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The inherent variability of wind generation may 1) increase the operating costs of the conventional generators used to follow the net load not supplied by wind capacity (i.e. due to additional ramping costs), and 2) increase the amount of reserve conventional generating capacity needed to maintain Operating Reliability. For customers, the higher operating costs for conventional generators caused by...
This paper proposes a simple, yet rigorous, model for MW dependent ramp rates. The model is formulated as mixed linear integer constraints, and is appropriate for Unit Commitment and multi-interval dispatch formulations used by Independent System Operators (ISO) and self-scheduled generators in electricity markets. 5-bus examples are used to demonstrate the value of the proposed model, as it guarantees...
Active distribution networks have the capability to allow the distributed energy resources integration at reasonable costs, opening new business opportunities. Although the sharing of responsibility among the system stakeholders (e.g., the Civil Society, the DSO and DER owners) is essential, undeniably they pursue different, and sometimes opposite goals. The authors, by adopting multi objective programming...
A common practice for the Ex Post LMP calculation at a number of US ISOs uses a small constant range, typically from -2.0 MW to +0.1 MW, as each generator's lower and upper bounds. However, this paper shows that this common practice lacks theoretic justification and may lead to inconsistent results. For example, if the ex post dispatch results are identical to the ex ante dispatch schedules, it is...
Fixed demands for electricity are incorporated into a game theoretic model of strategic generators who are supplied by a fuel transportation network and produce power for a congested electricity transportation network governed by an independent system operator. Some counter-intuitive effects on measures of market power result from reducing the proportion of demands that are fixed rather than price-sensitive...
Electricity infrastructure touches us all - the key challenge, pertinent to this panel session, is to enable secure and very high-confidence sensing, communication and control of a heterogeneous, widely dispersed, yet globally interconnected system, which is a serious technological problem in any case. It is even more complex and difficult to control it for optimal efficiency and maximum benefit to...
Flywheel-based energy storage is being introduced on a large scale (20 MW) for providing grid frequency regulation in deregulated markets. The ISOs have already introduced, or are in the process of introducing, market rules and tariffs to comply with FERC Order No. 890 to allow new competitive technologies to participate in the markets. Analysis of more than one year of operating data shows flywheel-based...
The ability of the liberalised energy markets to trigger investment in the generation capacity required to maintain an acceptable level of security of supply risk has been - and will continue to be - a topic of much debate. Modelling the dynamics of investment in generation capacity can inform this debate. More precisely, if investment is viewed as a negative feedback control mechanism with energy...
Grid operation under market competition forces systems closer to their instability boundaries, and operating decisions must be based on accurate online system identifications. This paper presents a new framework for online power system dynamic stability enhancement with a new rescheduling market construction. The approach is to solve the online transient and oscillatory stability constrained economic...
This paper proposes a stochastic time-series based method to simulate the volatility of intermittent renewable generation and distributed storage devices along timeline. The proposed method can calculate the optimal timeline for different electricity markets and power systems. In practice, the proposed method is potentially useful for designing market rules and evaluating different design options...
In this paper, we define the portfolio of a generation company as the coordination of a set of generation units, which differ in production cost, capacity, and geographical location. A portfolio allows a generation company to coordinate its generators to bid strategically to earn profit more than what can be achieved without coordination. In a constrained transmission network, for example, a generation...
This paper proposes a new mechanism to give added incentive to invest in new capacities in deregulated electricity markets. An optimization problem to maximize long term social welfare includes binary variables for the building of new facilities, and continuous variables for generation, i.e. the model is a mixed integer nonlinear program. The new mechanism also includes a new approach to calculate...
In electricity market environment, power generation, transmission and consumption become self-governed economy entities. The change of supply and demand for these market partners can result in the need for automatic generation control (AGC) ancillary service. So the AGC cost should be allocated among them. In our country, the amount of AGC is ascertained on the base of the control area, it is difficult...
In the current US day-ahead electricity markets, auction is complicated because of the existence of both discrete variables and continuous variables, which implies that there may be no linear prices to support equilibrium. To meet the system demand, the Independent System Operator (ISO) uses lump sum “uplift payments” to make generators follow its schedule. However, these uplift payments are opaque...
Offshore wind power is spreading rapidly, even in zones where exploitation was considered unprofitable so far. Connection of offshore wind farms to the transmission network presents some challenges that needs be addressed. This paper investigates the effectiveness of exploiting generator power factor control for reactive power exchange regulation. The technical and economical feasibility of this control...
The presentation will show a history of past deployments over the past 4 years. For selected events, we will discuss curtailment duration and the reason that triggered these deployments. A specific event that we will discuss occurred in February 2008 when ERCOT experienced a dramatic increase in load combined with a large drop in wind generation, which led to a system-wide deployment of Load Resources...
Electricity markets are currently evolving to accommodate large scale penetration of wind generation. In this research, potential changes to the classification and role of wind generators in the Single Electricity Market (SEM), the market for Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, are examined. The effect of wind generators opting to become price-making and the potential for wind generators...
In the open access restructured power market, it is necessary to develop an appropriate pricing scheme that can provide the useful economic information to market participants, such as generation, transmission companies and customers. The present work addresses the problem of allocating the cost of the transmission network to generators and demands using a real coded Genetic Algorithm(GA). To redistribute...
In an open electricity market, generation companies (GENCO) have to optimally bid to gain more profits with incomplete information of other competing generators. In this structure, market participants must develop their bids in order to maximize their profits. Building optimal bidding strategies for GENCO could need to evaluate some market parameters such as forecasting market-clearing price (MCP),...
With the development of electric market, the interconnecting electric power system, whose purposes gradually transfer to market. And how to obtain the biggest economic performance becomes the main contents of study, and this brings up more and more high request for the problem solving. With consideration of the characteristics, the article introduces the genetic algorithm to the study of economic...
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