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Items from 1 to 20 out of 4,367 results

article

Tobacco use transitions in the United States: The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

Annette R. Kaufman, Stephanie Land, Mark Parascandola, Erik Augustson, more

Preventive Medicine > 2015 > 81 > C > 251-257

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and describe transitions in cigarette and smokeless tobacco (ST) use, including dual use, prospectively from adolescence into young adulthood.The current study utilizes four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to examine patterns of cigarette and ST use (within 30days of survey) over time among a cohort in the United States...

article

Prevalence and factors associated with smoking tobacco among men recently released from prison in California: A cross-sectional study

Benjamin A. Howell, Joseph Guydish, Alex H. Kral, Megan Comfort, more

Addictive Behaviors > 2015 > 50 > Complete > 157-160

Background: Over 1.5 million people are incarcerated in state and federal correctional facilities in the United States. Formerly incarcerated men have significantly higher rates of mortality and morbidity than the general population, disparities that have been partially attributed to higher rates of tobacco smoking-related illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease and cancer. Methods:...

article

Steady-state measurement of the effective particle density of cigarette smoke

Tyler J. Johnson, Jason S. Olfert, Ross Cabot, Conor Treacy, more

Journal of Aerosol Science > 2014 > 75 > Complete > 9-16

The steady-state effective particle density of mainstream smoke from a University of Kentucky 3R4F reference cigarette was determined using a Differential Mobility Analyser (DMA) and Centrifugal Particle Mass Analyser (CPMA). The cigarette smoke was generated using a smoking machine under ISO puffing parameters (35ml puff of 2s duration, every 60s) and collected in a Tedlar ⁽ R) bag. This...

article

Micro-chemical and radiological characterization using γ-spectrometry and WDXRF spectrometry and annual effective dose of cigarette tobaccos

Ö. Söğüt, A.F. Kocaer, Ö. Selçuk Zorer, Y. Özdemir, more

Microchemical Journal > 2014 > 115 > Complete > 19-26

Several kinds of cigarette tobacco were analyzed to determine contents of essential elements, natural and artificial radioactivity. The contents of essential elements and radionuclides were determined by WDXRF and gamma spectrometry, respectively. Samples were analyzed by WDXRF technique for the following elements: Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Sr and In in cigarette tobaccos...

article

Facebook recruitment of young adult smokers for a cessation trial: Methods, metrics, and lessons learned

Danielle E. Ramo, Theresa M.S. Rodriguez, Kathryn Chavez, Markus J. Sommer, more

Internet Interventions > 2014 > 1 > 2 > 58-64

Further understanding is needed of the functionalities and efficiency of social media for health intervention research recruitment. Facebook was examined as a mechanism to recruit young adults for a smoking cessation intervention. An ad campaign targeting young adult smokers tested specific messaging based on market theory and successful strategies used to recruit smokers in previous clinical trials...

article

Interoceptive conditioning in rats: Effects of using a single training dose or a set of 5 different doses of nicotine

Steven T. Pittenger, Rick A. Bevins, S.T. Pittenger, R.A. Bevins

Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior > 2013 > 114-115 > Complete > 82-89

Interoceptive conditioning contributes to the tenacity of nicotine dependence. Previous research investigating nicotine as an interoceptive stimulus has typically employed administration of a single training dose of nicotine over an extended time. This approach has allowed for careful study of the nicotine stimulus. In humans, the nicotine stimulus is unlikely to be fixed across learning episodes...

article

Socioeconomic, demographic study on substance abuse among students of professional college in a southern town, Berhampur of Odisha state (India)

Sachidananda Mohanty, Radhamadhab Tripathy, Subrat Kumar Palo, Dhaneswari Jena, more

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine > 2013 > 20 > 8 > 1057-1062

Currently there is an increasing trend of substance abuse in developing countries like India. This study attempted to identify the different predisposing factors, associated psycho-social and medical problems, prevalence and types of substance abuse in students. The study covered a cross-section of 720 students with an overall male to female ratio of 4.1:1. The majority of the sufferers were from...

article

In brief

Nigel Chaffey, Trevor Stokes

Trends in Plant Science > 2002 > 7 > 1 > 10-12

article

Healthy, nudged, and wise: Experimental evidence on the role of information salience in reducing tobacco intake

Adnan M. S. Fakir, Tushar Bharati

Health Economics > 31 > 6 > 1129 - 1166

We evaluate the performance of two behavioral interventions aimed at reducing tobacco consumption in an ultra‐poor rural region of Bangladesh, where conventional methods like taxes and warning labels are infeasible. The first intervention asked participants to daily log their tobacco consumption expenditure. The second intervention placed two graphic posters with warnings about the harmful effects...

article

Parental smoking, type 1 diabetes, and islet autoantibody positivity in the offspring: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Jessica Edstorp, Anna‐Maria Lampousi, Sofia Carlsson

Diabetic Medicine > 39 > 6 > n/a - n/a

Aims Our aim was to synthesize current evidence on the association between parental smoking and incidence of type 1 diabetes and islet autoantibody positivity (IA) in the offspring by conducting a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library until January 21, 2021, for human studies with parental tobacco use as exposure, type 1 diabetes or IA as...

article

Smoking trajectories from adolescence to early adulthood as a longitudinal predictor of mental health in adulthood: evidence from 21 years of a nationally representative cohort

Boram Lee, Douglas E. Levy, Jonathan T. Macy, Kit K. Elam, more

Addiction > 117 > 6 > 1727 - 1736

Aims To measure the prospective relationship between smoking trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood and mental health in later adulthood and test whether this relationship was mediated by concurrent co‐use of alcohol and marijuana. Design Longitudinal study using data drawn from rounds 1 to 18 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), a nationally representative cohort...

article

Tobacco use during pregnancy

Alys Havard, Jonathan James Chandran, Ju Lee Oei

Addiction > 117 > 6 > 1801 - 1810

The use of tobacco during pregnancy is the leading preventable cause of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. In high‐income countries, around one in 10 pregnant women smokes tobacco, while smokeless tobacco is the primary form of tobacco used in many low‐ and middle‐income countries. Although the risk of tobacco‐related harms can be reduced substantially if mothers cease smoking in...

article

Effects of interventions to combat tobacco addiction: Cochrane update of 2019 and 2020 reviews

Jonathan Livingstone‐Banks, Nicola Lindson, Jamie Hartmann‐Boyce, Paul Aveyard

Addiction > 117 > 6 > 1573 - 1588

Aims To summarize evidence on tobacco addiction interventions published by the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group (CTAG) from 2019 to 2020. Methods Narrative summary of all new and updated Cochrane Reviews published by CTAG in 2019 and 2020, outlining key results and promising avenues for future research. Results CTAG published six new reviews and updated 15 reviews. There is high‐certainty evidence...

article

Standardised packs and larger health warnings: visual attention and perceptions among Colombian smokers and non‐smokers

Carlos Sillero‐Rejon, Osama Mahmoud, Ricardo M. Tamayo, Alvaro Arturo Clavijo‐Alvarez, more

Addiction > 117 > 6 > 1737 - 1747

Aims To measure how cigarette packaging (standardised packaging and branded packaging) and health warning size affect visual attention and pack preferences among Colombian smokers and non‐smokers. Design To explore visual attention, we used an eye‐tracking experiment where non‐smokers, weekly smokers and daily smokers were shown cigarette packs varying in warning size (30%‐pictorial on top of the...

article

A difference‐in‐difference approach to examining the impact of cannabis legalization on disparities in the use of cigarettes and cannabis in the United States, 2004–17

Andrea H. Weinberger, Katarzyna Wyka, June H. Kim, Rosanna Smart, more

Addiction > 117 > 6 > 1768 - 1777

Aims To estimate the impact of recreational and medical cannabis laws (RCL, MCL) on the use of cannabis and cigarettes in the United States. Design A difference‐in‐difference approach was applied to data from the 2004–17 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Setting United States. Participants Nationally representative cross‐sectional survey of Americans aged 12 years and older (combined...

article

Armet from whitefly saliva acts as an effector to suppress plant defences by targeting tobacco cystatin

Hui Du, Hong‐Xing Xu, Fang Wang, Li‐Xin Qian, more

New Phytologist > 234 > 5 > 1848 - 1862

Arginine rich, mutated in early stage of tumours (Armet), is a well‐characterized bifunctional protein as an unfolded protein response component intracellularly and a neurotrophic factor extracellularly in mammals. Recently, a new role of Armet as an effector protein mediating insect–plant interactions has been reported; however, its molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of plant defences...

article

Improved motivation and readiness to quit shortly after lung cancer screening: Evidence for a teachable moment

Randi M. Williams, Marisa Cordon, Ellie Eyestone, Laney Smith, more

Cancer > 128 > 10 > 1976 - 1986

Background For patients at high risk for lung cancer, screening using low‐dose computed tomography (lung cancer screening [LCS]) is recommended. The purpose of this study was to examine whether screening may serve as a teachable moment for smoking‐related outcomes. Methods In a smoking‐cessation trial, participants (N = 843) completed 2 phone interviews before randomization: before LCS (T0) and...

article

Behavioural health outcomes in veterans compared to nonveterans by rural and urban areas in Alabama, 2015–2018

David L. Albright, Kari L. Fletcher, Kate H. Thomas, Justin T. McDaniel, more

Health & Social Care in the Community > 30 > 3 > e636 - e646

In the United States, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and substance use disorders are more prevalent among veterans when compared to nonveterans. This is also seen in Alabama, which led the researchers to review county level data to examine possible links between substance use, mental health and suicide by veteran status. This study sought to evaluate behavioural health outcomes and impacting factors...

article

Monitoring changes in smoking and quitting behaviours among Australians with and without mental illness over 15 years

Elizabeth M. Greenhalgh, Emily Brennan, Catherine Segan, Michelle Scollo

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health > 46 > 2 > 223 - 229

Objective: This study examines smoking prevalence and quitting behaviours among Australians with and without mental illness. Methods: Analysis of data from Australia's triennial National Drug Strategy Household Surveys 2004–2019. The prevalence of regular smokers, never smokers, the quit proportion, cigarette consumption, and use of cessation aids were examined for those with and without mental illness...

article

Understanding long‐term trends in smoking in England, 1972–2019: an age–period–cohort approach

Magdalena Opazo Breton, Duncan Gillespie, Robert Pryce, Ilze Bogdanovica, more

Addiction > 117 > 5 > 1392 - 1403

Background and aims Smoking prevalence has been falling in England for more than 50 years, but remains a prevalent and major public health problem. This study used an age–period–cohort (APC) approach to measure lifecycle, historical and generational patterns of individual smoking behaviour. Design APC analysis of repeated cross‐sectional smoking prevalence data obtained from three nationally representative...

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CHINA (19)
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Search results

Tobacco use transitions in the United States: The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

Prevalence and factors associated with smoking tobacco among men recently released from prison in California: A cross-sectional study

Steady-state measurement of the effective particle density of cigarette smoke

Micro-chemical and radiological characterization using γ-spectrometry and WDXRF spectrometry and annual effective dose of cigarette tobaccos

Facebook recruitment of young adult smokers for a cessation trial: Methods, metrics, and lessons learned

Interoceptive conditioning in rats: Effects of using a single training dose or a set of 5 different doses of nicotine

Socioeconomic, demographic study on substance abuse among students of professional college in a southern town, Berhampur of Odisha state (India)

In brief

Healthy, nudged, and wise: Experimental evidence on the role of information salience in reducing tobacco intake

Parental smoking, type 1 diabetes, and islet autoantibody positivity in the offspring: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Smoking trajectories from adolescence to early adulthood as a longitudinal predictor of mental health in adulthood: evidence from 21 years of a nationally representative cohort

Tobacco use during pregnancy

Effects of interventions to combat tobacco addiction: Cochrane update of 2019 and 2020 reviews

Standardised packs and larger health warnings: visual attention and perceptions among Colombian smokers and non‐smokers

A difference‐in‐difference approach to examining the impact of cannabis legalization on disparities in the use of cigarettes and cannabis in the United States, 2004–17

Armet from whitefly saliva acts as an effector to suppress plant defences by targeting tobacco cystatin

Improved motivation and readiness to quit shortly after lung cancer screening: Evidence for a teachable moment

Behavioural health outcomes in veterans compared to nonveterans by rural and urban areas in Alabama, 2015–2018

Monitoring changes in smoking and quitting behaviours among Australians with and without mental illness over 15 years

Understanding long‐term trends in smoking in England, 1972–2019: an age–period–cohort approach

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