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article

O efektywności prawa karnego, ciemnej liczbie, wiktymizacji i rozmiarach narkomanii

Leon Tyszkiewicz, Sebastian Kosmowski

Archiwum Kryminologii > 2002 > XXVI > 101-131

The article presents the results of survey research carried out in the Katowice and Chorzów regions (SE Poland). In early 2000 we obtained 414 questionnaires completed by under- and post-graduate students at the University of Silesia’s Law and Administration Department and students of local high schools. The investigation was victimology-oriented, the respondents being asked not only whether they...

article

Alcohol and substance use in multiple sclerosis

Meghan Beier, Vanessa D'Orio, Jessica Spat, Melissa Shuman, more

Journal of the Neurological Sciences > 2014 > 338 > 1-2 > 122-127

Background: Few studies have examined the prevalence of alcohol and drug use in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). The current study sought to examine the prevalence and associated demographic, disease-related, and psychological correlates of substance use in an East Coast United States outpatient MS sample. Methods: 157 individuals with MS completed questionnaires prior to, during or after...

article

Phenibut: Review and Pharmacologic Approaches to Treating Withdrawal

Scott R. Penzak, Marilyn Bulloch

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 64 > 6 > 652 - 671

β‐Phenyl‐γ‐aminobutyric acid (phenibut) is an analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) that was first synthesized in Russia in the early 1960s. It is marketed as a nootropic (smart drug) to improve cognitive performance, and to treat generalized and social anxiety, insomnia, and alcohol withdrawal. The use of phenibut is legal in the USA and it is widely available online...

article

Modelling the progression of illicit substance use patterns from real‐world evidence

Hari Prabhath Tummala, Robert R. Bies, Murali Ramanathan

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 90 > 3 > 700 - 712

Aims To investigate an innovative pharmacometrics approach that addresses the challenges of using real‐world evidence to model the progression of illicit substance use. Methods The modelling strategy analysed real‐world data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (AddHealth) survey using survival analyses and differential equations. Respondents were categorized into...

article

The experiences of people who use injection drugs with accessing hepatitis c testing and diagnosis in western countries: A scoping review

Nikki Ho, Amanda Vandyk, Cynthia Horvath, Taliesin Magboo Cahill, more

Public Health Nursing > 41 > 1 > 37 - 56

Background The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the literature that reported on the experiences of people who use injection drugs’ access to hepatitis C testing and diagnosis in Western countries. Methods The initial search was conducted in 2020 and an updated review was completed in 2022. Seven electronic databases were searched using a peer‐reviewed search strategy and included:...

article

Survival, ventricular arrhythmia, and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator usefulness in toxic cardiomyopathy due to substance abuse

Nicolas Dognin, Goran Rimac, Guillaume Domain, Alexandre Cinq‐Mars, more

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology > 46 > 7 > 645 - 656

Background Toxic dilated cardiomyopathy (T‐DCM) due to substance abuse is now recognized as a potential cause of severe left ventricular dysfunction. The burden of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and the role of a prophylactic implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) are not well documented in this population. We aim to assess the usefulness of ICD implantation in a T‐DCM cohort. Methods Patients...

article

Affected family members social support experiences when assisting an individual with substance use disorder

Eileen Marie Kane, Julia A. Snethen, Seok Hyun Gwon, Hyun‐Kyoung Oh

Journal of Nursing Scholarship > 55 > 3 > 590 - 598

Introduction Social support is a factor in the health and well‐being of all populations (WHO, 2018). Having a loved one with substance use disorder (SUD) negatively affects family members. Affected Family Members (AFM) providing support for individual with substance use disorder (ISUD) are at risk of losing their social support network. Losing social support negatively influences AFMs health and...

article

Impact of mandatory COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place order on controlled substance use among rural versus urban communities in the United States

Daniel Maeng, Yue Li, Michele Lawrence, Sinead Keane, more

The Journal of Rural Health > 39 > 1 > 21 - 29

Purpose Mandatory COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place (SIP) orders have been imposed to fight the pandemic. They may also have led to unintended consequences of increased use of controlled substances especially among rural communities due to increased social isolation. Using the data from the American Association of Poison Control Centers, this study tests the hypothesis that the poison control centers received...

article

Education plays a crucial role in the pathway from poverty to smoking: a Mendelian randomization study

Xiaoqiang Shi, Wenji Yuan, Qingyi Cao, Wenyan Cui

Addiction > 118 > 1 > 128 - 139

Background and Aims Disproportionately high rates of smoking have been found in low‐income communities, but the causal direction and role of education in this relationship remains less well understood. Here, we used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to measure the causal relationships between smoking, income and education. Design Two‐sample univariable and multivariable MR analyses were...

article

Association between NMDAR antagonists, drug abuse and dependence: A disproportionality analysis from the WHO pharmacovigilance database

Bruno Revol, Maryse Lapeyre‐Mestre, Nathalie Fouilhé Sam‐Laï, Emilie Jouanjus

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 88 > 11 > 4937 - 4940

Ketamine and dextromethorphan are widely abused psychoactive substances. Inhibition of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) results in neurobehavioural effects including hallucinations, “out of body” sensations and dissociative effects. However, little is known about a possible extended addictive class effect linked to pharmacologically‐related amino‐adamantane derivatives (e.g., amantadine and...

article

The intergenerational persistence of opioid dependence: Evidence from administrative data

Alexander Ahammer, Martin Halla

Health Economics > 31 > 11 > 2425 - 2444

To address the opioid crisis, it is crucial to understand its origins. We provide descriptive evidence for the intergenerational persistence of opioid dependence. Our analysis is based on administrative data covering the universe of Austrian births from 1984 to 1990. We consider prescription opioids and a new proxy for addiction to illicit opioids. We find that, if at least one parent is using illicit...

article

Safety concerns on the abuse potential of esketamine: Multidimensional analysis of a new anti‐depressive drug on the market

Jules Baudot, Thomas Soeiro, Marine Tambon, Nicolas Navarro, more

Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology > 36 > 3 > 572 - 581

Prominent features of esketamine (e.g., similar mechanism of action as ketamine and target population) require to be vigilant regarding its benefits/risks balance and its risks of abuse in real‐life settings. The aim of this study was to review all available pharmacological and clinical data to assess the abuse potential of esketamine shortly after its marketing. This multidimensional study is a quantitative...

article

ZORRO: When the mask falls off—Comment

Marion Istvan, Edouard‐Jules Laforgue, Marylène Guerlais, Pascale Jolliet, more

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 88 > 5 > 2450 - 2451

article

Clinical Pharmacology of the Dietary Supplement Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa)

Chad Hartley, Marilyn Bulloch, Scott R. Penzak

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 62 > 5 > 577 - 593

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) consists of over 40 alkaloids, with 2 of them, mitragynine and 7‐OH‐mitragynine (7‐OH‐MG) being the main psychoactive compounds. Mitragynine and 7‐OH‐mitragynine each target opioid receptors and have been referred to as atypical opioids. They exert their pharmacologic effects on the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. In addition, they affect adrenergic, serotonergic,...

article

MDMA‐Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis

Kimberly W. Smith, Dakota J. Sicignano, Adrian V. Hernandez, C. Michael White

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 62 > 4 > 463 - 471

This article discusses current literature on the use of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MDMA, the intended active ingredient in illicit Ecstasy or Molly products, is a psychedelic that causes an elevated mood, feeling of bonding, and increased energy. In MDMA‐assisted psychotherapy, patients are subjected to...

article

Pattern and burden of opioid‐related hospitalizations in the USA from 2016 to 2018

Prabhjot Bedi, Manoj P. Rai, Karandeep Bumrah, Vikas K. Singh, more

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 87 > 11 > 4366 - 4374

Aims The current opioid crisis in the USA is a formidable challenge for the healthcare system, and the general population. Our objective is to characterize the burden of opioid‐related disorders in an inpatient setting in the USA for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Methods A cross‐sectional analysis of the NIS was performed to identify and analyse hospitalizations...

article

Maternal Exposure and Neonatal Effects of Drugs of Abuse

Jessica M. Barry, Angela K. Birnbaum, Lisa R. Jasin, Catherine M. Sherwin

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 61 > S2 > S142 - S155

The public health crisis of pregnant women being exposed to drugs of abuse and of its impact on their unborn children continues to grow at an alarming rate globally. The state of pregnancy is unique, with physiological changes that can lead to changes in the way drugs are handled by the body in both pharmacokinetics and response. These changes place the pregnant woman, fetus, and newborn infant at...

article

The Epidemiology of Drug Abuse

Martha J. Ignaszewski

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 61 > S2 > S10 - S17

Many Americans use alcohol and recreational drugs. Some will develop substance use disorders that affect a person's brain and behavior, leading to continued use despite problems caused. We review the epidemiology of addiction in the United States, including changes in use patterns over time, highlighting rates in adolescents and young adults, as well as adults. An overview of the health and societal...

article

Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Abuse Potential of Opioids

David Vearrier, Oliver Grundmann

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 61 > S2 > S70 - S88

Opioids were the most common drug class resulting in overdose deaths in the United States in 2019. Widespread clinical use of prescription opioids for moderate to severe pain contributed to the ongoing opioid epidemic with the subsequent emergence of fentanyl‐laced heroin. More potent analogues of fentanyl and structurally diverse opioid receptor agonists such as AH‐7921 and MT‐45 are fueling an increasingly...

article

Drugs of Abuse: How Clinical Pharmacology Brings Clarity to the Shadows

Anne N. Nafziger, C. Michael White

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology > 61 > S2 > S6 - S9

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O efektywności prawa karnego, ciemnej liczbie, wiktymizacji i rozmiarach narkomanii

Alcohol and substance use in multiple sclerosis

Phenibut: Review and Pharmacologic Approaches to Treating Withdrawal

Modelling the progression of illicit substance use patterns from real‐world evidence

The experiences of people who use injection drugs with accessing hepatitis c testing and diagnosis in western countries: A scoping review

Survival, ventricular arrhythmia, and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator usefulness in toxic cardiomyopathy due to substance abuse

Affected family members social support experiences when assisting an individual with substance use disorder

Impact of mandatory COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place order on controlled substance use among rural versus urban communities in the United States

Education plays a crucial role in the pathway from poverty to smoking: a Mendelian randomization study

Association between NMDAR antagonists, drug abuse and dependence: A disproportionality analysis from the WHO pharmacovigilance database

The intergenerational persistence of opioid dependence: Evidence from administrative data

Safety concerns on the abuse potential of esketamine: Multidimensional analysis of a new anti‐depressive drug on the market

ZORRO: When the mask falls off—Comment

Clinical Pharmacology of the Dietary Supplement Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa)

MDMA‐Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis

Pattern and burden of opioid‐related hospitalizations in the USA from 2016 to 2018

Maternal Exposure and Neonatal Effects of Drugs of Abuse

The Epidemiology of Drug Abuse

Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Abuse Potential of Opioids

Drugs of Abuse: How Clinical Pharmacology Brings Clarity to the Shadows

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