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Context-aware information retrieval received a significant attention last years. This paper addresses some of the challenges in context acquisition. It is focused on a method for inference of unavailable contextual information using machine learning. The method for context inference is based on observed behaviour of individual user and virtual communities of similar users. We work with contextual...
The ramp-up process is a significant bottleneck during the development of manufacturing systems. The effort and time required to ramp-up a system is largely dependent on the effectiveness of the human decision making process to select the most promising action and improve the system. Although existing work has identified significant factors influencing ramp-up performance, little has been done to...
Semantic similarity measures aim at computing a value that represents to what extent two semantic resources are similar. This paper proposes an extension of a semantic similarity measure for large linked data sources such as DBPedia. In order to evaluate and compare similarity measures, an experiment is described to collect human evaluations of the similarity between pairs of movies. A correlation...
Space-filling visualization techniques have proved their capability in visualizing large hierarchical structured data. However, most existing techniques restrict their partitioning process in vertical and horizontal direction only, which cause problem with identifying hierarchical structures. According to Gestalt research, limiting tree map visualisation to rectangles blocks the utilisation of human...
Convolutional neural network models have covered a broad scope of computer vision applications, achieving competitive performance with minimal domain knowledge. In this work, we apply such a model to a task designed to deter automated systems. We trained a convolutional neural network to distinguish between images of human faces from computer generated avatars as part of the ICMLA 2012 Face Recognition...
Captchas are frequently used on the modern world wide web to differentiate human users from automated bots by giving tests that are easy for humans to answer but difficult or impossible for algorithms. As artificial intelligence algorithms have improved, new types of Captchas have had to be developed. Recent work has proposed a new system called Avatar Captcha, in which a user is asked to distinguish...
A significant proportion of Web traffic is now attributed to Web robots, and this proportion is likely to grow over time. These robots may threaten the security, privacy, functionality, and performance of a Web server due to their unregulated crawling behavior. Therefore, to assess their impact, it must be possible to accurately detect Web robot requests. Contemporary detection approaches, however,...
An important task of aging research is to find genes that regulate lifespan. Wet-lab identification of aging genes is tedious and labor-intensive activity. Developing an algorithm to predict aging genes will be greatly helpful. In this paper, we systematically analyzed topological features of proteins encoded by Drosophila melanogaster aging genes versus those encoded by non-aging genes in protein-protein...
Web entities are the building blocks of human knowledge and users are making decisions among vast varieties of entities. For example, recommendation systems generate lists of entities to users, but seldom show the reasons of recommendation such as the uniqueness of each item to assist user decision making. In this paper, we mathematically define Web entity uniqueness and uniqueness patterns, based...
Tandem repeats in DNA sequences are extremely relevant in biological phenomena and diagnostic tools. Computational programs that discover these tandem repeats generate a huge volume of data, which is often difficult to decipher without further organization. In this paper, we describe a new method for post-processing tandem repeats through clustering. Our work presents multiple ways of expressing tandem...
We are now developing a Japanese speaking test called SCAT, which is part of J-CAT (Japanese Computerized Adaptive Test), a free online proficiency test for Japanese language learners. In this paper, we focus on the sentence-reading-aloud task and the sentence generation task in SCAT, and propose an automatic scoring method for estimating the overall score of answer speech, which is holistically determined...
In this paper, we explore the retrieval of perceptually similar audio. It focuses on finding sounds according to human perceptions. Thus such retrieval is more “human-centered” [1] than previous audio retrievals which intend to find homologous sounds. We make comprehensive use of various acoustic features to measure the perceptual similarity. Since some acoustic features may be redundant or even adverse...
Internet has become the largest repository for documents. PDF documents distribution through Internet is prevalent, as the cost is almost zero. At present, files are mostly downloaded from the Internet and users go through cursorily over entire document and then they decide to store it in their hard disk or not. To facilitate the user-document interaction, a novel document distribution technique is...
Robots designed for navigation use one or more of the three basic locomotion configurations viz rotational devices such as wheels or crawler tracks, legs and articulated bodies. In this paper we present the design and characterization of a hybrid locomotion mechanism for mobile robots navigating in unstructured and possibly treacherous environments. We fuse the advantages offered by the three classes...
The objective of human re-identification is to recognize a specific individual on different locations and to determine whether an individual has already appeared. This is especially in multi-camera networks with non-overlapping fields of view of interest. However, this is still an unsolved computer vision task due to several challenges, e.g. significant changes of appearance of humans as well as different...
Significant improvements have been recently achieved in both quality and realism of computer generated characters, which are nowadays often very difficult to be distinguished from real ones. However, generating highly realistic facial expressions is still a challenging issue, since synthetic expressions usually follow a repetitive pattern, while in natural faces the same expression is usually produced...
A method is described for preventing unauthorized copying of information shown on a display. It utilizes the difference in spectral sensitivity between humans and imaging devices. A near-infrared light source, which has no effect on human vision, is installed in front of an existing display to corrupt the content of photographs taken of the display. Testing using a prototype implementation demonstrated...
This paper aims to answer the questions whether human height measurement from video is affected by human motion and how accurately human static height can be measured from a video or from a single image frame that captures a walking subject. In this paper, we present a new approach for measuring human height based on the cross ratio. This approach is performed in parallel with the vanishing point...
This paper introduces a novel image quality metric that outperforms other existing and widely used metrics, namely the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). While objective methods for assessing perceptual image quality to quantify the visibility of errors between a distorted image and a reference image have got utmost importance nowadays, none of the proposed metrics are completely satisfactory. Structural...
This paper considers the problem of inferring the dimensions of non-visible body parts from images of incomplete bodies. This situation often occurs in CCTV videos of crowded scenes where people are mostly occluded. The approach we present relies on the ability to measure an observable body part which correlates to a missing body part. Anthropometric regression equations are then used to predict the...
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