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Items from 1 to 20 out of 1,192 results

article

Introduction to Special Issue: Disruption of thyroid, sex steroid, and adrenal hormone systems and their crosstalk in aquatic wildlife

Reynaldo Patiño, James A. Carr, R. Patino, J.A. Carr

General and Comparative Endocrinology > 2015 > 219 > Complete > 1-5

•The field of endocrine disruption began formally in 1991.•Endocrine disruption is a growing research field.•Sixteen research and review papers in this special volume.

article

Using an Ecosystem Approach to complement protection schemes based on organism-level endpoints

Clare Bradshaw, Lawrence Kapustka, Lawrence Barnthouse, Justin Brown, more

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity > 2014 > 136 > Complete > 98-104

Radiation protection goals for ecological resources are focussed on ecological structures and functions at population-, community-, and ecosystem-levels. The current approach to radiation safety for non-human biota relies on organism-level endpoints, and as such is not aligned with the stated overarching protection goals of international agencies. Exposure to stressors can trigger non-linear changes...

article

First detection of antibodies against Leptospira among free‐ranging neotropical non‐human primates in the Peruvian Amazon lowland rainforest

Gabriela Guadalupe Aliaga‐Samanez, Jesús Lescano, Miryam Jeanette Quevedo Urday, Guillermo Santos Salvatierra Rodríguez, more

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases > 69 > 3 > 1458 - 1465

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease with multiple serogroups that infects wildlife and humans alike. Several studies have detected the presence of leptospiral antibodies in captive Neotropical primates, suggesting that they are asymptomatic carriers. However, the presence of antibodies in free‐ranging primates and their potential role as reservoirs for this pathogen is not known. In this...

article

Assessing the Portion of Diet Taken by Birds and Mammals from a Pesticide‐Treated Area—Proposal for a Joint Way Forward

Jan‐Dieter Ludwigs, Markus Ebeling, Sonja Haaf, Steven Kragten

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry > 41 > 5 > 1344 - 1354

An environmental risk assessment for birds and mammals is an important part of any application package for potential registration of pesticides in Europe. A realistic estimation of the exposure of a certain species to the pesticide under field conditions is a refinement factor in long‐term higher‐tier risk assessments. Although guidance on how to collect specific exposure data is provided, there is...

article

Prevalence of sustainable and unsustainable use of wild species inferred from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

Sophie M. E. Marsh, Michael Hoffmann, Neil D. Burgess, Thomas M. Brooks, more

Conservation Biology > 36 > 2 > n/a - n/a

Unsustainable exploitation of wild species represents a serious threat to biodiversity and to the livelihoods of local communities and Indigenous peoples. However, managed, sustainable use has the potential to forestall extinctions, aid recovery, and meet human needs. We analyzed species‐level data for 30,923 species from 13 taxonomic groups on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red...

article

Common palm civets Paradoxurus hermaphroditus are positively associated with humans and forest degradation with implications for seed dispersal and zoonotic diseases

Bastien Dehaudt, Zachary Amir, Henri Decoeur, Luke Gibson, more

Journal of Animal Ecology > 91 > 4 > 794 - 804

Habitat loss and degradation can undermine wildlife communities and ecosystem functioning. However, certain generalist wildlife species like mesopredators and omnivores can exploit these disturbed habitats, sometimes leading to population increases (e.g. ‘mesopredator release’ in degraded areas). Although mesopredator release may cause negative effects on food webs and zoonotic disease management,...

article

Patterns of rabies cases in South Africa between 1993 and 2019, including the role of wildlife

Katja Natalie Koeppel, Ockert Louis Schalkwyk, Peter N. Thompson

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases > 69 > 2 > 836 - 848

Rabies is a global viral zoonosis endemic to South Africa, resulting in fatal encephalitis in warm‐blooded animals, including humans. The loss of human lives and economic losses in rural areas through loss of livestock are substantial. A review was conducted of all confirmed animal rabies cases in South Africa from 1993 to 2019, with a total of 11 701 cases identified to species level to assess the...

article

Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals of brown‐throated sloths (Bradypus variegatus)

Carolina Romeiro Fernandes Chagas, Caio Filipe da Motta Lima, Irys Hany Lima Gonzalez, Paula Andrea Borges Salgado, more

Veterinary Clinical Pathology > 51 > 1 > 126 - 133

The brown‐throated sloth, Bradypus variegatus, is a common species endemic to South and Central America. Nonetheless, maintaining these animals in captivity can be challenging, and very few institutions manage to do so. The São Paulo Zoological Park Foundation is in a remnant of the Atlantic rainforest in the middle of São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil. This forest fragment has a population of...

article

SIA‐BRA: A database of animal stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of Brazil

Thaís Rovere Diniz‐Reis, Fernanda Gaudio Augusto, Adibe Luiz Abdalla Filho, Maria Gabriella da Silva Araújo, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 31 > 4 > 611 - 620

Motivation SIA‐BRA is a data set that compiles stable carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) isotope ratios of terrestrial and aquatic animals sampled in Brazilian biomes and coastal marine areas. Stable isotope ratios are helpful in animal ecology for several reasons; for instance, they can be used to investigate trophic niches, energy sources (diet tracing) and to track migration patterns. The Neotropics...

article

The relative importance of COVID‐19 pandemic impacts on biodiversity conservation globally

David W. Gibbons, Chris Sandbrook, William J. Sutherland, Rezvin Akter, more

Conservation Biology > 36 > 1 > n/a - n/a

The COVID‐19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on almost all aspects of human society and endeavor; the natural world and its conservation have not been spared. Through a process of expert consultation, we identified and categorized, into 19 themes and 70 subthemes, the ways in which biodiversity and its conservation have been or could be affected by the pandemic globally. Nearly 60% of the effects...

article

Design considerations for rapid biodiversity reconnaissance surveys and long‐term monitoring to assess the impact of wildfire

Darren Southwell, Sarah Legge, John Woinarski, David Lindenmayer, more

Diversity and Distributions > 28 > 3 > 559 - 570

Aims Reconnaissance surveys followed by monitoring are needed to assess the impact and response of biodiversity to wildfire. However, post‐wildfire survey and monitoring design are challenging due to the infrequency and unpredictability of wildfire, an urgency to initiate surveys and uncertainty about how species respond. In this article, we discuss key design considerations and quantitative tools...

article

Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America

Andrew M. Ramey, Nichola J. Hill, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Samantha E. J. Gibbs, more

The Journal of Wildlife Management > 86 > 2 > n/a - n/a

Prior to the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus, the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks were restricted to poultry, the result of cross‐species transmission of precursor viruses from wild aquatic birds that subsequently gained pathogenicity in domestic birds. Therefore, management agencies typically...

article

Woody plant encroachment and the ecology of vector‐borne diseases

Scott R. Loss, Bruce H. Noden, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf

Journal of Applied Ecology > 59 > 2 > 420 - 430

Vector‐borne diseases (VBDs) impact human and animal health globally, and their ecology and transmission are affected by human‐caused ecosystem and biome transitions. Woody plant encroachment (WPE), a top driver of biome and land cover transitions in grasslands and savannas of the world, greatly changes abiotic conditions, vegetation and animal populations and communities. Although these effects...

article

Histopathologic and immunophenotypic profile of a spontaneous mammary carcinoma in a male Humboldt's white‐fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons)

Thaynara Parente de Carvalho, Ayisa Rodrigues de Oliveira, Daniel Oliveira dos Santos, Geovanni Dantas Cassali, more

Journal of Medical Primatology > 51 > 1 > 49 - 52

A 20‐year‐old male captive Humboldt's white‐fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons) that died accidentally had a small non‐ulcerative mammary nodule diagnosed as a mammary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that neoplastic cells were positive for pan‐cytokeratin and cytokeratin‐7. Approximately 20% of neoplastic cells were positive for Ki‐67. Neoplastic cells expressed estrogen and progesterone...

article

Cross River State, Nigeria: A Global Visual Cultural and Forest Biodiversity Tourism Destination

Effiom Essien Oku

The Institute of Biopaleogeography named under Charles R. Darwin > 2022 > 13 > 1-101

The evidence of Cross River State in Nigeria as a global visual cultural, biodiversity and wildlife tourism distinction located in West Africa is presented using photo-inventory. A socio-scientific photo-sourcing and explanation was carried out. The ancient city of Calabar that received early Christian missionaries to Nigeria is the capital of Cross River State in Nigeria, West Africa now host the...

article

Global patterns of resilience decline in vertebrate populations

Pol Capdevila, Nicola Noviello, Louise McRae, Robin Freeman, more

Ecology Letters > 25 > 1 > 240 - 251

Maintaining the resilience of natural populations, their ability to resist and recover from disturbance, is crucial to prevent biodiversity loss. However, the lack of appropriate data and quantitative tools has hampered our understanding of the factors determining resilience on a global scale. Here, we quantified the temporal trends of two key components of resilience—resistance and recovery—in >2000...

article

Tick paralysis in Australian birds caused by Ixodes holocyclus

AG Hill, NJ Clark, F Tokonami

Australian Veterinary Journal > 99 > 12 > 522 - 528

Tick paralysis is an uncommon cause of neuromuscular paralysis affecting 0.12% of wild birds presented to Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary, Queensland, with a strong seasonal predilection towards spring and summer. Clinical signs and progression of paralysis showed similarities to companion animals and were consistent across 20 species. Tick location, number of engorged ticks and number of clinical signs...

article

Operationalizing process‐based restoration for terrestrial communities

Adam T. Ford

Restoration Ecology > 29 > 8 > n/a - n/a

Diverse perspectives in the theory and practice of restoration ecology create a productive space to continuously improve outcomes for people and biodiversity. The practical side of restoration ecology often focuses on the recovery of ecosystem structure—the habitat and organisms that create ecological communities. This structural approach has led to many successes, but falls short when it comes to...

article

Colistin‐resistant Enterobacter kobei carrying mcr‐9.1 and bla_CTX‐M‐15 infecting a critically endangered franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), Brazil

Danny Fuentes‐Castillo, Fábio P. Sellera, Daphne W. Goldberg, Herrison Fontana, more

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases > 68 > 6 > 3048 - 3054

The emergence of mobile mcr genes mediating resistance to colistin is a critical public health issue that has hindered the treatment of serious infections caused by multidrug‐resistant pathogens in humans and other animals. We report the emergence of the mcr‐9.1 gene in a polymyxin‐resistant extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Enterobacter kobei infecting a free‐living franciscana dolphin...

article

The hard numbers of tuberculosis epidemiology in wildlife: A meta‐regression and systematic review

Ana C. Reis, Beatriz Ramos, André C. Pereira, Mónica V. Cunha

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases > 68 > 6 > 3257 - 3276

Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread disease that crosses the human and animal health boundaries, with infection being reported in wildlife, from temperate and subtropical to arctic regions. Often, TB in wild species is closely associated with disease occurrence in livestock but the TB burden in wildlife remains poorly quantified on a global level. Through meta‐regression and systematic review, this...

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Introduction to Special Issue: Disruption of thyroid, sex steroid, and adrenal hormone systems and their crosstalk in aquatic wildlife

Using an Ecosystem Approach to complement protection schemes based on organism-level endpoints

First detection of antibodies against Leptospira among free‐ranging neotropical non‐human primates in the Peruvian Amazon lowland rainforest

Assessing the Portion of Diet Taken by Birds and Mammals from a Pesticide‐Treated Area—Proposal for a Joint Way Forward

Prevalence of sustainable and unsustainable use of wild species inferred from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

Common palm civets Paradoxurus hermaphroditus are positively associated with humans and forest degradation with implications for seed dispersal and zoonotic diseases

Patterns of rabies cases in South Africa between 1993 and 2019, including the role of wildlife

Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals of brown‐throated sloths (Bradypus variegatus)

SIA‐BRA: A database of animal stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of Brazil

The relative importance of COVID‐19 pandemic impacts on biodiversity conservation globally

Design considerations for rapid biodiversity reconnaissance surveys and long‐term monitoring to assess the impact of wildfire

Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America

Woody plant encroachment and the ecology of vector‐borne diseases

Histopathologic and immunophenotypic profile of a spontaneous mammary carcinoma in a male Humboldt's white‐fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons)

Cross River State, Nigeria: A Global Visual Cultural and Forest Biodiversity Tourism Destination

Global patterns of resilience decline in vertebrate populations

Tick paralysis in Australian birds caused by Ixodes holocyclus

Operationalizing process‐based restoration for terrestrial communities

Colistin‐resistant Enterobacter kobei carrying mcr‐9.1 and bla_CTX‐M‐15 infecting a critically endangered franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), Brazil

The hard numbers of tuberculosis epidemiology in wildlife: A meta‐regression and systematic review

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