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A study assessing a wind farm's reactive power compensation system topology and the impact of priority of utilizing each component part thereof on electrical losses is presented here; the estimated losses were assessed over a period of 25 years at a typical onshore wind farm in the UK. STATCOM based hybrid solutions not only offer benefits of reduced initial CAPEX but they also offer substantial electrical...
The Cascaded H Bridge (CHB) is a superior topology to integrate PV panels into the grid. However, due to the internal uncertainty power supply of renewable sources, it is difficult to arrange the PV CHB inverter to meet the system scheduling requirement. To overcome this limitation, a CHB inverter topology with both PV arrays and energy storage elements is proposed in this paper. In order to simplify...
This paper presents a single phase converter topology that integrates a second harmonic energy buffer. The buffer is formed by converting one branch of the converter to use half-bridge cells, similar to an MMC type design. The energy buffer allows complete elimination of the 2nd harmonic ripple from the main DC bus and reduces overall DC link capacitor size. The topology also reduces the rms current...
This paper analysis starts from the typical architecture of high-frequency solid-state transformer (HF-SST), which is the core power part of Energy Internet, and studies the key technology and control scheme of main circuit of bidirectional dc/dc converter and cascaded H-bridge converter. Based on the complex structure, in dc/dc stage, the uniform-discretization control strategy is proposed to simplify...
Bidirectional power flow, reactive power compensation capability and high efficiency are essential for vehicle to grid (V2G) systems. In this paper, a single-phase/single-stage bidirectional AC/DC converter for V2G application is presented, which consists of a line frequency commutated unfolding bridge and an interleaved buck-boost stage. In addition to sinusoidal input current, bidirectional power...
The absence of field excitation on the rotor of the synchronous reluctance machine, results in poor power factor and low power density when compared to permanent magnet synchronous machines. To mitigate these problems, permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machines were introduced. The inserted permanent magnet boosts the machine's power factor and enhances its power density. In this paper...
The offline SMPS are efficient, lightweight widely used converters in consumer electronics connected to utility mains. Because of high-frequency switching, they produce conducted and radiated EMI also offering low power factor to the utility mains. The two issues involved in the SMPS are to increase the Power Factor and to mitigate the EMI, to comply with EMC standards. Techniques for reducing the...
This paper starts with the basics of contactless energy transfer systems for charging of electric vehicles and discusses reactive power compensation networks for single-phase and three-phase systems. After presenting a small scale model of a three-phase prototype with distributed windings, results from measurements and simulations will be described for further investigations.
The brushless doubly-fed generator (BDFG) has the advantages of brushless structure, variable-speed constant-frequency operation, flexibly controllable active and reactive powers, low converter capacity and cost, and so on, which is very suitable for the wind power generation, especially the large wind turbines and offshore wind farm [1].
This paper deals with the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of a wind farm comprises different arrangements of the fixed speed and variable speed turbines. Based on the grid code requirements it is seemed that the hybrid topologies can provide better performances than purely either fixed or variable speeds turbines during the fault conditions using DFIG or SCIG. In the hybrid topology two...
This paper presents a novel single-stage non isolated switched capacitor based AC-DC converter for power factor correction (PFC). This converter features single switch, transformer less high voltage gain, and improves the power factor, reduces THD and voltage stress across the switch. Average current mode controller has been used to achieve PFC. In this paper proposed converter topology, its principle...
Motivated by the distributed control strategy of a multi-agent system, this paper presents a distributed voltage and frequency synchronization schemes for an AC microgrid (MG). For a low voltage MG, the line impedance between the distributed generator (DG) units are predominantly resistive, therefore the existing droop control approach i.e. P — ω and Q — v droop yields transients and poor stability...
Linear structural vector autoregressive models constitute a generalization of structural equation models (SEMs) and vector autoregressive (VAR) models, two popular approaches for topology inference of directed graphs. Although simple and tractable, linear SVARMs seldom capture nonlinearities that are inherent to complex systems, such as the human brain. To this end, the present paper advocates kernel-based...
This work addresses a single-stage active power factor correction (PFC) scheme that is implemented using a Floating Interleaved Boost Converter (FIBC) equipped with an indirect Double Integral Sliding Mode Controller (DISMC) adopted for a single phase full bridge rectifier. Due to the high gain, high efficiency and small size components, FIBC-based approach can achieve unit power factor and voltage-regulation...
Single stage converter system (SSCS) does both dc-dc conversion and dc-ac conversion in one stage. In this paper, a SSCS for photovoltaic (PV) applications is presented. This system can deliver active power from PV to the grid while continuously tracking maximum power point (MPP). The proposed system is controlled such that it can deliver/receive reactive power from grid. The presented system has...
In conventional photovoltaic microinverters configuration, a single PV module is connected to the grid through two converter stages: a step-up dc-dc stage and a step-down dc-ac stage. In the first stage, a high frequency transformer is generally used to achieve the high step-up voltage ratio conversion to a voltage above the grid peak value, reducing the converter efficiency while increasing its size...
This paper discusses the design and topology of the indirect matrix converter. The double space vector modulation technique (DSVPWM) is applied on the system and a unity power factor was accomplished along with desired sinusoidal input and output waveforms. The whole system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink, and the results prove to comply with the existing power quality standards.
This paper presents an isolated three-port ac-dc converter with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) reactive power capability. Port 1 of the proposed converter is interfaced with AC through a matrix converter while Port 2 and Port 3 are connected respectively to supercapacitor (SC) and battery. The SC can be charged by receiving active power from the AC grid, and can also provide reactive power to the AC grid when...
A new topology of energy router with multiple isolated HVAC ports is proposed in this paper. The topology is composed of several modular multilevel converters (MMC) and a cascaded multi-active bridge (MAB) converter. With this topology, distribution lines with the same voltage level can be connected together and switched seamlessly, even though the voltage amplitude, phase angle and earthing points...
In this paper, Active and Reactive power management with the utility grid is achieved by integrating 7-level quasi Impedance Source Inverter (qZSI) with Thyristor based elements (Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TSC) and Thyristor Switched Reactor (TSR)). Major portion of the reactive power is managed by the thyristor based elements and the remaining reactive power is managed by the cascaded qZSI. The...
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