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Items from 21 to 40 out of 2,001,282 results

article

Correcting misclassification errors in crowdsourced ecological data: A Bayesian perspective

Edgar Santos‐Fernandez, Erin E. Peterson, Julie Vercelloni, Em Rushworth, more

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics) > 70 > 1 > 147 - 173

Many research domains use data elicited from ‘citizen scientists’ when a direct measure of a process is expensive or infeasible. However, participants may report incorrect estimates or classifications due to their lack of skill. We demonstrate how Bayesian hierarchical models can be used to learn about latent variables of interest, while accounting for the participants’ abilities. The model is described...

article

Annual Dialysis Conference Presented by: The Karl Nolph, MD, Division of Nephrology March 5–7, 2021 AnnualDialysisConference.org

Hemodialysis International > 25 > 1 > A1 - A14

article

Should serum potassium levels be routinely checked after the last dialysis of the week and before the first dialysis of the week?

Sumanth Kacharam, Matthew R. Lynch, Douglas Shemin, Julian Gary Abuelo

Hemodialysis International > 25 > 1 > 142 - 144

article

A Bayesian approach for determining player abilities in football

Gavin A. Whitaker, Ricardo Silva, Daniel Edwards, Ioannis Kosmidis

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics) > 70 > 1 > 174 - 201

We consider the task of determining a football player’s ability for a given event type, for example, scoring a goal. We propose an interpretable Bayesian model which is fit using variational inference methods. We implement a Poisson model to capture occurrences of event types, from which we infer player abilities. Our approach also allows the visualisation of differences between players, for a specific...

article

Branching patterns in phylogenies cannot distinguish diversity‐dependent diversification from time‐dependent diversification

Théo Pannetier, César Martinez, Lynsey Bunnefeld, Rampal S. Etienne

Evolution > 75 > 1 > 25 - 38

One of the primary goals of macroevolutionary biology has been to explain general trends in long‐term diversity patterns, including whether such patterns correspond to an upscaling of processes occurring at lower scales. Reconstructed phylogenies often show decelerated lineage accumulation over time. This pattern has often been interpreted as the result of diversity‐dependent (DD) diversification,...

article

Issue information ‐ Ed Board

Evolution > 75 > 1 > 1 - 3

article

Haldane's rule in the placenta: Sex‐biased misregulation of the Kcnq1 imprinting cluster in hybrid mice

Lena Arévalo, Sarah Gardner, Polly Campbell

Evolution > 75 > 1 > 86 - 100

Hybrid phenotypes that contribute to postzygotic reproductive isolation often exhibit pronounced asymmetry, both between reciprocal crosses and between the sexes in accordance with Haldane's rule. Inviability in mammalian hybrids is associated with parent‐of‐origin placental growth abnormalities for which misregulation of imprinted gene (IGs) is the leading candidate mechanism. However, direct evidence...

article

Evolution in alternating environments with tunable interlandscape correlations

Jeff Maltas, Douglas M. McNally, Kevin B. Wood

Evolution > 75 > 1 > 10 - 24

Natural populations are often exposed to temporally varying environments. Evolutionary dynamics in varying environments have been extensively studied, although understanding the effects of varying selection pressures remains challenging. Here, we investigate how cycling between a pair of statistically related fitness landscapes affects the evolved fitness of an asexually reproducing population. We...

article

Temporal biodiversity change following disturbance varies along an environmental gradient

Elina Kaarlejärvi, Maija Salemaa, Tiina Tonteri, Päivi Merilä, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 30 > 2 > 476 - 489

Aim The diversity and composition of natural communities are rapidly changing due to anthropogenic disturbances. Magnitude of this compositional reorganization varies across the globe, but reasons behind the variation remain largely unknown. Disturbances induce temporal turnover by stimulating species colonizations, causing local extinctions, altering dominance structure, or all of these. We test...

article

Pantropical variability in tree crown allometry

Grace Jopaul Loubota Panzou, Adeline Fayolle, Tommaso Jucker, Oliver L. Phillips, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 30 > 2 > 459 - 475

Aim Tree crowns determine light interception, carbon and water exchange. Thus, understanding the factors causing tree crown allometry to vary at the tree and stand level matters greatly for the development of future vegetation modelling and for the calibration of remote sensing products. Nevertheless, we know little about large‐scale variation and determinants in tropical tree crown allometry. In...

article

Climate‐driven conifer mortality in Siberia

Viacheslav I. Kharuk, Sergei T. Im, Il’ya A. Petrov, Maria L. Dvinskaya, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 30 > 2 > 543 - 556

Aim An increase in conifer mortality has been observed widely across the boreal forest biome. We investigate the causes of this mortality, in addition to the geospatial and temporal dynamics of mortality, in Siberian pine and fir stands. Location Central Siberia. Time period 1950–2018. Major taxa studied Pinus sibirica Du Tour and Abies sibirica Ledeb. Methods We used geospatial analysis...

article

Caught in a bottleneck: Habitat loss for woolly mammoths in central North America and the ice‐free corridor during the last deglaciation

Yue Wang, Chris Widga, Russell W. Graham, Jenny L. McGuire, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 30 > 2 > 527 - 542

Aim Identifying how climate change, habitat loss, and corridors interact to influence species survival or extinction is critical to understanding macro‐scale biodiversity dynamics under changing environments. In North America, the ice‐free corridor was the only major pathway for northward migration by megafaunal species during the last deglaciation. However, the timing and interplay among the late...

article

Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among second‐line hormonal therapy for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A real‐world evidence study

Jui‐Ming Liu, Cheng‐Chia Lin, Miao‐Fen Chen, Kuan‐Lin Liu, more

The Prostate > 81 > 3 > 194 - 201

Background To evaluate the possible major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) associated with second‐line hormonal therapy in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Methods We performed a population‐based real‐world cohort study of 4962 prostate cancer patients between 2014 and 2017 utilizing the Chang Gung Research Database of Taiwan. The second‐line hormonal therapies...

article

Prostate and testicular growth analysis in human fetuses during the second gestational trimester

Natasha T. Logsdon, Carla M. Gallo, Rodrigo S. Pires, Francisco J. Sampaio, more

The Prostate > 81 > 3 > 214 - 219

Background The second gestational trimester is a very important period for male genital development. We analyzed the testicular and prostatic volume growth and compared them to the biometric parameters in human fetuses. Methods We studied 64 testes and 32 prostates from 32 fetuses, aged 10–22 weeks postconception. Fetuses were evaluated regarding total length, crown‐rump length, and bodyweight...

article

TALEN‐mediated generation of Nkx3.1 knockout rat model

Ji Min Lee, Ukjin Kim, Hyokyung Yang, Bokyeong Ryu, more

The Prostate > 81 > 3 > 182 - 193

Background Recent developments in gene editing, using transcriptional activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs), have greatly helped the generation of genetically engineered animal models. The NK3 homeobox 1 (NKX3.1) protein plays important roles in prostate development and protein production, and functions as a tumor suppressor. Recently, NKX3.1 was shown to be associated with breast cancer in...

article

Prostate cancer C5a receptor expression and augmentation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and PD‐L1 expression by C5a

Ryuji Imamura, Saki Kitagawa, Tatsuko Kubo, Atsushi Irie, more

The Prostate > 81 > 3 > 147 - 156

Background The treatment of castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a urological issue. Recent studies have revealed cancer promotion via the C5a–C5a receptor (C5aR) system. To establish a new therapeutic target for CRPC, we investigated an association of the system with CRPC progression and evasion from the antitumor immune responses. Methods C5aR and PD‐L1 were immunostained in the prostate...

article

Solid Flow in Rotary Drums with Sectional Internals: An Experimental Investigation

Joscha Priessen, Thomas Kreutzer, Gizem Irgat, Malte Behrens, more

Chemical Engineering & Technology > 44 > 2 > 300 - 309

The influence of different internal geometries on the solid flow in rotary drums under variation of the operational parameters feed rate, slope, and rotational speed is investigated. Four different configurations of a fully optically accessible lab‐scale rotary drum are analyzed. The internals are built as sectional compartments of the cross section, referring to industrial applications. The axial...

article

Evaluation of Tensile Adhesion Strength in Simulated Dust Cakes on Fabric Filters

Qian Zhang, David Horst, Eberhard Schmidt

Chemical Engineering & Technology > 44 > 2 > 359 - 364

Based on the results of a 3D simulation of cake formation on characteristic filter models for fabric filters with different surface structure, the tensile adhesion strengths in simulated dust cakes are evaluated on the basis of the resulting inhomogeneous local porosity distribution of the particle packing by calculating fracture points at a balance between adhesion and detaching strengths. Both the...

article

Does digital content marketing affect tourism consumer behavior? An extension of technology acceptance model

Viju Mathew, Mohammad Soliman

Journal of Consumer Behaviour > 20 > 1 > 61 - 75

With the rapidly dramatic environmental change and intensive competition, tourism organisations are required to adopt advanced marketing strategies and techniques. Recently, digital content marketing (DCM) has become one of the most prominent marketing tools that has substantial benefits and influences in different settings and domains. To this end, it is crucial to understand the effect of DCM on...

article

Synchronous clear cell renal cell carcinoma and clonal plasmacytoid cell infiltration: A case report and literature review

Taishi Takahara, Akira Satou, Toyonori Tsuzuki

Pathology International > 71 > 1 > 88 - 95

Recent studies of tumor microenvironments have revealed that clonal B cells reacting to tumor‐derived antigens play an important role in anti‐tumor immunity. We report a case of a 72‐year‐old Japanese man with a complaint of fever for 1 month. Computed tomography revealed a 48 mm mass in his right kidney. The patient underwent a right nephrectomy and histology revealed clear cell renal cell carcinoma...

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Correcting misclassification errors in crowdsourced ecological data: A Bayesian perspective

Annual Dialysis Conference Presented by: The Karl Nolph, MD, Division of Nephrology March 5–7, 2021 AnnualDialysisConference.org

Should serum potassium levels be routinely checked after the last dialysis of the week and before the first dialysis of the week?

A Bayesian approach for determining player abilities in football

Branching patterns in phylogenies cannot distinguish diversity‐dependent diversification from time‐dependent diversification

Issue information ‐ Ed Board

Haldane's rule in the placenta: Sex‐biased misregulation of the Kcnq1 imprinting cluster in hybrid mice

Evolution in alternating environments with tunable interlandscape correlations

Temporal biodiversity change following disturbance varies along an environmental gradient

Pantropical variability in tree crown allometry

Climate‐driven conifer mortality in Siberia

Caught in a bottleneck: Habitat loss for woolly mammoths in central North America and the ice‐free corridor during the last deglaciation

Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among second‐line hormonal therapy for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A real‐world evidence study

Prostate and testicular growth analysis in human fetuses during the second gestational trimester

TALEN‐mediated generation of Nkx3.1 knockout rat model

Prostate cancer C5a receptor expression and augmentation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and PD‐L1 expression by C5a

Solid Flow in Rotary Drums with Sectional Internals: An Experimental Investigation

Evaluation of Tensile Adhesion Strength in Simulated Dust Cakes on Fabric Filters

Does digital content marketing affect tourism consumer behavior? An extension of technology acceptance model

Synchronous clear cell renal cell carcinoma and clonal plasmacytoid cell infiltration: A case report and literature review

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