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Reliability is a major concern for power systems that involve different types of uncertainty, including notably contingencies and intermittent wind generation. Contingency-constrained unit commitment satisfying the “N − 1 rule” is extremely complex, and the issue is now compounded by the drastic increase in intermittent wind generation. This paper develops a novel interval optimization approach for...
A smart grid is an interdependent system of its electricity network and data communication network. Failures in either of networks could cause cascading failures to both networks and threaten the stability of the whole smart grid system. The interdependence between a power grid and a communication network can be represented using graph theory as unidirectional or directional inter-edges that connect...
In this paper we propose a robust method to determine, allocate and price the contingency reserves required to fully comply with N-1 security criteria in real-time operations. Unlike the traditional fixed reserve requirement, the method identifies adequate reserves in terms of type, quantity and location, needed to respond to expected generation outages. The provision of energy and responsive reserves...
In this paper we design a cooperative control scheme for a wind Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) with an integrated energy storage. The proposed control scheme can enable the wind generator to provide new advanced capabilities and support to the grid. More specifically, we design a controller for the rotor side converter (RSC) that guarantees maximum power point tracking (MPPT) while the controller...
With increasing renewable energy resources, price-sensitive loads, and electric-vehicle charging stations in the power grid, uncertainties on both power generation and consumption sides become critical factors in Security-Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) problem. Recently, min-max robust optimization approaches are employed to solve SCUC problem. A novel robust SCUC approach is proposed in this...
We address an optimal control problem for a microgrid in islanded operation with bounded uncertain load and renewable infeed. While model predictive control (MPC) with worst-case cost evaluation is often employed to obtain robust optimal control laws in the presence of bounded disturbances, it suffers from an inherent conservativeness. To counteract this phenomenon, we propose an approximate closed-loop...
In this paper, the problem of robust set invariance and contractivity with respect to discrete-time dynamical systems is investigated. In contrast to the usual approach consisting in describing regions of system's space by their border surfaces, a dual description of sets in terms of a generator matrix and a, generally nonlinear, generating function is proposed. This leads to the establishment of...
This paper presents a circuitry for physically unclonable function, generating a unique and stable key for security-oriented applications. The key is generated from an array of pairs of voltage-compensated proportional-to-absolute-temperature generators. The difference between two analog outputs of a pair is voltage- and temperature-compensated yet sensitive mostly only to random threshold-voltage...
We describe an adapted robust control technique for analyzing microgrid stability under the uncertainty of renewable sources and loads. Two realistic case studies are presented to demonstrate the method's effectiveness as a tool for system design and analysis. Results show that the method is able to provide a non-trivial lower bound for the minimum damping ratio of the system, and can find the unstable...
In this paper, we use a novel multi-bit minimum error replacement with flexible bit location (multi-bit MER_FBL) embedding method to perform watermarking for embedding multi-bit logo images into the JPEG2000 data stream. The novel multi-bit MER_FBL embedding method embeds multi-bit logo data into the JPEG2000 data stream after quantizing the DWT coefficients. Because the proposed embedding method...
When performing transient stability simulations or studies to examine the dynamic frequency behavior of large electric transmission systems, a detailed dynamic model of the system is used to evaluate the time domain behavior after specific events (e.g. short circuits or fast load changes). When dealing with large power systems with a large number of synchronous generators, the simulation durations...
Equilibrium analysis of electricity market is of great importance not only for market operator and regulator to investigate the market power and other relevant issues, but also vital for market participants to determine the bidding strategies to maximize their own profits. Among different equilibrium models, Cournot model is widely used due to its explicit economic meaning and relatively high computation...
The work presented in this paper deals with a method for designing a robust damping controller for STATCOM to place all the eigenvalues within a specified contour in the s-plane. The designed controller uses computed Thevenin voltage as input and attempts to make the system robust over wide range of operating conditions. The controller parameters are tuned by using nonlinear constrained optimization...
Due to transmission and other constraints, competitive electricity markets are oligopoly instead of perfectly competitive. Hence, Gencos are required to bid strategically to get more profit but the rivals complete information is not available. A strategic producer is considered who trades in day-ahead electricity market with imperfect information of rivals obtained from the historical data. Using...
This paper presents a Via programmable read only memory (Via-ROM) for Vmin and macro-yield enhancement through robust ROM designs based on 45nm process. The main stability issues in ROM are 1) lower on-cell (NMOS) current, 2) higher keeper (PMOS) current, and 3) higher bit-line (BL) parasitic value. To improve the Vmin and macro-yield, the robust ROM design schemes are implemented as follows. 1) ROM...
In this paper, we study the robustness assessment of power systems. Since the power grid is an electrical network by nature, it can be fully and accurately described by circuit laws. Based on Kirchhoff's laws and the properties of network elements, we propose a complex network model that generates power flow information given the electricity consumption and generation information. It has been widely...
Erasure codes are widely used in modern distributed storage systems to prevent data loss and server failures. Regenerating codes are a class of erasure codes that trades storage efficiency and computation for repair bandwidth reduction. However, their non-unified coding parameters and huge computation overhead prohibit their applications. Hence, we first propose a family of Functional Regenerating...
The integration of renewable energies requests smart power grids to be capable of supporting various power flow patterns, and thus urgently needs the development of smart and robust power flow solvers. However, there are several great challenges, as the problem of power flow divergence and the issue of multi-solution. Homotopy methodology is commonly utilized to deal with these issues. This paper...
Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), exploit inherent manufacturing variations and present a promising solution for hardware security. They can be used for key storage, authentication and ID generations. Low power cryptographic design is also very important for security applications. However, research to date on digital PUF designs, such as Arbiter PUFs and RO PUFs, is not very efficient. These...
This paper considers the hierarchical control strategy for enhancing the captured and converted powers in heaving wave energy converters. The hierarchical control strategy consists of a higher hierarchical controller (HHC) and a lower hierarchical controller (LHC). The main role of the HHC is to provide the optimum reference for the LHC. The LHC follows the reference despite the existence of perturbations...
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