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This paper presents a novel front-end circuit for detecting action potentials in extracellular neural recordings. By implementing a real-time, adaptive algorithm to determine an effective threshold for robustly detecting a spike, the need for calibration and/or external monitoring is eliminated. The input signal is first pre-processed by utilising a non-linear energy operator (NEO) to effectively...
This paper presents a proposed design of Peak Detector and Sub-Flash architecture for adaptive ADC. The control circuits are developed for Adaptive Resolution for Flash ADC. Peak detector circuits will consist of peak detector for variable resolution and sub-flash architecture for reconfigurability. The voltages from the Bias block are used to provide a control voltage for Peak Detector circuits....
This paper describes design of readout circuit destined for NMOS terahertz detectors. The proposed architecture bases on chopper amplifier and instrumentation amplifier concepts. The main goals were to achieve high gain (max. 100 dB) and to enable proper operation with NMOS-based THz detector. For the research needs three different architectures of chopper amplifier have been developed. The designed...
In this paper a technique suitable for on-chip IP3/IP2 RF test by embedded RF detectors is presented. A lack of spectral selectivity of the detectors and diverse nonlinearity of the circuit under test (CUT) impose stiff constraints on the respective test measurements for which focused calibration approach and a support by customized models of CUT is necessary. Also cancellation of second-order intermodulation...
This paper presents optimal symbol constellations for M-PAM with energy detection receiver in fading channels. A significant gain in the symbol error probability can be achieved for medium to large degrees of freedom. We also present closed-form solutions for the symbol error probability in flat, approximated frequency selective and frequency selective fading channels. Independent and correlated fading...
In this paper, multisine excitation signals are used to extend the reading range of commercial RFID readers. To do so, a commercial reader is equipped with an external multisine front-end that implements previous mathematical proposals. A reading range improvement is achieved when compared with conventional single carrier approaches, even with the same average power being transmitted. A reading range...
A CPW-MMIC (coplanar-waveguide monolithic microwave integrated circuit) with quad-channel receiver IC for 140-GHz passive millimeter-wave imaging system was developed. The IC has four low-noise amplifiers (LNA), Dicke switches, and detectors using Schottokey barrier diode. The Dicke switch has 1dB insertion loss and 8 dB on-off ratio. The LNA has 40 dB gain and 5 dB noise figure. The total power consumption...
An integrated CMOS 60 GHz phased-array antenna module supporting symmetrical 32 TX/RX elements for wireless docking is described. Bidirectional architecture with shared blocks, mm-wave TR switch design with less than 1dB TX loss, and a full built in self test (BIST) circuits with 5deg and +/−1dB measurement accuracy of phase and power are presented. The RFIC size is 29mm2, consuming 1.2W/0.85W at...
This paper presents an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit with 200 to 530 µW average power consumption given a 1 V supply. The Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) therein comes with 0.9 V input and output stages with a minimum bandwidth of 100 MHz. Feed-forward Output Swing Prediction is used to adjust the gain of the VGA corresponding to the signal envelope detected by a Parallel-Detect Singular-Store...
This paper describes a 1-tap DFE with unfixed tap coefficient. According to the data patterns, the inter-symbol interference (ISI) is changed. The data patterns will be predicted using the DC level detector and the tap coefficient of the DFE will be adjusted to achieve high gain against high attenuation. The proposed 1-tap DFE with unfixed tap coefficient solves a high channel loss problem while it...
In this paper, a transistor-level simulation result of a Zero crossing BFSK demodulator is presented. The detector will be integrated into a frequency-hopped spread spectrum receiver operating in the 863–870 MHz ISM band, using the zigbee protocol (IEEE 802.15.4). This end to demodulate a received bit sequence with a bit rate equal to 20 kbps using 0.35 μm CMOS technology and a 3V power supply. The...
Imaging in the millimeter-wave range promises significant benefits for safety and security. The low THz range is being rapidly unraveled by various silicon technologies. The following work presents the progress on design and characterization of an amplifier operating in the 120 GHz frequency range, realized in IBM's standard 0.12-um SiGe BiCMOS technology. Highly encouraging is the good agreement...
Recent statistics show an increase in environmental disasters, a fact which is also perceivable to the public as reports of avalanches, earthquakes and landslides mount in media coverage. Recent examples are Haiti 2010 and Fukushima 2011. Search and Rescue with modern localization techniques consequently attracts attention from scientific and industrial sides. This paper introduces a field strength...
We consider a scenario where multiple collaborating cognitive radios (CR's) try to jointly detect spectrum opportunities in a wide-band spectrum within a predefined spectrum sensing time TS. Each CR is equipped with a tunable bandpass filter (BPF) and is able to sense one frequency band (channel) at a time. The sensing time consists of L sensing slots of length T. During each sensing slot, each of...
In this paper, the design of a new low-power low-noise charge-sensitive amplifier (CSA) is presented. The proposed CSA is intended for capacitive sensor readout circuits such as interface circuits for solid-state detectors used in medical imaging and X-ray spectroscopy. A comprehensive noise analysis of readout systems that consist of a CSA followed by an RC-CR pulse shaper is presented. To facilitate...
This paper presents an approach to signal excitation specially designed to improve the DC power obtained in a RF to DC converter and consequently its RF-DC efficiency conversion. In this sense a multisine signal is used as the excitation, and it is proved either theoretically, by simulations and by measurements, that a multisine signal with 0° phase relationship between the tones can give better DC...
Detection of targets in complex environments is of importance in both radar and sonar applications. Recent work has shown that the use of Time Reversal (TR) techniques improves the performance of systems operating in deterministic channels with a significant multipath return. This paper extends those results to stationary random channels with significant multipath. We develop a TR-based approach and...
This paper presents a high-speed, low-power and wide signal swing differential dynamic amplifier using a common-mode voltage detection technique. The proposed dynamic amplifier achieves a 15.5 dB gain with less than 1 dB drop over a signal swing of 1.3 Vpp at an operating frequency of 1.5 GHz with a VDD of 1.2 V in 90 nm CMOS. The power consumption of the proposed circuit can be reduced linearly with...
Clinical conditions such as epilepsy and stroke could benefit from portable functional brain evaluation systems for continuous online monitoring and to assist diagnostic. The combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has the potential to provide useful information towards that task. Recent attempts at their combination in a single device have shown beneficial...
A baseband IQ Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuits with embedded On-Off Keying (OOK) demodulator is integrated in a mmW 60GHz transceiver using CMOS 45nm technology. The gain of AGC ranges from 6.3∼30.6dB or 9.2∼32.6dB, depending on the on/off status of the optional DC offset compensation. There are two modes of operation in AGC — OOK and analog mode. The OOK demodulator takes the input from IQ mixer...
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