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article

Internationally Comparative Research Designs in the Social Sciences: Fundamental Issues, Case Selection Logics, and Research Limitations

Achim Goerres, Markus B. Siewert, Claudius Wagemann

KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie > 2019 > 71 > 1 > 75-97

This paper synthesizes methodological knowledge derived from comparative survey research and comparative politics and aims to enable researches to make prudent research decisions. Starting from the data structure that can occur in international comparisons at different levels, it suggests basic definitions for cases and contexts, i. e. the main ingredients of international comparison. The paper then...

article

The Variable Selection Problem in the Three Worlds of Welfare Literature

Erdem Yörük, İbrahim Öker, Kerem Yıldırım, Burcu Yakut-Çakar

Social Indicators Research > 2019 > 144 > 2 > 625-646

Based on a quantitative meta-analysis of empirical studies, this article points out a significant flaw in the Three Worlds of Welfare literature, the “variable selection problem.” Compiling, classifying, and quantitatively analysing all variables that have been employed in this literature, the article shows first that variable selection has depended more on case selection than on theory. Scholars...

article

An overview of periodontal regenerative procedures for the general dental practitioner

M. Siaili, D. Chatzopoulou, D.G. Gillam

The Saudi Dental Journal > 2018 > 30 > 1 > 26-37

The complete regeneration of the periodontal tissues following periodontal disease remains an unmet challenge, and has presented clinicians with a remarkably difficult clinical challenge to solve given the extensive research in this area and our current understanding of the biology of the periodontal tissues. In particular as clinicians we look for treatments that will improve the predictability of...

article

What determines horizontal merger antitrust case selection?

Ning Gao, Ni Peng, Norman Strong

Journal of Corporate Finance > 2017 > 46 > C > 51-76

U.S. antitrust agencies claim their antitrust enforcement mission is to protect consumers, promote fair competition, and maintain efficiency. Are antitrust practices consistent with this claim? We explore this question by examining antitrust selection of horizontal merger cases in the U.S. manufacturing sector during 1980–2009. We find that antitrust agencies are more likely to intervene when foreign...

article

Identifying Relevant Cases of Conversion and Drift Using the Comparative Agendas Project

Ilana Shpaizman

Policy Studies Journal > 45 > 3 > 490 - 509

One of the most important phases of case‐oriented research is identifying the relevant population of cases. The best practice scheme suggests first identifying the positive and then the negative cases, based on the assumption that the population is small and known. This scheme is inapplicable when the population is unknown, as is the case with many public administration and public policy outcomes,...

article

Anesthesia Residents Preferentially Request Operating Room Case Assignments with Complex Cases

Peggy Y. Kim, Jonathan P. Wanderer, David W. Allbritton, Matthias Eikermann, more

Journal of Medical Systems > 2017 > 41 > 4 > 1-11

Self-directed learning is associated with knowledge and performance improvements, increased identification and amelioration of knowledge gaps, and heightened critical appraisal of available evidence. We developed and implemented a decision support system that could support self-directed learning for anesthesia residents by soliciting resident input in case selection. We hypothesized that residents...

article

The Design of Social and Political Research

Philippe C. Schmitter

Chinese Political Science Review > 2016 > 1 > 4 > 577-609

Good social and political research requires an explicit design. In this article, this is illustrated by a cycle of choices that begin with the transformation of an idea into a topic and end with the drawing of inferences from the patterns of association one finds. In between lie critical decisions about concepts, hypotheses, indicators, case selection, measurement and tests for association.

chapter

Automated Case Selection from Databases Using Similarity-Based Rough Approximation

Liqiang Geng, Howard J. Hamilton

Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing > Innovations in Intelligent Systems > Theory > 111-130

Summary Knowledge acquisition for a case-based reasoning system from domain experts is a bottleneck in the system development process. It would be useful to derive representative cases automatically from larger, available databases rather than acquiring them from domain experts. Case selection is a branch of data mining that aims at choosing representative cases from large data sets for future case-based...

chapter

Stratified Sampling for Case Selection Criteria for Evaluating CAD

Robert M. Nishikawa, Lorenzo L. Pesce

Lecture Notes in Computer Science > Digital Mammography > Poster Session 2 > 534-539

Ideally, the outcome of any CAD performance assessment should predict how well the system would work if used clinically. In principle, if the selection process draws cases that are “representative” of the general patient population, the study design will be unbiased. In this study we explored the effect of stratified sampling on stand-alone and radiologists’ performance using data from an observer...

chapter

Case-Based Classifiers with Fuzzy Rough Sets

Shuang An, Qinghua Hu, Daren Yu

Lecture Notes in Computer Science > Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology > Machine Learning with Rough and Hybrid Techniques > 172-177

Fuzzy rough sets are widely studied and applied in the domain of machine learning and data mining these years. In this work, we design a case-based classifier with fuzzy rough set theory. The new classifier takes lower approximation of fuzzy rough sets as the theoretic foundation of selecting cases and case reasoning. Some numerical experiments are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed...

chapter

Empirical Analysis of Case-Editing Approaches for Numeric Prediction

Michael A. Redmond, Timothy Highley

Innovations in Computing Sciences and Software Engineering > 79-84

One important aspect of Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is Case Selection or Editing – selection for inclusion (or removal) of cases from a case base. This can be motivated either by space considerations or quality considerations. One of the advantages of CBR is that it is equally useful for boolean, nominal, ordinal, and numeric prediction tasks. However, many case selection research efforts have focused...

article

An empirical analysis of data preprocessing for machine learning-based software cost estimation

Jianglin Huang, Yan-Fu Li, Min Xie

Information and Software Technology > 2015 > 67 > C > 108-127

Due to the complex nature of software development process, traditional parametric models and statistical methods often appear to be inadequate to model the increasingly complicated relationship between project development cost and the project features (or cost drivers). Machine learning (ML) methods, with several reported successful applications, have gained popularity for software cost estimation...

article

Generalising via the Case Studies and Adapting the Oil and Gas Industry's Project Execution Concepts to the Construction Industry

Øystein Mejlænder-Larsen

Procedia Economics and Finance > 2015 > 21 > Complete > 271-278

The aim of this paper is to explore whether it is possible to generalise findings on project execution in the oil and gas industry related to the use of project execution models anda 3D design environment, based on case study research. Besides, sufficient similaritiesbetween the two industrieswere assessed and the applicability of the findings from the cases in the oil and gas industry was assessed...

article

Evaluating Case-Base Maintenance algorithms

Eduardo Lupiani, Jose M. Juarez, Jose Palma

Knowledge-Based Systems > 2014 > 67 > Complete > 180-194

The success of a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) system closely depends on its knowledge-base, named the case-base. The life cycle of CBR systems usually implies updating the case-base with new cases. However, it also implies removing useless cases for reasons of efficiency. This process is known as Case-Base Maintenance (CBM) and, in recent decades, great efforts have been made to automatise this process...

article

Treatment Decisions in 330 Cases Referred for Apical Surgery

Thomas von Arx, Eliane Roux, Walter Bürgin

Journal of Endodontics > 2014 > 40 > 2 > 187-191

Apical surgery is an important treatment option for teeth with postendodontic apical periodontitis. However, little information is available regarding treatment planning in cases referred for apical surgery. This study evaluated the decisions made in such cases and analyzed the variables influencing the decision-making process.The study retrospectively assessed clinical and radiographic data of 330...

article

Building on Solid Ground: Robust Case Selection in Multi‐Method Research

Ingo Rohlfing, Peter Starke

Swiss Political Science Review > 19 > 4 > 492 - 512

The social sciences are currently witnessing a trend toward multi‐method research (MMR). However, many important issues have not been sufficiently addressed so far. The focus of this paper is case selection for process tracing on the basis of regression results, which is the main point of intersection between the two methods. Based on a review, we first show that the current empirical and methodological literature does not fully appreciate the implications of modeling uncertainty and non‐robust quantitative results. The major problem is that non‐robust regression results may lead to invalid choices and faulty inferences. We develop a novel selection procedure that takes these issues into account and improves causal inference in MMR...

article

The effect of class imbalance on case selection for case-based classifiers: An empirical study in the context of medical decision support

Jordan M. Malof, Maciej A. Mazurowski, Georgia D. Tourassi

Neural Networks > 2012 > 25 > Complete > 141-145

Case selection is a useful approach for increasing the efficiency and performance of case-based classifiers. Multiple techniques have been designed to perform case selection. This paper empirically investigates how class imbalance in the available set of training cases can impact the performance of the resulting classifier as well as properties of the selected set. In this study, the experiments are...

article

A unified model of settlement and trial expenditures: The Priest–Klein model extended

Marc Poitras, Ralph Frasca

International Review of Law & Economics > 2011 > 31 > 3 > 188-195

Settlement and trial expenditures are crucially interrelated. The literature on settlement, however, takes no account of models of trial. In this paper, we develop a unified model of settlement and trial expenditures. We do this by discarding the usual assumption of settlement models that trial costs are constant across cases. Instead, we follow the literature on trial by permitting trial costs to...

article

A Proposal to Improve Treatment of Patients with Gynecologic Cancer in Developing Countries

Reda A. Hemida

Clinical Ovarian Cancer > 2009 > 2 > 1 > 38-43

There is no doubt that patients with cancer in developing countries need more care. The prognosis of these patients depends on early diagnosis and standard methods of treatment. Gynecologic cancer represents an important and forgotten group of patients with cancer in these countries despite its high incidence. To improve the survival of patients with gynecologic cancer, their management should be...

article

Trends towards increased use of the laparoscopic approach in colorectal surgery

J. Lengyel, C. Morrison, P. M. Sagar

Colorectal Disease > 12 > 10 > 1007 - 1012

Aim The aim of the study was to identify the trend towards laparoscopic resection in the practice of one surgeon and to determine whether the default approach to all colorectal procedures could be by means of minimally invasive techniques with an associated low rate of conversion. Method A prospective database of primary colorectal resections under the care of one colorectal surgeon collected between...

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Internationally Comparative Research Designs in the Social Sciences: Fundamental Issues, Case Selection Logics, and Research Limitations

The Variable Selection Problem in the Three Worlds of Welfare Literature

An overview of periodontal regenerative procedures for the general dental practitioner

What determines horizontal merger antitrust case selection?

Identifying Relevant Cases of Conversion and Drift Using the Comparative Agendas Project

Anesthesia Residents Preferentially Request Operating Room Case Assignments with Complex Cases

The Design of Social and Political Research

Automated Case Selection from Databases Using Similarity-Based Rough Approximation

Stratified Sampling for Case Selection Criteria for Evaluating CAD

Case-Based Classifiers with Fuzzy Rough Sets

Empirical Analysis of Case-Editing Approaches for Numeric Prediction

An empirical analysis of data preprocessing for machine learning-based software cost estimation

Generalising via the Case Studies and Adapting the Oil and Gas Industry's Project Execution Concepts to the Construction Industry

Evaluating Case-Base Maintenance algorithms

Treatment Decisions in 330 Cases Referred for Apical Surgery

Building on Solid Ground: Robust Case Selection in Multi‐Method Research

The effect of class imbalance on case selection for case-based classifiers: An empirical study in the context of medical decision support

A unified model of settlement and trial expenditures: The Priest–Klein model extended

A Proposal to Improve Treatment of Patients with Gynecologic Cancer in Developing Countries

Trends towards increased use of the laparoscopic approach in colorectal surgery

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