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The detection and amplification of molecular absorption lines from a mustard gas simulant is demonstrated using plasmonic antennas fabricated from n-Ge epitaxially grown on Si. Approaches to integrated sensors will be presented along with a review of n-Ge compared to other mid-infrared plasmonic materials.
Mobile Crowd Sensing Networks (MCSN) treat the ordinary users with their mobile devices as the basic sensing units, and leverage them to distribute complex social sensing tasks and collect sensing data with each other by the mobile networks. To improve the efficiency and the feasibility of data sensing, collection and transmission in MCSN, we propose an opportunistic data transmission mechanism based...
The mid-infrared region is prominent for gas sensing due to the unique footprint of various volatile organic compounds. We investigated the intrinsic damping in silicon slab waveguides in the mid-infrared region in order to provide a platform for evanescent-Qeld sensing using silicon waveguides.
In this paper, we study the sensor placement problem in urban water networks that maximizes the localization of pipe failures given that some sensors give incorrect outputs. False output of a sensor might be the result of degradation in sensor's hardware, software fault, or might be due to a cyber attack on the sensor. Incorrect outputs from such sensors can have any possible values which could lead...
A promising design for novel mid-infrared integrated Fabry-Perot cavities based on Bragg grating is presented. These cavities show good potential for several applications, including sensing, optical metrology, thermal imaging or free-space communications.
We present a compact slot waveguide Y-junction that enables the implementation of complex devices for switching, modulation, and sensing. The proposed structure can efficiently interface strip and slot waveguides without requiring an adiabatic transition region.
The area of flexible electronics is rapidly expanding and evolving. With applications requiring high speed and performance, ultra-thin silicon-based electronics has shown its prominence. However, the change in device response upon bending is a major concern. In absence of suitable analytical and design tool friendly model, the behavior under bent condition is hard to predict. This poses challenges...
This paper considers dynamic coverage control of multiple power-constrained UAVs. The UAVs are deployed to patrol a domain until the entire space has reached a satisfactory level of coverage. This is achieved through the gathering of visual information by a forward-facing camera, modeled as an anisotropic spherical sector. Coverage and collision avoidance guarantees are met through the design of a...
We developed a microelectromechanical system to controllably fracture overhanging silicon micro-beams, in an attempt to fabricate conformal electrode pairs. Controlled fracture by applying tensile force in the <111> crystal direction produces flat, and very low roughness fracture surfaces, which are then utilized as conformal electrodes for inducing large area tunneling emission of electrons...
Field-effect transistors (FETs) are commonly used as affinity-based electrical transducers, known as bioFETs. These sensors are, however, unable to directly detect uncharged molecules such as glucose, necessitating the use of ligand molecules. Further, the change of the electrical signal resulting from the biochemical reactions is often small. In the past decade, significant research was done to enhance...
Recent embedded ReRAM has a small resistance-ratio (R-ratio), which results in a small read sensing margin (ISM). A larger BL current (IBL) increases the input offset (IOS) of current-mode sense amplifiers (CSA), resulting in low-yield read operations and long read access times (TCD). This work proposes an IBL-aware small-IOS CSA, using a dynamic trip-point-mismatch sampling (DTPMS) scheme to increase...
Coping with emergency situations requires effective and prompt decision-making under constantly changing situations. The deployment of various kinds of sensors makes it possible to acquire vast amounts of information. At present, however, most information processing is not automated; therefore, the quality of decision-making depends heavily on the capacities of the decision maker. To solve this problem,...
Security is an important issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which are often deployed in hostile environments. The q-composite key predistribution scheme has been recognized as a suitable approach to secure WSNs. Although the q-composite scheme has received much attention in the literature, there is still a lack of rigorous analysis for secure WSNs operating under the q-composite scheme in consideration...
Mobile crowdsensing has emerged as a promising paradigm for data collection due to increasingly pervasive and powerful mobile devices. There have been extensive research works that propose incentive mechanisms for crowdsensing, but they all make the assumption that mobile users will positively complete the allocated sensing tasks. In this paper, we consider a new and practical scenario of crowdsensing,...
In this paper we present the analysis of a measurement technique based on a circular array of three electrostatic sensors, to estimate the trajectory, the charge and the velocity of a moving charged particle, e.g, expelled with the exhaust gases or circulating in the lubricating oil of engines, aero-engines or gas-turbines. In detail, we show how to arrange the information provided by the sensors,...
Energy harvester is a key device for realizing trillion sensors network society. Thermoelectric generator (TEG) is regarded as the ultimate energy harvester to provide semipermanent power from heat energies via Seebeck effect. The recent discovery of the superior thermoelectric (TE) property of silicon nanowires (Si-NWs) opens the way for Si-based TEGs. In this paper, a very simple device architecture...
Taken together, recent advances in microelectromechanical systems, wireless mesh networks, digital circuits, and battery technology have made the notion of autonomous pico air vehicles viable. In this work we describe the core technologies enabling these future vehicles as well as propose two possible future platforms. We draw on recent research on high thrust density atmospheric ion thrusters, microfabricated...
This paper addresses the problem of choosing the right sources to solicit data from in sensing applications involving broadcast channels, such as those crowdsensing applications where sources share their observations on social media. The goal is to select sources such that expected fusion error is minimized. We assume that soliciting data from a source incurs a cost and that the cost budget is limited...
This research work describes progress towards 2D nanoelectronics based on atomic sheets such as graphene, M0S2, black phosphorus, silicene and related materials. These diverse 2D nanomaterials can afford a wide range of device capabilities including low-power transistors, high-speed devices, zero-power switches, and wearable sensors. In addition, silicene, the atomically-thin equivalent of bulk silicon...
Highly sensitive nanotree arrays are developed on silicon by combining wet etching and hydrothermal method. Due to the large surface-to-volume ratio, the device has relative sensitivity ratio of −82% to 100ppm ethanol gas under 150°C. The response and recovery times are also shortened significantly.
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