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Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO) is one of the new error resilience techniques in H.264 that can be used to mitigate the effects of error in error prone environments. Using FMO, each macroblock can be assigned independently to a certain slice group by using a macroblock allocation map(MBAmap). FMO tool depends on how the macroblocks are ordered, and various methods of reducing the error during MBAmap...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) require energy- efficient protocols to improve the network lifetime. In this work, we adopt a cross-layer strategy that considers routing and MAC layers jointly. At the routing layer, we propose balancing the traffic through the WSN. We show that sending the traffic generated by each sensor node through multiple paths instead of using a single path allows significant...
Wireless sensor networks operate in an unstable environment and thus are subject to arbitrary transient faults. Self-stabilization is a promising technique to add tolerance against transient faults in a self-contained non-masking way. A core factor for the applicability of a given self-stabilizing algorithm is its convergence time. This paper analyses the average stabilization time of three algorithms...
Wireless body sensor networks in medical settings operate under the conflicting requirements of maintaining the desired reliability and message latency of data transmissions, while simultaneously maximizing battery-life of individual body sensors. In doing so, the characteristics of the entire system, including physical, medium access control (MAC), and application layers have to be considered. The...
Many anticipated deployment scenarios, in particular military, healthcare, and disaster-recovery applications, of wireless sensor networks require reliable source to sink communication. In this paper, we introduce a novel reliable topology that uses hotlines between sensor gateways to enhance the reliability of end-to-end transmissions. These hotlines reduce the number of average hops from source...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) research has pre-dominantly assumed the use of a portable and limited energy source, viz. batteries, to power sensors. Without energy, a sensor is essentially useless and cannot contribute to the utility of the network as a whole. Consequently, substantial research efforts have been spent on designing energy-efficient networking protocols to maximize the lifetime of...
The present paper presents considerations on using a low power routing solution for prolonging the battery life for motes within a wireless sensor network (WSN) without affecting the network connectivity. The solution applies for the cases when, the distances between motes and base stations are over the mote's communication range, and motes located between sinks and base station are commonly used...
The energy constraint sensor nodes operate on limited batteries, so the energy consumption is a key design criterion for the routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. Comparing with single path routing algorithm, multi-path routing algorithm can balance the network energy distribution and extend the network lifetime better. In this paper, we propose an Ant Colony- Based Multi-path Routing Algorithm,...
To reduce the transmissions among sensor nodes and prolong the lifecycle of the wireless sensor network, a data fusion mechanism based on immune was put forward. The self-study and self-adaptation characters of artificial immune system were used to bring an immune fusion algorithm forward. In the algorithm, the immune anti-redundancy, immune selection and immune memory were used to ensure high reliability...
In this paper we introduced a novel Linear Programming framework to model sensor network lifetime when data reduction through compression is utilized. Comparative analysis of three data compression and forwarding strategies show that neither data compression nor flow balancing can achieve the maximal possible sensor network lifetime when optimized independently. The comparisons reveal that jointly...
Since wireless sensor networks operate at remote locations under harsh conditions with no infrastructure the constraints imposed on the energy dissipation have vital impact on the overall system lifetime. There are studies on the effective utilization of the sensors' energies to increase the network lifetime. In this study we investigated strategies to increase network lifetime by considering both...
The evaluation on the transmission reliability is important for the design and optimization of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, an approach, which is aimed at the high reliability oriented multi-path transmission in WSN, is proposed to compute and analyze both transmission reliability and average message delay. In this method, the multiple paths between the source and the sink are mapped...
Actually, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used for various applications, such as habitat monitoring, automation, agriculture, and security. Since numerous sensors are usually deployed on remote and inaccessible places, and these nodes are battery powered, the deployment and maintenance should be easy and scalable. Energy effectiveness is a crucial factor in these networks. So, its software and...
Requirements for Wireless Sensor networks will increase in the future. Requirements are demanding, especially in industrial real time networks which require high reliability and performance. Network simulation tools are often needed in the network design phase before actual implementation. In this paper, we selected 5 common wireless sensor networks simulation tools and estimated their suitability...
Cooperative communications have been demonstrated to be effective in combating the multiple fading effects in wireless networks, and improving the network performance in terms of adaptivity, reliability, data throughput and network life time. In this paper, we investigate the use of cooperative communications for quality of service (QoS) provisioning in resource-constrained wireless sensor networks,...
In this paper, we study a gossip algorithm for distributed averaging over a wireless sensor network. The usual assumption is that, through properly chosen codes, the physical layer is reduced to a set of reliable bit pipes for the distributed averaging algorithm. However, with a new channel coding technique, computation coding, we can exploit the interference property of the wireless medium for efficient...
It is difficult to build a network with more number of nodes, especially when there is a requirement for a reliable rate of data transfer. It becomes further more cumbersome as the nodes involved in it are inexpensive wireless sensor nodes. The challenge now is, how to network large numbers of inexpensive wireless sensor nodes while maintaining a high level of network performance. To address this...
We present a novel mechanism intended to provide Quality of Service (QoS) for IEEE 802.15.4-based Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSN) used for pervasive healthcare applications. The mechanism was implemented and validated on the AquisGrain WBSN platform. Our results show that the QoS performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard can be considerably improved in terms of reliability and timeliness for...
Realizing highly reliable wireless sensor networks with a long lifetime is a challenging task. A long lifetime is normally achieved by low duty cycles and rare activity. High reliability requires the replication of data to cope with dying nodes, network fragmentation, etc. These problems become even harder to tackle in networks with no wired sink (decentralized networks), which can synchronize the...
The transmission power and the reception power are the main source of energy consumption in wireless sensor nodes. Therefore, reducing the amount of consumed power through the transmission and reception processes in the routing protocol will lead to an increase in the lifetime of the wireless sensor network and distribute the consumed power among the wireless sensor nodes. This paper proposes a mechanism...
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