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Bit-patterned media recording (BPMR), heat (or microwave) assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) and shingled writing (SW)/two-dimensional magnetic recording (TDMR) have been primed to further increase the areal density of magnetic recording beyond 1Tb/in2[1-3]. However, with the reduction of the track pitch, inter-track interference (ITI) becomes a major impairment for these magnetic recording systems...
This paper investigates the performance of the protograph based low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes for two dimensional (2D) inter symbol interference (ISI) channels with magnetic recording density. The protograph LDPC codes have been shown to possess excellent error performance over AWGN channel [1] and over partial response channel [2]. Moreover, the protograph structure that realizes linear encoding...
In this paper, we have demonstrated the ability of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system to detect spontaneous lie in an interactive game paradigm. Brain signals from prefrontal cortex area of four healthy male subjects were collected using wireless fNIRS system. Oxy and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbO and HbR) signals were used to define the features and then data was classified using linear...
A generalization of the correlation function is explored which, besides a relative time shift between the signals to be correlated, also takes into account different scalings on the time axis (i.e., magnification/reduction). It is shown how the generalized correlation function for continous signals can be sampled and computed without loss of information and thus can be described by discrete-time signals...
In this contribution, we consider the performance of multi-user transmitter pre-processing (MUTP) assisted interleaved division multiple access (IDMA) scheme for downlink (DL) communications. We realize MUTP using Zero Forcing (ZF)algorithm. In this paper, we consider turbo coded system to achieve high coding gain. We construct the turbo code using parallel concatenated convolutional encoder and certain...
We evaluate the performance of a set of low complexity successive interference cancellation (SIC) detection algorithms in comparison to optimal maximum a-posteriori probability (MAP) detection and low complexity linear filter detection in a Turbo multiple-input multiple-output (Turbo-MIMO) system. We show that both linear and SIC soft detection algorithms perform similarly poorly for iterative receivers,...
Recently, communication systems with multiple transmission and reception antennas (MIMO) have been introduced and proven to be suitable for achieving a high spectral efficiency. Assuming full channel knowledge at the receiver, so-called sphere detectors have been shown to solve the maximum likelihood detection problem at acceptable complexity. In the context of coded transmission, however, the detector...
This paper investigates the performance of IEEE 802.11ac physical layer (PHY) when the following multiple input multiple output (MIMO) detectors are implemented: Sphere Decoding (SD); QRM-Maximum Likelihood (QRM-MLD); List Minimum Mean Squared Error Successive Interference Cancellation (List MMSE-SIC); List Zero-Forcing SIC (List ZF-SIC); Lattice Reduction MMSE-SIC (LR MMSE-SIC) and List LR MMSE-SIC...
The latest multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems have adopted iterative detection and decoding (IDD) to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) required fora reliable transmission. An IDD system consists of a soft-in soft-out (SISO) detector to cancel interference, and a SISO forward-error correction (FEC) decoder to remove errors. The two blocks exchange soft information to improve...
This paper presents an iterative soft decision based lattice reduction (LR) aided Schnorr-Euchner (SE) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) decoding algorithm, which reduces the gap in performance between suboptimal K-best and maximum likelihood (ML) detectors. Following IEEE 802.16e standard, we develop an iterative soft decoding algorithm for 4×4 MIMO with different modulation schemes. Using this...
NAND flash memory has been dominantly used in consumer electronic products ranging from hand-held phones to personal computers. However, the stored data in NAND flash memory is subject to several impairments such as Random Telegraph Noise (RTN), Cell-to-Cell Interference (CCI) and Data Retention Effect over time. In this paper, we focus on the RTN effect over flash memory cells which becomes even...
The potential advantages of optical CDMA (OCDMA) over other multi access techniques attracted considerable interest over the past decade. All-optical implementations of OCDMA are often considered to be too complex to implement especially for cost-sensitive applications. On the other hand, electronic realization of OCDMA encoders/decoders are more cost effective but its throughput is restricted by...
In this paper, we analyze and optimize non- binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes for magnetic recording applications. While the topic of the error floor performance of binary LDPC codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels has recently received considerable attention, very little is known about the error floor performance of NB-LDPC codes over other types of channels, despite...
Embedding anti-collusion fingerprinting codes to digital contents enables us to protect the digital contents from piracy. Recently, Trappe et al. proposed an anti-collusion code (AND-ACC) such that all the illegal users are exactly detected from a binary sequence obtained from AND of all the codewords of the illegal users, where the number of the illegal users is assumed to be less than or equal to...
The 802.11ac amendment, approved by the IEEE in late 2013, is an evolution of the 802.11n amendment and specifies a physical (PHY) layer based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with up to eight spatial streams (SS). The challenges and issues regarding the analyzes, design and optimization of sphere decoding (SD) and lattice-reduction mean squared...
The joint Viterbi detector/decoder (JVDD) is a recently proposed receiver scheme that does both detection and decoding on a single trellis rather than doing detection on a trellis and decoding on factor graph as in the conventional iterative detector today. The JVDD attempts to return minimum metric legal codeword (MMLC) that is the optimum decision over an AWGN/ISI channel. However in so doing, the...
Previously we described a small detector module as a basis for C-SPECT's detector system [1]. The detector module was based on a scintillator block comprised of an array of 36×17 of 2.25 × 2.75 × 10 mm3 NaI(Tl) pixels in a 2.5 × 3 mm pitch. The module was decoded by an array of 51-mm-diameter single-anode photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs). Here we present a prototype consisting of 3 large detector modules...
We are developing trapezoidal slat crystal (TSC) PET detectors for use in ultra-compact, high-spatial-resolution PET systems for preclinical mouse imaging. In this work, we report on a new TSC detector design that we refer to as the Monolithic Unique Slat Element Trapezoidal (MoUSE Trap) design. This design improves upon the previous TSC concept by allowing for either decoding of thinner slats for...
For continuous crystal based PET detectors, not only the two-dimensional (2D) plane coordinates of the interaction point, but also the depth-of-interaction (DOI) of γ events could be precisely estimated by the single-end readout of the scintillation light. In this paper, we propose a novel, practical method for DOI determination for continuous crystal PET detectors. The novelties of the method include:...
The challenges and issues related to the application in IEEE 802.11ac systems of lattice reduction (LR) techniques for the implementation of successive interference cancellation (SIC) receivers in single-user (SU) and multi-user (MU) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transceivers are investigated in this paper. The shown simulation results, validated...
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