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A market-based control approach is presented for the control of power flow within an electric ship. The proposed control method consists of an artificial market in which various actors (a consumer and firms) behave according to microeconomic principles. Each piece of equipment within the engineering plant will behave as a firm, attempting to maximize its profit. The commanding officer will behave...
Previous approaches for early-stage shipboard-power-system simulation were driven by a need to perform time-domain simulation during the early design stage and included an internal idealized representation of the control system. Herein, the reduced-order physical model of the power system is combined with an independent representation of the control system. This allows the benefits of faster simulation...
Considering the issues of high electric power demand of various loads including propulsion load and pulsed load, energy storage system has become a vital part of the electric shipboard. In order to meet the transient and steady power demand of the medium voltage direct current (MVDC) power system of the all electric ship (AES), a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of a battery as high...
In this paper, a distributed control structure is presented for a nonlinear Medium-Voltage DC (MVDC) Shipboard Power System (SPS). Distributed control architecture has the advantages of less computational burden, high flexibility, and a good error tolerance. In this framework, each subsystem is controlled by a model predictive controller using local state variables and parameters, and also interaction...
In this paper, we design a controller using H infinity control theory and examine its frequency fluctuation suppressing performance in a small-scale system composed of real machines. The introduction of distributed power sources such as solar power generation and other sources of natural energy into smart power grids has been increasing in recent years. However, given that the amount of power generated...
Pulsed power loads present a difficult scenario for ship power systems to handle. Loads such as radar or energy weapons often demand a large amount of power in a short amount of time. This creates issues for the generators that supply the power to these loads due to the ramp rate constraints. By incorporating energy storage and combining the energy producers and users into a single power system, the...
The Electric Ship Research and Development Consortium (ESRDC) conducted an extensive design exercise using the Smart Ship Systems Design (S3D) tool with the goal of exercising and improving the functionality of the S3D design environment currently under development by the ESRDC. S3D is a design environment that enables concurrent, multi-disciplinary collaboration and that introduces simulation capability...
In this paper, a reconfiguration method based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) is proposed for a nonlinear Medium-Voltage DC Shipboard Power System. By applying the proposed MPC approach, the reconfiguration is formulated as an optimization problem with respect to operating constraints and also the priorities of loads. The loads are categorized as vital loads, semi-vital loads, and non-vital loads...
In a Smart Grid environment measurements from remote sensors are telemetered to control centers and serve as input to many energy management applications. This, on one hand, has increased efficiency and reliability but at the same time has left the system exposed to cyber threats. This paper reviews the possibilities of such attacks and the impacts these might have on different power system operations...
A literature review on applications of biologically inspired algorithms such as Differential evolution (DE), Invasive weed optimization (IWO), Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA), Firefly algorithm (FA) and Krill herd algorithm (KHA) has been presented. Economic dispatch (ED) is one of the key optimization problems in operation of power system. Aim of the ED problem is optimal allocation of power demand...
As strongly nonlinear, dynamic, multidimensional and large scale systems, power systems in operation are always influenced by the external and internal disturbances; and thus the serious threat to stable operation of systems exists. In this paper, based on the three order mathematical model of single machine infinite systems with valve control and under the conditions that systems have unknown damping...
An increased share of variable speed wind turbines reduces the inertia of the power system due to the decoupling of mechanical rotor frequency and grid frequency. In the recent years, a lot of research has been done about exploitation of the rotating mass of a wind turbine for participation in the primary frequency regulation of the power system. This paper proposes a linearized general variable speed...
We formulate the economic dispatch problem of generating unit population over a multi-time interval. In this paper, we will propose a coordination method by applying the gradient projection method. This method can solve the economic dispatch problem considering ramping rate limits of generating units over a multi-time interval. Due to the decoupling relationship among the admissible sets of coordination...
Prototyping and proper testing of the electrical control unit of more electric aircraft (MEA) under various load profiles and fault conditions is necessary to ensure the performance of the controller. In order to solve the problems such as complicated operation, high experiment cost and long development period in aircraft power system traditional test method, this paper presents a semi-physical real-time...
In a large ship, Power Management System (PMS) which manages power system should be tested in various operating conditions and fault situations. During its function tests, the PMS should be connected to the ship's power system. However, the test has limitations due to cost, test condition and safety. In this paper, a control Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) system is proposed for the function...
In the last years a great interest has been paid in the relevant literature to the benefits deriving from the use of direct current for ship power systems. This is in compliance with the most recent concept about all-electric-ship and smart electrical distribution for achieving better performances by exploiting as far as possible the potentiality of integrated power systems. In this context the storage...
This paper examines and discusses the prospects and barriers to renewable energy investment in Kenya. The paper analyzes the national energy context, electricity market design, available energy resources, as well as the policies and regulatory framework of the energy sector. In the end, measures to ensure successful integration of renewables to the country's power system and electricity market while...
Many energy systems rely on natural gas to fulfil their energy demand. In particular, natural gas is often used in the heating sectors as well as for electrical generation. In such systems, a comprehensive analysis of the system's resilience must account for the interdependencies between the electricity, heat, and gas sectors. Furthermore, the development of different gas supply sources can impact...
A TSO is responsible for system security and reliability and therefore it has to ensure the correct operation of new WAMS applications before it can make operational decisions based on the applications. The power system may have different power flow patterns and it is used with different grid topologies and generator connections, and the applications have to perform in these different circumstances...
The described work analyses the issue related to the application of a nodal pricing methodology to the Italian power system. If on one side the nodal pricing methodology has proven to be the best possible solution for electric energy, on the other side the application to the Italian power system introduces some problems. This paper presents the peculiarity of application to the Italian real time balancing...
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