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article

Vergleich der neuen Erdbebengefährdungskarten der Schweiz, Deutschlands, Österreichs und Frankreichs für die Nationalen Anhänge zum Eurocode 8

Gottfried Grünthal

Der Vergleich der neuen Erdbebengefährdungskarten für die Schweiz, Deutschland, Österreich und für Frankreich, die für die Nationalen Anhänge zum Eurocode 8 entwickelt wurden, ist Gegenstand dieser Studie. Die vorgestellte gemeinsame Karte überdeckt den südlichen Teil Deutschlands samt angrenzender Gebiete der genannten Nachbarländer. Die Parametrisierung der Karte erfolgt für die Spitzenbodenbeschleunigung,...

article

Comparing citizen science reports and systematic surveys of marine mammal distributions and densities

Gillian K.A. Harvey, Trisalyn A. Nelson, Paul C. Paquet, Colin J. Ferster, more

Biological Conservation > 2018 > 226 > C > 92-100

Citizen science observations represent a significant and growing source of species and ecosystem knowledge. These data have potential to support traditional surveys. Databases of citizen observations of wildlife are growing, but how to use this information for scientific purposes is less clear owing to uncertainty in sampling distribution and data quality. In this study, we demonstrate how mapping...

article

Combining climatic and soil properties better predicts covers of Brazilian biomes

Daniel M. Arruda, Elpídio I. Fernandes-Filho, Ricardo R. C. Solar, Carlos E. G. R. Schaefer

The Science of Nature > 2017 > 104 > 3-4 > 1-10

Several techniques have been used to model the area covered by biomes or species. However, most models allow little freedom of choice of response variables and are conditioned to the use of climate predictors. This major restriction of the models has generated distributions of low accuracy or inconsistent with the actual cover. Our objective was to characterize the environmental space of the most...

article

COMPaRS: a stand‐alone program for map comparison using quantile rank scaling

Ludmila Urzhumtseva, Alexandre Urzhumtsev

Journal of Applied Crystallography > 49 > 6 > 2270 - 2275

The usual metrics for comparison of two crystallographic or cryoEM maps, for example the overall map correlation coefficient, measure the similarity of two sets of values with no consideration of their position in space. In contrast, when analyzing the maps visually it is the positions of sets of points with map values equal to or greater than some cutoff level that is of interest. An intrinsic and...

article

Across the grain: Multi-scale map comparison and land change assessment

Bruce A. Pond

Ecological Indicators > 2016 > 71 > C > 660-668

Changes in the spatial distribution of land cover and land use can have significant impacts on ecological processes at multiple scales; estimating these changes provides critical data for both monitoring and understanding land-use effects on these processes. One approach to mapping landcover changes, particularly useful over longer periods of time, is comparison of existing landcover maps, (post-classification...

article

Hotspots of uncertainty in land‐use and land‐cover change projections: a global‐scale model comparison

Reinhard Prestele, Peter Alexander, Mark D. A. Rounsevell, Almut Arneth, more

Global Change Biology > 22 > 12 > 3967 - 3983

Model‐based global projections of future land‐use and land‐cover (LULC) change are frequently used in environmental assessments to study the impact of LULC change on environmental services and to provide decision support for policy. These projections are characterized by a high uncertainty in terms of quantity and allocation of projected changes, which can severely impact the results of environmental...

article

Novel application of a quantitative spatial comparison tool to species distribution data

Esther L. Jones, Luke Rendell, Enrico Pirotta, Jed A. Long

Ecological Indicators > 2016 > 70 > C > 67-76

Comparing geographically referenced maps has become an important aspect of spatial ecology (e.g. assessing change in distribution over time). Whilst humans are adept at recognising and extracting structure from maps (i.e. identifying spatial patterns), quantifying these structures can be difficult. Here, we show how the Structural Similarity (SSIM) index, a spatial comparison method adapted from techniques...

chapter

A Framework of Map Comparison Methods to Evaluate Geosimulation Models from a Geospatial Perspective

Alex Hagen-Zanker, Pim Martens

Studies in Computational Intelligence > Geocomputation, Sustainability and Environmental Planning > Geocomputation, Sustainability and Environmental Planning > 251-269

Geosimulation is a form of microsimulation that seeks to understand geographical patterns and dynamics as the outcome of micro-level geographical processes. Geosimulation has been applied to understand such diverse systems as lake ecology, traffic congestion and urban growth. A crucial task common to these applications is to express the agreement between model and reality and hence the confidence...

chapter

Map Comparison Methods for Comprehensive Assessment of Geosimulation Models

Alex Hagen-Zanker, Pim Martens

Lecture Notes in Computer Science > Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2008 > Workshop on Geographical Analysis, Urban Modeling, Spatial Statistics (GEO-AN-MOD 2008) > 194-209

A crucial task in the calibration and validation of geosimulation models is to measure the agreement between model and reality. In recent years many map comparison methods have been developed for this purpose. This paper presents a framework to systematically assess different aspects of model performance and express the results relative to a common reference level. Application on a constrained cellular...

article

Delineating marine ecological units: a novel approach for deciding which taxonomic group to use and which taxonomic resolution to choose

Anne Fontaine, Rodolphe Devillers, Pedro R. Peres‐Neto, Ladd E. Johnson, more

Diversity and Distributions > 21 > 10 > 1167 - 1180

AimEcological maps are increasingly used to support marine management and conservation. However, the biological datasets used to produce these maps are typically limited to taxonomic groups identified to the specific taxonomic levels available. Ecological units should, however, reflect the broader marine ecosystem, independent of the datasets used. This study assessed the influence of taxonomic groups...

article

Partial validation of cellular automata based model simulations of urban growth: An approach to assessing factor influence using spatial methods

Pablo Barreira González, Francisco Aguilera-Benavente, Montserrat Gómez-Delgado

Environmental Modelling and Software > 2015 > 69 > Complete > 77-89

Cellular Automata (CA) based models have a high aptitude to reproduce the characteristics of urban processes and are useful to explore future scenarios. However, validation of their results poses a major challenge due to the absence of real future data with which to compare them. A partial validation applied to a CA-based model for the Madrid Region (Spain) is presented as a proposal for determining...

article

Comparing physiographic maps with different categorisations

J. Zawadzka, T. Mayr, P. Bellamy, R. Corstanje

Geomorphology > 2015 > 231 > Complete > 94-100

This paper addresses the need for a robust map comparison method suitable for finding similarities between thematic maps with different forms of categorisations. In our case, the requirement was to establish the information content of newly derived physiographic maps with regards to set of reference maps for a study area in England and Wales. Physiographic maps were derived from the 90m resolution...

article

Temporal and spatial relationships of vine pruning mass in Concord grapes

J.A. Taylor, T.R. Bates

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research > 19 > 3 > 401 - 408

Background and AimsStudies on vine size variation have generally been limited to small plot studies, particularly for correlation with canopy imaging. Research and anecdotal reports indicate there is a temporal stability in the spatial patterns of imagery of the canopy. This study directly examines and quantifies the spatial and temporal variation in vine size, rather than a canopy sensor response,...

article

A fuzzy set approach to assess the predictive accuracy of land use simulations

Jasper van Vliet, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Jelle Hurkens, Hedwig van Delden

Ecological Modelling > 2013 > 261-262 > Complete > 32-42

The predictive accuracy of land use models is frequently assessed by comparing two data sets: the simulated land use map and the observed land use map at the end of the simulation period. A common statistic for this is Kappa, which expresses the agreement between two categorical maps, corrected for the agreement as can be expected by chance. This chance agreement is based on a stochastic model of...

article

Ecosystem classifications based on summer and winter conditions

Margaret E. Andrew, Trisalyn A. Nelson, Michael A. Wulder, George W. Hobart, more

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment > 2013 > 185 > 4 > 3057-3079

Ecosystem classifications map an area into relatively homogenous units for environmental research, monitoring, and management. However, their effectiveness is rarely tested. Here, three classifications are (1) defined and characterized for Canada along summertime productivity (moderate-resolution imaging spectrometer fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation) and wintertime snow conditions...

article

Automated Map Comparison using Non-invariant Fourier Descriptors

R. Ouellette, K. Hirasawa

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems > 2012 > Vol. 6, No. 1 > 15-21

In this paper, we use non-invariant Fourier descriptors to derive transformation variables which allow us to optimally localize and reorient robot-generated maps based on the map shapes in order to determine, in an automated way, the accuracy of the generated maps. Our method uses only 4 simple calculations for alignment, therefore is extremely fast and gives a very good optimization for data maps...

article

A generic framework for land-use modelling

Christian Schweitzer, Joerg A. Priess, Subhashree Das

Environmental Modelling and Software > 2011 > 26 > 8 > 1052-1055

In this paper we present the generic modelling system SITE (SImulation of Terrestrial Environments), a software package to develop and apply models simulating regional land-use dynamics. The modelling system includes (i) a framework managing the model generics and (ii) code templates for the development of rule-based land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) models. SITE comprises built-in methods for...

article

Revisiting Kappa to account for change in the accuracy assessment of land-use change models

Jasper van Vliet, Arnold K. Bregt, Alex Hagen-Zanker

Ecological Modelling > 2011 > 222 > 8 > 1367-1375

Land-use change models are typically calibrated to reproduce known historic changes. Calibration results can then be assessed by comparing two datasets: the simulated land-use map and the actual land-use map at the same time. A common method for this is the Kappa statistic, which expresses the agreement between two categorical datasets corrected for the expected agreement. This expected agreement...

article

Fuzzy logic and differences between interpretive soil maps

Paddington Hodza

Geoderma > 2010 > 156 > 3-4 > 189-199

Interpretive soil pre-mapping is essentially a geovisualization enterprise. It involves the creation of soil-landscape mental models that underpin soil boundary delineation. For a given area, different soil scientists will inevitably produce different interpretive soil maps regardless of whether they use similar or different tools and techniques. Only one official soil map normally created by an individual...

article

Multiscale comparison of spatial patterns using two-dimensional cross-spectral analysis: application to a semi-arid (gapped) landscape

Nicolas Barbier, Pierre Couteron, Olivier Planchon, Abdoulaye Diouf

Landscape Ecology > 2010 > 25 > 6 > 889-902

Spectral analysis allows the characterization of temporal (1D) or spatial (2D) patterns in terms of their scale (frequency) distribution. Cross-spectral analysis can also be used to conduct independent correlation analyses at different scales between two variables, even in the presence of a complex superposition of structures, such as structures that are shifted, have different scales or have different...

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Vergleich der neuen Erdbebengefährdungskarten der Schweiz, Deutschlands, Österreichs und Frankreichs für die Nationalen Anhänge zum Eurocode 8

Comparing citizen science reports and systematic surveys of marine mammal distributions and densities

Combining climatic and soil properties better predicts covers of Brazilian biomes

COMPaRS: a stand‐alone program for map comparison using quantile rank scaling

Across the grain: Multi-scale map comparison and land change assessment

Hotspots of uncertainty in land‐use and land‐cover change projections: a global‐scale model comparison

Novel application of a quantitative spatial comparison tool to species distribution data

A Framework of Map Comparison Methods to Evaluate Geosimulation Models from a Geospatial Perspective

Map Comparison Methods for Comprehensive Assessment of Geosimulation Models

Delineating marine ecological units: a novel approach for deciding which taxonomic group to use and which taxonomic resolution to choose

Partial validation of cellular automata based model simulations of urban growth: An approach to assessing factor influence using spatial methods

Comparing physiographic maps with different categorisations

Temporal and spatial relationships of vine pruning mass in Concord grapes

A fuzzy set approach to assess the predictive accuracy of land use simulations

Ecosystem classifications based on summer and winter conditions

Automated Map Comparison using Non-invariant Fourier Descriptors

A generic framework for land-use modelling

Revisiting Kappa to account for change in the accuracy assessment of land-use change models

Fuzzy logic and differences between interpretive soil maps

Multiscale comparison of spatial patterns using two-dimensional cross-spectral analysis: application to a semi-arid (gapped) landscape

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