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article

Cultivating Peace and Health at Community Health Centers

Carolyn P. Neuhaus

Hastings Center Report > 53 > 5 > 13 - 16

Founded on a commitment to social justice and health equity, community health centers in the United States provide high‐quality primary care to underserved populations and address social drivers of health disparities. Through an examination of two books on the history of community health centers, Peace & Health: How a Group of Small‐Town Activists and College Students Set Out to Change Healthcare,...

article

The tannization of human tissues: A nineteenth‐century educational preservation technique at the Morgagni Museum

Giovanni Magno, Michael Allen Beck De Lotto, Fabio Zampieri, Alberto Zanatta

Curator: The Museum Journal > 66 > 4 > 665 - 673

Lodovico Brunetti (1813–1899), professor of pathological anatomy at the University of Padua and founder of the Museum of Pathological Anatomy, believed that anatomical preparations were essential for the practice and teaching of pathological anatomy. At his arrival in Padua in 1855, there were around 300 made by other professors of medicine, including some by Giovanni Battista Morgagni, preserved...

article

Gender‐Affirming Care for Cisgender People

Theodore E. Schall, Jacob D. Moses

Hastings Center Report > 53 > 3 > 15 - 24

Gender‐affirming care is almost exclusively discussed in connection with transgender medicine. However, this article argues that such care predominates among cisgender patients, people whose gender identity matches their sex assigned at birth. To advance this argument, we trace historical shifts in transgender medicine since the 1950s to identify central components of “gender‐affirming care” that distinguish it from previous therapeutic models, such as “sex reassignment.” Next, we sketch two historical cases—reconstructive mammoplasty and testicular implants—to show how cisgender patients offered justifications grounded in authenticity and gender affirmation that closely mirror rationales supporting gender‐affirming care for transgender people. The comparison exposes significant disparities in contemporary health policy regarding care for cis and trans patients. We consider two possible objections to the analogy we draw, but ultimately argue that these disparities are rooted in “trans exceptionalism” that produces demonstrable harm....

article

‘Tu Souffres, Cela Suffit’: Louis Pasteur's (1822–1895) inspirational motto for Sydney's St George Hospital

Nadeem Toodayan, Zaheer Toodayan, Marika Sablatura‐Nagy

Internal Medicine Journal > 53 > 5 > 854 - 860

In the fiscal year of 1960–1961, board members of Sydney's St George Hospital elected to adopt a new motto for the organisation: ‘Tu souffres, cela suffit’ – French for ‘You are suffering, that is enough’. Today these words are all too familiar to staff members and visitors to St George Hospital, but few are aware of their actual historical significance. Accessible histories of the hospital attribute...

article

Pułapki i meandry. Trudności poznawcze i interpretacyjne towarzyszące badaniom przyczyn i przebiegu chorób w przeszłości

Danuta Raj, Jakub Węglorz

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki > 2023 > T. 68, nr 1 > 49--62

Already in the 19th century, researchers of the history of medicine tried to reinterpret the old pathogenesis and diagnostics by framing the descriptions of past epidemics within the framework of their own scientific discourse. However, this practice has sometimes led astray both then and now due to the incompatibility of modern medical language with historical sources, often of a narrative character...

article

Annotated translation of Georg Meissner's first description of the submucosal plexus

Peter H. Neckel

Neurogastroenterology & Motility > 35 > 3 > n/a - n/a

Background The discovery and detailed descriptions of the enteric nervous system dates back only ˂200 years. The 19th century was a golden age of histological, morphological, and physiological breakthroughs propelled by technological advances in microscopy, electricity, and scientific methodology. As a matter of fact, German‐speaking scientists were highly successful during this period as can still...

article

Urzędowo przepisane. Recepty w gdańskiej literaturze epidemicznej XVI i XVII w.

Bartłomiej Siek

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki > 2023 > T. 68, nr 1 > 63--78

In the epidemic-related texts printed by Gdańsk publishing houses in the 16th and 17th centuries, we can also find prescriptions. Over time, they gave way to short tax notes on anti-epidemic drugs attached to official forms. Ten publications from 1564-1663 were analyzed, and by comparing their contents, a list of 47 prescriptions and 144 drug names was compiled. The significant difference in the number...

article

‘So near and yet so far’: the early women of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians – the first 20 female MRACP 1938–1947

Catherine E. Storey

Internal Medicine Journal > 52 > 12 > 2186 - 2190

At the time of the inauguration of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians in 1938, there were 232 Foundation Fellows, but only five were women. Those who wished to gain a postgraduate qualification for internal medicine or related specialties then sat for Membership of the new College. In the first decade (1938–1947), 250 gained Membership, but only 20 were women. These women lived in an era...

article

“On Chorea”: 150 Years of the Beginning of Hope

Gustavo L. Franklin, Hélio A.G. Teive, Alex T. Meira, Adriana M.T. Nepomuceno, more

Movement Disorders > 37 > 11 > 2194 - 2196

“On Chorea” by George Huntington was published on April 13, 1872, in The Medical and Surgical Reporter of Philadelphia. Despite being a milestone in the recognition of the disease that later would bear his name, some myths and curiosities continue to surround the history of this publication and its author. In this History, the authors pay tribute to the 150th anniversary of the publication of this...

article

How to define today a medical disorder? Biological and psychosocial disadvantages as the paramount criteria

Diogo Telles Correia, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Helio G. Rocha Neto

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice > 28 > 6 > 1195 - 1204

Background The 20th century has seen great developments in the concept of disease. Marked by the biopsychosocial paradigm, several strategies for disease definition were added to previous descriptive organic views, but a final concept is still out of reach. Method A critical review was carried out on thorough analysis of articles and textbooks to describe the main concepts and definitions of disease...

article

Of drills and bones: Giovanni Ghedini and the origin of bone marrow biopsy

Marco Pizzi, Gianni Binotto, Giulia Rigoni Savioli, Angelo Paolo Dei Tos, more

British Journal of Haematology > 198 > 6 > 943 - 952

Bone marrow (BM) studies are pivotal for the diagnosis of haematological disorders. Their introduction into clinical haematology dates back to the work of Giovanni Ghedini (1877–1959), an Italian physician who first conceived BM sampling in 1908. Ghedini's proposal stemmed from his clinical experience and from the scientific developments that characterised his epoch. By presenting selected passages...

article

Pneumococcal pneumonia on the job: Uncovering the past story of occupational exposure to metal fumes and dust

Kjell Torén, Rajen N. Naidoo, Paul D. Blanc

American Journal of Industrial Medicine > 65 > 7 > 517 - 524

The objectives of this study are to elucidate the early history of risk for pneumococcal pneumonia from occupational exposure to metal fumes and dusts, and to demonstrate the importance of searching older literature when performing reviews. We performed manual searching for articles in the Library of the Surgeon General's Office (the precursor to Index Medicus), in the Hathi Trust database, in PubMed,...

article

Anorexia and bulimia in late antiquity and early Byzantine period in the eastern Mediterranean region

Christos Tsagkaris, Platon Christopoulos, Marios Papadakis, Constantinos Trompoukis

International Journal of Eating Disorders > 55 > 5 > 637 - 641

Objective The purpose of this study is to identify clinical manifestations of eating disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region from the first century AD until the seventh century AD and evaluate relevant awareness among the physicians of the era. Method The authors searched original medical texts written in Greek by physicians practicing in the Eastern Mediterranean region from the first century...

article

Do medical schools teach medical humanities? Review of curricula in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom

Jeremy Howick, Lunan Zhao, Brenna McKaig, Alessandro Rosa, more

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice > 28 > 1 > 86 - 92

Rationale and objectives Medical humanities are becoming increasingly recognized as positively impacting medical education and medical practice. However, the extent of medical humanities teaching in medical schools is largely unknown. We reviewed medical school curricula in Canada, the UK and the US. We also explored the relationship between medical school ranking and the inclusion of medical humanities...

article

Średniowieczne analecta czeskie w rękopisie z dawnej biblioteki kościoła św. Piotra i Pawła w Legnicy

Wojciech Mrozowicz

Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki > 2022 > 31 > 1 > 35-57

The main source used in the article is a Latin manuscript from the former library of St Peter and Paul’s Church in Legnica, currently kept at the Wrocław University Library. The components of the manuscript were created in the 1370s and 1390s in Bohemia. In the course of processing the document, various interesting bohemica were discovered, ie Czech translations of Psalms 129 and 132, identified as...

article

On Anthimus and his work

Maciej Kokoszko

Vox Patrum > 2022 > 81 > 65-90

In the Church Fathers’ teachings there are numerous references to medical knowledge, including those concerning dietetics. They were, however, not meant to be used to heal the faithful but they were a resource of morally elevating metaphors appropriate in preaching Christian ethics. The first fully extant work on dietetics penned by a Christian author is entitled De observatione ciborum. It is a Latin...

article

The Cultural Importance of Water from the Perspective of 16th Century Polish Medical Guides

Anna Odrzywolska

UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences > 2022 > 2(23) > 5-20

Water had a special cultural significance in human life. Water was a cheap and widely available resource for everyone. Water has fulfilled a wide variety of functions over the centuries. People even believed in the magical properties of water. The water also had a symbolic effect - it cleansed the body from sins. However, it was during this period in Western Europe that drinking water was considered...

article

Historyczne szpitale – zapomniane dziedzictwo

Piotr Gerber

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie > 2022 > Nr 70 > 117--130

Duża część szpitali w Polsce posiada zabytkowe wartości. Na Dolnym Śląsku stanowią one 30% wszystkich działających szpitali. Niemodernizowana przez lata infrastruktura obiektów ochrony zdrowia wymaga wielu inwestycji. W ostatnich latach finansowe wsparcie środkami Unii Europejskiej, środkami samorządów oraz finansami państwowymi przyśpieszyło ten proces modernizacji. Autor na podstawie prowadzonych...

article

History of radiotherapy in Poland. A brief outline of the problem

Richard W. Gryglewski

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems > 2021 > Vol. 17, no. 4 > 227--233

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to give brief outline on the history of radiotherapy in Poland from its beginnings until first decades of the second half of 20th century. Methods: The study is based on comparative and reconstructive analyses of literature, papers and communications dealing with the history of radiotherapy in Poland. Results: The history of radiotherapy in Poland can be perceived...

article

William Hunter's aristocratic post mortems

Stuart W. McDonald

Clinical Anatomy > 34 > 7 > 1068 - 1080

William Hunter's writings, lectures and his collection of circa 1,400 pathological specimens at the University of Glasgow show that, within the scientific limitations of the 18th Century, he had a sound grasp of the significance of morbid anatomical appearances. Unlike John Hunter's collection at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, few of the Hunterian specimens at Glasgow have an accompanying...

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Cultivating Peace and Health at Community Health Centers

The tannization of human tissues: A nineteenth‐century educational preservation technique at the Morgagni Museum

Gender‐Affirming Care for Cisgender People

‘Tu Souffres, Cela Suffit’: Louis Pasteur's (1822–1895) inspirational motto for Sydney's St George Hospital

Pułapki i meandry. Trudności poznawcze i interpretacyjne towarzyszące badaniom przyczyn i przebiegu chorób w przeszłości

Annotated translation of Georg Meissner's first description of the submucosal plexus

Urzędowo przepisane. Recepty w gdańskiej literaturze epidemicznej XVI i XVII w.

‘So near and yet so far’: the early women of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians – the first 20 female MRACP 1938–1947

“On Chorea”: 150 Years of the Beginning of Hope

How to define today a medical disorder? Biological and psychosocial disadvantages as the paramount criteria

Of drills and bones: Giovanni Ghedini and the origin of bone marrow biopsy

Pneumococcal pneumonia on the job: Uncovering the past story of occupational exposure to metal fumes and dust

Anorexia and bulimia in late antiquity and early Byzantine period in the eastern Mediterranean region

Do medical schools teach medical humanities? Review of curricula in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom

Średniowieczne analecta czeskie w rękopisie z dawnej biblioteki kościoła św. Piotra i Pawła w Legnicy

On Anthimus and his work

The Cultural Importance of Water from the Perspective of 16th Century Polish Medical Guides

Historyczne szpitale – zapomniane dziedzictwo

History of radiotherapy in Poland. A brief outline of the problem

William Hunter's aristocratic post mortems

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