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Neuromodulation of the brain is an emerging therapy to control the epileptic seizure. The therapy can be improved with a closed-loop mechanism in which the electrical stimuli is activated in accordance with the seizure onset. In this paper, a correlation integral (CI) processor in a form of application specific integrated circuit is designed to estimate the brain complexity, chaoticity, after the...
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a neurological disease that affects millions of individuals in the world. Majority of TLE patients suffer from refractory seizures. Determining abnormal/damaged regions of the brain that harbor seizure focus is a critical step towards treatment of TLE patients. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive method that we use in this work to determine damaged regions...
Epilepsy is caused by sudden flurries of electrochemical activity in the brain, which interrupt the 'conversation' among neurons. Consciousness, memory, sense, speech, mood, movement, and motions can all be affected during the one or two minutes that the seizure lasts. Walking, jogging, running and stationary bicycling are particularly safe, but especially "Prayer type yoga exercise" clearly...
Computer-assistance has reached virtually every domain within the field of medical imaging. But, even after four decades of intensive medical image analysis research, most of the fully automated methods have not been adopted for clinical routine use. Dedicated computer aided-diagnosis tools with proven clinical impact exist for a narrow range of applications, including mammography and chest imaging,...
Epilepsy is one of the most common diseases related to the disfunctioning of the central nervous system. For the patients whose drug therapy turns out to be ineffective, it is a common method to identify the locations of sources that trigger the seizure in the brain tissue and resect them through surgical means for treatment. The success of the surgical operation depends on the accurate localization...
A patient-specific seizure prediction algorithm is proposed using a classifier to differentiate preictal from interictal ECoG signals. Spectral power of ECoG processed in four different fashions are used as features: raw, time-differential, space-differential, and time/space-differential ECoG. The features are classified using cost-sensitive support vector machines by the double cross-validation methodology...
Epileptic seizures are generated by an abnormal synchronization of neurons. Since epileptic seizures are unforeseeable for the patients, epileptic seizures detection is an interesting issue in epileptology, that novel approaches to understand the mechanism of epileptic seizures. In this study we analyzed invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings in patients suffering from medically intractable...
It is essential technique to accurately localize a signal source in a brain for successful surgery of intractable epilepsy patients. In order to improve the accuracy of the localization, in this paper, we will introduce a localizing method by using Self-Organnizing Relationship (SOR) network. The SOR network has a feature of realizing an approximation of a desirable input/output relationship of a...
The paper introduces a confidential region proposed by T. Yamazaki et al., which is equipped with the equivalent dipole source localization software; SinaPointPro (NEC Corporation). This confidence limit is defined on a direction of the radius. This method enables to detect the origin of the epilepsy. And also the paper treats a series of its applications by the present author. The author and his...
We propose a subdural electrode array guided by a φ 0.3 mm SMA guidewire for a minimally-invasive method of electrocorticogram recording. The measured electric characteristics show that the proposed electrodes are compatible with the application of electrocorticogram recording. Somatosensory evoked potential is measured by the proposed method in the animal test in vivo. The results confirm that the...
The realization of minimally invasive epilepsy surgery treatment, our goal, needs not only the localization of epileptic focus exactly and also the excision of the focus accurately by minimally invasive way. We think one of the best ways is cryosurgery. Cryosurgery is used to excise cancer of liver and kidney tumor as minimally invasive surgery. However, cryosurgery is not applied to epilepsy and...
Considerable concern has been expressed about the possible health risks of mobile-phone use. The brain has greater exposure to mobile-phone radiation (MPR) than the rest of the body, and there are experimental findings suggesting that electromagnetic fields may modulate the activity of neural networks. The tendency towards electrical instability of the neural networks of epileptics suggests that these...
An automatic Uni- or Multi-modal Intelligent Seizure Acquisition (UISA/MISA) system is highly applicable for onset detection of epileptic seizures based on motion data. The modalities used are surface electromyography (sEMG), acceleration (ACC) and angular velocity (ANG). The new proposed automatic algorithm on motion data is extracting features as “log-sum” measures of discrete wavelet components...
In this paper, we present a method for epileptic seizure prediction from intracranial EEG recordings. We applied correlation dimension, a nonlinear dynamics based univariate characteristic measure for extracting features from EEG segments. Finally, we designed a fuzzy rule-based system for seizure prediction. The system is primarily designed based on expert's knowledge and reasoning. A spatial-temporal...
The worldwide prevalence of epilepsy is approximately 1%, and 25% of epilepsy patients cannot be treated sufficiently by available therapies. Brain stimulation with closed-loop seizure control has recently been proposed as an innovative and effective alternative. In this paper, a portable closed-loop brain computer interface for seizure control was developed and shown with several aspects of advantages,...
Baseline neurodynamics are believed to play an important role in normal brain function. A potentially intrinsic property of the brain is the weak coupling between networks at rest, which enables it to be flexible, adapt, process novel stimuli, and learn. Brain regions become differentially coordinated in response to cognitive task and behavior demands and external stimuli. However, abnormally synchronized...
Penicillin-induced focal epilepsy is a well-known model in epilepsy research. In this model, epileptic activity is generated by delivering penicillin focally to the cortex. The drug induces interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) spikes which evolve in time and may later change to ictal discharges. This paper proposes a method for automatic classification of these interictal epileptic spikes using...
Recent research in brain-machine interfaces and devices to treat neurological disease indicate that important network activity exists at temporal and spatial scales beyond the resolution of existing implantable devices. We present innovations in both hardware and software that allow sampling and interpretation of data from brain networks from hundreds or thousands of sensors at submillimeter resolution...
Routine electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important test in aiding the diagnosis of patients with suspected epilepsy. These recordings typically last 20-40 minutes, during which signs of abnormal activity (spikes, sharp waves) are looked for in the EEG trace. It is essential that events of short duration are detected during the routine EEG test. The work presented in this paper examines the effect...
A novel real-time patient-specific algorithm to predict epileptic seizures is proposed. The method is based on the analysis of the positive zero-crossing intervals in the scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), describing the brain dynamics. In a moving-window analysis, the histogram of these intervals in each EEG epoch is computed, and the distribution of the histogram value in specific bins, selected...
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