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This paper discusses the impact of calendar ageing on the anode and the concentration of lithium ions in the anode structure. It discusses the modeling of the calendar ageing, its implementation in the 3D First Principle Based Degradation Model (3DM) of the battery and the results that were observed as a result of calendar ageing over a period of 4–6 years. The paper also relates these physical degradation...
To solve the simulation convergence problem of Silicon Carbide metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (SiC MOSFET) models, this paper proposes a non-segmented model for SiC MOSFETs, which uses non-segmented, smooth continuous equations to describe the static and dynamic characteristics of SiC MOSFET. Further, the static characteristic of SiC MOSFET obtained by the non-segmented model is...
Ferrite chokes are often applied to suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI) in power converters. In this paper, an improved ferrite choke RLC model and its parameters determination method are proposed. The improved ferrite choke RLC model can overcome the limitation of the existing RLC model in the low frequency band, and the proposed parameters determination method can calculate the values of...
In this paper multiple feedback(FB) active filter configurations for DM EMI noise in the input side of AC/DC converters has been analyzed using developed models and then their performance was compared over single FB active filters using measurements. First, a single FB active filter circuit model is developed in the open loop and then based on DM EMI noise model of AC/DC converters, a closed loop...
Real-time simulation of modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC is one of the most important and difficult technologies in the area of power electronics research. This paper presents a methodology for the hardware in loop (HIL) CPU/FPGA-based real-time simulation of a one-terminal MMC HVDC of up to 468 levels using a detailed equivalent model, and the simulation system is based on full-scale...
The parameters of the resistance model are obtained through various experiments under different lamp power in this study. Polynomial fitting curves are obtained for these parameters to get the values under some certain lamp power. Then simulations in PSIM are conducted by using the calculated values to verify the reliability and accuracy of the method adopted. Good agreement is obtained between the...
UV-lamp driver especially for radiation at 253.7nm plays an important role in sewage treatment. In this paper, characteristics of the excitation of mercury atoms in the lamp are investigated deeply based on both theoretical knowledge on collision and experimental results on relationship between the irradiance at 253.7nm with the lamp power. An optimization design scheme is proposed to prolong the...
This paper proposes an interleaved partial power converter (PPC) for the DC-DC conversion stage of electric vehicles (EVs) fast charging stations. The proposed converter topology is based on the H-bridge DC-DC converter. PPC allows the converter to process only a fraction of the total power, the rest being bypassed and directly supplied to the load. This increases the converter efficiency, as only...
This paper presents the development and validation of a physics-based compact model of IGCT for application in optimization of circuit parameters and GCT wafer design. The model proposed can simulate aspects of high-voltage IGCTs including impact ionization. It uses a Fourier series solution for the ambipolar diffusion equation in the base region. The model's simulation results are validated by comparision...
This paper proposes a method for zero-crossing approximation of a band-limited sinusoidal signal embedded by a white Gaussian noise-like distortion. It consists of passive low-pass filter and dynamic-hysteresis comparator circuits. Simplicity and wide dynamic range are the main goal of the proposed approach. Theoretical calculations were formulated to select proper circuit components values. Simulation...
This paper presents a new four-quadrant bridgeless boost type rectifier with the use of Active Virtual Ground (AVG) technology. The presented topology can step up the AC grid voltage to a regulated DC voltage under a stable bidirectional current flow with real power or reactive power delivery. By using bridgeless rectifier configuration and 3-level switching method, only two high frequency switches...
In recent type tests, a 252kV SF6 self-blast circuit breaker re-ignites several times after interruption. In order to solve this problem, through CFD simulation of the gas flow field in the interrupter on load, the pressure, temperature and velocity after current zero are analyzed carefully. The conclusion is that, due to the upstream pressure decreased quickly after current zero and will lower than...
Recently, the self-blast principle of extinguishing the arc by the blast pressure which is generated by the arc itself has been widely applied to the high voltage circuit breaker. In the self-blast principle, the pressure relief valve fitted on the piston is opened to release excessive pressure in the compression volume during high current interruption. The design of the pressure relief valve operation...
The single event transients (SETs) are a common source of malfunction in nano-scale CMOS integrated circuits. For this reason, evaluation of the SET effects and application of appropriate measures for their mitigation are fundamental tasks in the design of advanced radiation hardened integrated circuits. In general, SET analysis is based on the multi-scale modeling and simulation approach comprising...
Based on the reflection and refraction of traveling waves and vacuum circuit breaker(VCB) characteristics, transformers interruption by VCB may produce current chopping and re-ignition that will cause severe high-frequency transient overvoltages in collection grid of offshore wind farms(OWFs). In such applications, overvoltages protection should be used. In order to study such overvoltage in OWFs,...
As a key component of DC medium voltage breaker, the switch mechanism is required to open in high-speed and can withstand the breaking voltage which is generated during opening motion. Thus, the design of driving circuit of switch mechanism is very important to optimize the mechanism structure and improve mechanism opening characteristics. First the motion principle of high-speed switch was given...
Due to the absence of a natural current zero crossing in breaking process of a DC system, DC breakers have to dissipate the large amount of residual energy which is stored in the inductance in the system. ZnO arresters are used for switching over-voltage preventing and residual energy absorption. A dynamic simulated model of HVDC vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) with forced current zero based on PSCAD...
Numeric simulation and experiment comparison were used to determine the component parameter of GIS which have also provided a dynamic circuit model. The physical process of arc re-ignition is studied based on the theory of arc energy conservation in this paper. Mayr-Schwarz arc equation is applied to establish the model of arc resistance model. A new transient circuit model which simulated disconnector...
Interruption of short circuit currents in high voltage circuit breakers requires high SF6 gas pressure, which can be generated by compression of SF6 gas and/or energy transfer from the arc. The pressure difference between circuit breaker chambers causes SF6 gas flow. The rise of pressure in the chambers is highly dependent on the design of the circuit breaker. This paper presents a universal approach...
The goal of this paper is to provide a forum to discuss design activity from two different perspectives: industrial design and electrical engineering. We start with a general overview of design activity as defined by Larson and Dorst[1]. Next, perspectives on design are presented by two of the paper's authors, specifically in the following areas: identifying and framing design problems, design representations,...
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