter structure in adolescents with current and past depression, with an a priori focus on the cingulum bundles, uncinate fasciculi, corpus collosum, and superior longitudinal...

article

Association between ambulatory skills and diffusion tensor imaging of corpus callosal white matter in infants with spina bifida

M. Sanz Cortes, R. Corroenne, H. Sangi‐Haghpeykar, G. Orman, more

Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology > 60 > 5 > 657 - 665

Objectives To assess brain white matter using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 1 year of age in infants diagnosed with open neural tube defect (ONTD) and explore the association of DTI parameters with ambulatory skills at 30 months of age. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at an average of 12 months of age and included an echo planar axial DTI sequence with diffusion gradients...

article

Differential perivascular microglial activation in the deep white matter in vascular dementia developed post‐stroke

Yoshiki Hase, Kamar E. Ameen‐Ali, Rachel Waller, Julie E. Simpson, more

Brain Pathology > 32 > 6 > n/a - n/a

With the hypothesis that perivascular microglia are involved as neuroinflammatory components of the gliovascular unit contributing to white matter hyperintensities on MRI and pathophysiology, we assessed their status in stroke survivors who develop dementia. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent methods were used to assess the distribution and quantification of total and perivascular microglial...

article

Sex differences in fronto‐limbic white matter tracts in youth with mood disorders

Daniel F. Hermens, Daniel Jamieson, Lauren Fitzpatrick, Dashiell D. Sacks, more

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences > 76 > 10 > 481 - 489

Aims Patients with depression and bipolar disorder have previously been shown to have impaired white matter (WM) integrity compared with healthy controls. This study aimed to investigate potential sex differences that may provide further insight into the pathophysiology of these highly debilitating mood disorders. Methods Participants aged 17 to 30 years (168 with depression [60% females], 107...

article

Modeling multivariate age‐related imaging variables with dependencies

Hwiyoung Lee, Chixiang Chen, Peter Kochunov, Liyi Elliot Hong, more

Statistics in Medicine > 41 > 22 > 4484 - 4500

Neuroimaging techniques have been increasingly used to understand the neural biology of aging brains. The neuroimaging variables from distinct brain locations and modalities can exhibit age‐related patterns that reflect localized neural decline. However, it is a challenge to identify the impacts of risk factors (eg, mental disorders) on multivariate imaging variables while simultaneously accounting...

article

Effects of 4‐month running exercise on the spatial learning ability and white matter volume and microvessels of middle‐aged female and male rats

Chun‐Xia Huang, Lei Zhang, Qian Xiao, Chen Li, more

Journal of Comparative Neurology > 530 > 15 > 2749 - 2761

Age‐related degeneration of microvessels is known to occur in white matter, and exercise training can enhance brain function and promote cerebral blood flow. However, the effects of exercise training on microvessels in aged white matter are unknown. Forty‐one middle‐aged male and female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sedentary group and an exercised group. The rats in the exercised...

article

Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure

Preeti Kar, Jess E. Reynolds, William Ben Gibbard, Carly McMorris, more

Human Brain Mapping > 43 > 13 > 4145 - 4157

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations to brain white matter microstructure. Previous studies of PAE have demonstrated different findings in young children compared to older children and adolescents, suggesting altered developmental trajectories and highlighting the need for longitudinal research. 122 datasets in 54 children with PAE (27 males) and 196 datasets in 89 children...

article

Using tissue microstructure and multimodal MRI to parse the phenotypic heterogeneity and cellular basis of autism spectrum disorder

Bradley S. Peterson, Jiaqi Liu, Louis Dantec, Courtney Newman, more

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63 > 8 > 855 - 870

Background Identifying the brain bases for phenotypic heterogeneity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will advance understanding of its pathogenesis and improve its clinical management. Methods We compared Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) indices and connectome measures between 77 ASD and 88 Typically Developing (TD) control participants. We also assessed voxel‐wise associations of DTI indices with...

article

Methodological evaluation of individual cognitive prediction based on the brain white matter structural connectome

Guozheng Feng, Yiwen Wang, Weijie Huang, Haojie Chen, more

Human Brain Mapping > 43 > 12 > 3775 - 3791

An emerging trend is to use regression‐based machine learning approaches to predict cognitive functions at the individual level from neuroimaging data. However, individual prediction models are inherently influenced by the vast options for network construction and model selection in machine learning pipelines. In particular, the brain white matter (WM) structural connectome lacks a systematic evaluation...

article

Impact of intra‐axonal kurtosis on fiber orientation density functions estimated with fiber ball imaging

Jens H. Jensen

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine > 88 > 3 > 1347 - 1354

Purpose To determine the impact of an intra‐axonal kurtosis on estimates of the fiber orientation density function (fODF) obtained with fiber ball imaging (FBI). Theory and Methods Standard FBI assumes Gaussian diffusion within individual axons and estimates the fODF by applying an inverse generalized Funk transform to diffusion MRI data for b‐values of 4000 s/mm² or higher. However, recent work...

article

Principal component analysis denoising improves sensitivity of MR diffusion to detect white matter injury in neuroHIV

Ryan P. Bell, Christina S. Meade, Syam Gadde, Sheri L. Towe, more

Journal of Neuroimaging > 32 > 3 > 544 - 553

Background and Purpose Diffusion‐weighted imaging is able to capture important information about cerebral white matter (WM) structure. However, diffusion data can suffer from MRI and biological noise that degrades the quality of the images and makes finding important features difficult. We investigated how effectively local and nonlocal denoising increased the sensitivity to detect differences in...

article

White matter alterations in familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1

Bo Wang, Haotian Wang, Zhidong Cen, Jiachen Yuan, more

Epilepsia > 63 > 5 > 1093 - 1103

Objective Although previous imaging studies have reported cerebellar gray matter loss in patients with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE), the corresponding white matter alterations remain unknown. We investigated white matter structural changes in FCMTE1 and compared them with clinical and electrophysiological features. Methods We enrolled 36 patients carrying heterozygous...

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Search results

Impaired empathic abilities and reduced white matter integrity in schizophrenia

How environment and genes shape the adolescent brain

White matter microstructure shows sex differences in late childhood: Evidence from 6797 children

Association between white matter microstructure and cognitive function in patients with methamphetamine use disorder

In vivo T₁ mapping of neonatal brain tissue at 64 mT

Parameter estimation for WMTI‐Watson model of white matter using encoder–decoder recurrent neural network

Gray and white matter astrocytes differ in basal metabolism but respond similarly to neuronal activity

Reduction in grey matter atrophy in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis following treatment with cladribine tablets

White matter alterations associated with lifetime and current depression in adolescents: Evidence for cingulum disruptions

Association between ambulatory skills and diffusion tensor imaging of corpus callosal white matter in infants with spina bifida

Differential perivascular microglial activation in the deep white matter in vascular dementia developed post‐stroke

Sex differences in fronto‐limbic white matter tracts in youth with mood disorders

Modeling multivariate age‐related imaging variables with dependencies

Effects of 4‐month running exercise on the spatial learning ability and white matter volume and microvessels of middle‐aged female and male rats

Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure

Using tissue microstructure and multimodal MRI to parse the phenotypic heterogeneity and cellular basis of autism spectrum disorder

Methodological evaluation of individual cognitive prediction based on the brain white matter structural connectome

Impact of intra‐axonal kurtosis on fiber orientation density functions estimated with fiber ball imaging

Principal component analysis denoising improves sensitivity of MR diffusion to detect white matter injury in neuroHIV

White matter alterations in familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1

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