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article

Archaeological excavations at Lungi Tepa, south Uzbekistan. Report for Season 2021

Ladislav Damašek, Pilař Daniel, Samuel Kertés, Shapulat Shaydullaev

Studia Hercynia > 2023 > 27 > 2 > 145-175

This report summarises the preliminary results of the second season of excavations at the site of Lungi Tepa in the Kugitang Piedmonts, south Uzbekistan. The research was conducted by a Czech -Uzbek team in autumn 2021. The results suggest that the site was settled in the post -Kushan period, the Early and High Medieval period with traces of settlement from the Late Medieval period. Later it was used...

article

Metsamor in Armenia: the sixth season of fieldwork in 2018

Jakubiak, Krzysztof, Mkrtchyan, Ruzan, Simonyan, Hasmik

Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean > 2019 > 28(2) > 287-308

Archaeological exploration of the eastern part of the settlement in Metsamor in 2018 uncovered several rectangular structures. Most of these structures were dated to the early Iron Ages I and II. Roman-period graves were recorded in the ruins of the Iron Age settlement. An anthropological assessment of human remains from three of the burials (sex, age, cranial and postcranial measurements as well...

article

Process simulation and exergy analysis of two nickel laterite processing technologies

Janelle Zhiyun Khoo, Nawshad Haque, Sankar Bhattacharya

International Journal of Mineral Processing > 2017 > 161 > C > 83-93

The results have been presented for the process simulation and exergy analysis on two different nickel laterite processing routes. These are Ferronickel production and high pressure acid leaching (HPAL). An exergy analysis undertaken using the simulation results. The process simulation was carried out by Aspen Plus with inputs from thermodynamic simulation of selective sub-processes using Factsage...

article

A life cycle assessment of a new laterite processing technology

Janelle Zhiyun Khoo, Nawshad Haque, Geoff Woodbridge, Robbie McDonald, more

Journal of Cleaner Production > 2017 > 142 > P4 > 1765-1777

This paper presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) study of three nickel laterite processing technologies. The main goal was to quantify selected environmental impact categories and to compare and analyse each impact category for three different nickel feedstock for stainless steel production. The nickel laterite processing routes were (1) high pressure acid leaching (HPAL), (2) ferronickel, and (3)...

article

Beyond culture history at Maski: Land use, settlement and social differences in Neolithic through Medieval South India

Peter G. Johansen, Andrew M. Bauer

Archaeological Research in Asia > 2015 > 1-2 > Complete > 6-16

The multicomponent site of Maski in northern Karnataka has long held a central position in the culture-historic narratives of archaeologists and historians alike. Yet since B.K. Thapar's correlation of archaeological deposits at Maski with Wheeler's culture history sequence in the 1950s, archaeological research at Maski has been largely absent. Our research at Maski has sought to build upon this important...

article

Górnictwo rud żelaza i metali nieżelaznych w Szwecji

Ł. Herezy, W. Kowol, P. Kamiński

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne Recykling > 2014 > R. 59, nr 2 > 57--64

Artykuł jest pierwszym z serii artykułów omawiającym techniki i technologie stosowane w górnictwie rudnym Szwecji. W artykule dokonano ogólnego opisu podmiotów gospodarczych działających na terytorium Szwecji oraz przedstawiono lokalizację prowadzonych robót. Pokazano aktualne wyniki produkcyjne w odniesieniu do wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej, a także zaprezentowano kierunek prowadzenia prac poszukiwawczych...

article

Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from ferroalloy production using life cycle assessment with particular reference to Australia

Nawshad Haque, Terry Norgate

Journal of Cleaner Production > 2013 > 39 > Complete > 220-230

Ferroalloys are defined as iron-bearing alloys with a high proportion of one or more other elements – manganese, chromium, silicon, molybdenum, etc., mainly used by the iron and steel industries. Life cycle assessment methodology was used to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of a number of these ferroalloy production processes. The results of the study showed that GHG footprint for ferroalloy...

article

Electrochemical reduction of UO₂ to U in a LiCl–KCl-Li₂O molten salt

Jin-Mok Hur, Sun-Seok Hong, Hansoo Lee

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry > 2013 > 295 > 2 > 851-854

An electrochemical reduction of UO₂ to U in a LiCl–KCl-Li₂O molten salt has been investigated in this study. A diagram showing equilibrium potentials (relative to Cl₂/Cl⁻) plotted versus the negative logarithms of oxide-ion activity (pO²⁻) was constructed. The crushed UO₂ pellets in the cathode basket of an electrolytic reducer were successfully reduced to U. The reduction of UO₂ is proved to proceed...

article

SERIPHOS SURFACES: A STUDY OF COPPER SLAG HEAPS AND COPPER SOURCES IN THE CONTEXT OF EARLY BRONZE AGE AEGEAN METAL PRODUCTION

M. GEORGAKOPOULOU, Y. BASSIAKOS, O. PHILANIOTOU

Archaeometry > 53 > 1 > 123 - 145

Kephala and Phournoi, on the island of Seriphos, add to a growing number of EBA metal production sites identified in the south‐central Aegean. Analytical examination of samples from the two sites addressed the technological parameters of the copper smelting process, indicating the use of mixed oxidic and sulphidic copper–iron ores to produce unalloyed copper with minute copper sulphide inclusions...

chapter

4.6: Supply chain sustainability - rare earth materials

Peter C Dent, Michael H Walmer

2010 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC) > 57 - 58

2010 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC)

Rare earth elements are ubiquitous in many civilian, green energy and military technologies, including traveling wave tubes. China has become the dominant source of rare earth elements over the last two decades. Fortunately, non-Chinese rare earth mining and metal production interests are moving forward with vigor in the US, Canada, Australia and South Africa. In addition, the US government is engaged...

article

Observation and modeling of the reduction of hematite particles to metal in alkaline solution by electrolysis

A. Allanore, H. Lavelaine, G. Valentin, J.P. Birat, more

Electrochimica Acta > 2010 > 55 > 12 > 4007-4013

The electrochemical conversion in alkaline solutions of single hematite particles, weighting between 3mg and 1g, could be observed at macro- and microscopic scales, thanks to a dedicated experimental configuration. The results presented here reveal a very specific reaction mode at both scales, notably with a layer of metal progressing on the surface of the solid particle during the electrochemical...

chapter

Equipment for microwave enhanced carbothermic reductions

L.A. Jermolovicius, E.R. de Castro, J.T. Senise, M.B. Mourao, more

2009 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC) > 167 - 171

2009 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC 2009)

In this paper the diversity of industrial microwave applications is highlighted by the description of another exciting field for microwave usage: the microwave carbothermic reduction of metal oxides. This is a metallurgical application for metal production, for example pig iron from hematite. It is proposed a conception of single mode cavity adapted for mass and energy balances of this kind of reduction...

article

(Chalcolithic – Middle Bronze Age)

L.I. Avilova

Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia > 2009 > 37 > 3 > 50-58

The article focuses on the comparative analysis of regional models of early metal production in the Near East (Anatolia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Iran) in the 5th – early 2nd millennia BC. The study is based on the statistical analysis of computer databases on ancient copper/bronze, gold, silver, and lead artifacts, compiled by the author. Four criteria are suggested for characterizing the regional...

article

Life cycle inventory analysis of the production of metals used in photovoltaics

Vasilis Fthenakis, Wenming Wang, Hyung Chul Kim

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews > 2009 > 13 > 3 > 493-517

Material flows and emissions in all the stages of production of zinc, copper, aluminum, cadmium, indium, germanium, gallium, selenium, tellurium, and molybdenum were investigated. These metals are used selectively in the manufacture of solar cells, and emission and energy factors in their production are used in the life cycle analysis (LCA) of photovoltaics. Significant changes have occurred in the...

article

FORMOVANIE OSÍDLENIA DREVORUBAČSKÝCH A UHLIARSKYCH OSÁD NA ÚZEMÍ MESTA BANSKÁ BYSTRICA

Oto Tomeček

Historický časopis (Historical Journal) > 2009 > 57 > 2 > 195-222

The study is concerned with the problem of the origin of the timber and charcoal producing settlements in the historic territory of the town Banska Bystrica. The introduction outlines the origin of the mining and metal producing settlements, with the existence of which timber and charcoal production was connected. The specialized timber and charcoal settlements were younger. The oldest developed from...

article

Assessing the environmental impact of metal production processes

T.E. Norgate, S. Jahanshahi, W.J. Rankin

Journal of Cleaner Production > 2007 > 15 > 8-9 > 838-848

Evaluating both new and existing processes for primary metal production to assess their environmental impacts is often difficult due to the many inputs and outputs involved. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a methodology that can be used for such purposes to identify those parts of the metal production life cycle that have significant environmental impacts. LCA has been used by CSIRO Minerals to assess...

article

Steps towards a European dioxin emission inventory

Ulrich Quaß, Michael W. Fermann, Günter Bröker

Chemosphere > 2000 > 40 > 9-11 > 1125-1129

The results of a project aiming at collection and evaluation of information regarding the industrial and non-industrial emission sources for dioxins and furans (PCDD/PCDF) in 17 European Countries (EU 15, CH, N) are presented. An overview about national documents covering dioxin emission inventories for the period 1990–1995 is given. Some data on emissions associated with residual materials, waste...

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