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article

How to define chronic pruritus: Symptom or disease?

Sonja Ständer

Experimental Dermatology > 28 > 12 > 1461 - 1465

Chronic pruritus (CP) is defined by itching lasting 6 weeks or more and is known to be both a highly prevalent and burdensome symptom of many pruritogenic diseases. Its status as a symptom has many implications mainly that the symptom should evolve and subside with the disease. However, according to the clinical experience, CP often does not parallel the disease course and requires an own management...

article

Evaluation of Kampo disease states using facial images

Futa Matsushita, Kaoru Kiyomitsu, Keiko Ogawa, Norimichi Tsumura

Artificial Life and Robotics > 2019 > 24 > 1 > 44-51

In the traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine, diagnosis is based on the observation of facial color and expression. Disease states that are diagnosable from facial characteristics include blood stagnation, blood deficiency, and yin deficiency. However, these diagnoses are subjective and require lots of experience. In this paper, we aimed to quantify facial diagnosis by creating a system to evaluate...

article

Measurement of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers of consequences or cause complications of pathological states, and prognosis of both evolution and therapeutic safety/efficacy

Jean Amiral, Jerard Seghatchian

Transfusion and Apheresis Science > 2016 > 55 > 1 > 23-34

Utility of EVs, as biomarkers of cause or consequence of various pathological complications, and prognosis of blood components' therapy in terms of safety/efficacy and their potential associated hazards, primed by EVs involvements in pro-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and activations of both pro/anti-coagulatory and others associated pathways, as well as various cellular cross talks, are highlighted...

article

Unresolved clinical aspects and safety hazards of blood derived- EV/MV in stored blood components: From personal memory lanes to newer perspectives on the roles of EV/MV in various biological phenomena

Jerard Seghatchian, Jean Amiral

Transfusion and Apheresis Science > 2016 > 55 > 1 > 10-22

Blood cells generate heterogeneous populations of vesicles that are delivered, as small-specialized packages of highly active cell fragments in blood circulation, having almost similar functional activities, as the mother cells. These so called extracellular vesicles are the essential part of an energy-dependent natural apoptotic process; hence their beneficial and harmful biological functions cannot...

article

Virtual pathway explorer (viPEr) and pathway enrichment analysis tool (PEANuT): creating and analyzing focus networks to identify cross-talk between molecules and pathways

Marius Garmhausen, Falko Hofmann, Viktor Senderov, Maria Thomas, more

BMC Genomics > 2015 > 16 > 1 > 1-13

Background Interpreting large-scale studies from microarrays or next-generation sequencing for further experimental testing remains one of the major challenges in quantitative biology. Combining expression with physical or genetic interaction data has already been successfully applied to enhance knowledge from all types of high-throughput studies. Yet, toolboxes for navigating and understanding even...

article

Joint Feedback Analysis Modeling of Nonesterified Fatty Acids in Obese Zucker Rats and Normal Sprague–Dawley Rats after Different Routes of Administration of Nicotinic Acid

Sofia Tapani, Joachim Almquist, Jacob Leander, Christine Ahlström, more

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences > 103 > 8 > 2571 - 2584

Data were pooled from several studies on nicotinic acid (NiAc) intervention of fatty acid turnover in normal Sprague–Dawley and obese Zucker rats in order to perform a joint PKPD of data from more than 100 normal Sprague–Dawley and obese Zucker rats, exposed to several administration routes and rates. To describe the difference in pharmacodynamic parameters between obese and normal rats, we modified...

article

Distinct Alterations in ATP‐Binding Cassette Transporter Expression in Liver, Kidney, Small Intestine, and Brain in Adjuvant‐Induced Arthritic Rats

Atsushi Kawase, Sari Norikane, Ayaka Okada, Mamiko Adachi, more

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences > 103 > 8 > 2556 - 2564

Pathophysiological changes of infection or inflammation are associated with alterations in the production of numerous absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion‐related proteins. However, little information is available on the effects of inflammation on the expression levels and activities of ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters. We examined the effect of acute (on day 7) and chronic (on...

article

Elevated brain iron is independent from atrophy in Huntington's Disease

Eve M. Dumas, Maarten J. Versluis, Simon J.A. van den Bogaard, Matthias J.P. van Osch, more

NeuroImage > 2012 > 61 > 3 > 558-564

Increased iron in subcortical structures in patients with Huntington's Disease (HD) has been suggested as a causal factor of neuronal degeneration. The present study examines iron accumulation, measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in premanifest gene carriers and in early HD patients as compared to healthy controls. In total 27 early HD patients, 22 premanifest gene carriers and 25 healthy...

article

Bayesian estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin in patients with decreasing renal function

Takehito Yamamoto, Hirokazu Terakawa, Akihiro Hisaka, Hiroshi Suzuki

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences > 101 > 8 > 2968 - 2975

In clinical settings, decrease of renal function is frequently observed in patients treated with vancomycin (VCM). In this study, mutable covariates models (MCMs) were constructed to analyze the pharmacokinetics (PK) of VCM with Bayesian estimation, considering time‐dependent decreases in creatinine clearance in 23 patients with decreasing renal function. The predicted mean percentage error (MPE)...

chapter

A system for x-ray diffraction and fluorescence imaging of nanoparticle biomarkers

K Pepper, C Christodoulou, C Guazzoni, A Castoldi, more

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposuim & Medical Imaging Conference > 2718 - 2721

2010 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2010 NSS/MIC)

Both x-ray diffraction and x-ray fluorescence techniques have proven beneficial for identifying and characterizing biological tissues. X-ray diffraction analysis uses the elemental composition of the sample to discriminate between tissue types, and can provide a considerable enhancement in contrast over conventional x-ray imaging. X-ray fluorescence, in this case, is being used to locate the presence...

chapter

Experimental characterization of nanoscale optofluidic sensor arrays

S. Mandaf, J. Goddard, D. Erickson

2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems > 212 - 215

2008 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS 2008)

The potential for associating panels of biomarkers with disease states and the need to rapidly diagnose pathogenic threats requires the development of new biosensor technologies which can combine the multiplexing capabilities of traditional microarrays with the sensitivity of emerging nanosensors. In this paper we introduce our Nanoscale Optofluidic Sensors Arrays which combine the advantages of both...

chapter

Mechanotransduction in Endothelial Cells: Role of Laser and Electro-Optics in Mechanobiology

Shu Chien

2007 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meetings > 65

2007 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meetings

Summary form only given. Mechanotransduction in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) varies with the directions of the shear stress or mechanical strain and plays a significant role in the modulation of cellular functions in health and disease. Most studies on these signaling processes have been conducted by using biochemical or molecular procedures to examine a large number of cells subjected to controlled...

article

Ultrastructural features of the neurovascular unit in Alzheimer's neurodegeneration

Frontczak-Baniewicz M., Walski M.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement > 2006 > 57 > 4 > 91-96

Recent studies suggest that capillaries, neurons, and astrocytes form a functional unit that serves to maintain cerebral homeostasis. Physiological interactions between all these components of the neurovascular unit control cerebral microcirculation, while abnormal regulatory mechanisms lead to cerebral dysfunction and disease states, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using electron microscopy, we...

chapter

Automatic Alignment of High-Resolution NMR Spectra Using a Bayesian Estimation Approach

Zhou Wang, Seoung Bum Kim

18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'6) > 4 > 667 - 670

2006 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analysis has recently become one of the major means for the detection and recognition of metabolic changes of disease state, physiological alteration, and natural biological variation. For the pattern recognition tasks in which two or more NMR spectra need to be compared, it is critical to properly align the spectra for the subsequent pattern recognition analysis...

article

Environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace: markers of exposure, polymorphic enzymes and implications for disease state

Abby C. Collier, Chris A. Pritsos

Chemico-Biological Interactions > 2003 > 146 > 3 > 211-224

Studies focusing directly on tobacco smoke have tended to center on the differences in effect between smokers and non-smokers and many hundreds of such studies have been performed. In this review, we examine the current literature specifically concerning workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and its impact on individuals, particularly non-smokers and never smokers. The paper deals...

article

Inter-strain variability in aldehyde oxidase activity in the mouse

H.S. Al-Salmy

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C > 2002 > 132 > 3 > 341-347

Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a cytosolic enzyme expressed predominantly in the liver. AO is involved in the metabolism of many xenobiotics of pharmacological and toxicological importance including antivirals (famciclovir), antimalarials (quinine) and anticancer drugs (5-fluoro-2-pyrimidine and methotrexate). The aim of this study was to characterize AO activity in different strains of mice using two different...

article

A paradigm for quantifying ventricular contraction

J L Palladino, Noordergraaf A.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters > 2002 > 7 > 2

The left ventricle may be described as a time, volume and flow dependent pressure generator. First, isovolumic pressure is measured at various end-diastolic volumes. Next, pressure is adjusted to account for small changes accompanying ejection, denoted the ejection effect. The resulting analytical function can describe pressure generation and ventricular outflow of the ventricle under a wide range...

article

Patient attitude as a function of disease state in multiple sclerosis

Kaylene J. Evers, Wally Karnilowicz

Social Science & Medicine > 1996 > 43 > 8 > 1245-1251

The present study investigated the attitude of 243 patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) as a function of their perceived disease state. Data was collected via a closed-format questionnaire developed through the Fishbein and Ajzen [1--3] Theory of Reasoned Action. Results indicated clearly that patients with MS are not an homogenous group and vary in characteristics across disease states and that...

article

Reactivity of isolated human right atria to norepinephrine in various disease states

K S Golba, Deja M., Wos S., Bachowski R., more

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology > 1995 > 46 > 3

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