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In off-grid renewable power systems, batteries are often used to balance the mismatch between load and electricity generation. The mismatch may be more severe in small-scale systems due to the lack of averaging effect seen in larger power systems. In the former, batteries have to cope with rapid power fluctuations whilst still delivering power to consumers. A vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) may...
Multilevel converters are an emerging industrial technology and are the subject of a substantial amount of research. However, they are yet to find their way into many mainstream engineering applications. This paper presents a method of quantifying the benefits and disadvantages of multilevel converters of increasing order. The analysis focuses on the cascaded H-bride topology for grid-tie battery...
4th Generation (4G) Mobile Networks based on the All-IP paradigm are aggressively deployed worldwide and 5th Generation (5G) mobile networks will emerge in the forthcoming years. Signaling load optimization on the air-interface is vital for mobile telecommunications. One of the major issues considered by research is the tracking update versus paging trade-off. This means that there is a trade-off...
Indoor applications based on vehicular robotics require accurate, reliable and efficient localisation. In the absence of a GPS signal, an increasingly popular solution is based on fusing information from a dead reckoning system that utilises on-board sensors with absolute position data extracted from the environment. In the application considered in this paper, the information on absolute position...
The parameter extraction method of De Soto is implemented in the single diode model and evaluated against measured data at varying temperatures and irradiances. The simulated current-voltage-curves (IV-curves) of the method can be seen as acceptable at reference conditions, but they result in a different IV-curve, not matching the measured IV-curve, at conditions that differ from the reference conditions...
The South African industrial sector is under significant financial pressure and need to reduce production costs to remain competitive in the global and local market. Some steel plants use reheating furnaces to reheat materials before hot rolling. These furnaces use industrial fuel gases as an energy source. Process by-product and purchased gases can be used as fuel. Inefficiencies in gas distribution...
The paper is devoted to a comprehensive modelling of the influence of the operation process and the climate-weather change process on the safety of a critical infrastructure. Particular models of critical infrastructure safety influenced by its inside among its components and subsystems dependences and by its outside operating environment threats and climate-weather hazards are created and a reasonable...
In tourism industry, a challenge is how to handle emergency situations during a journey. Although most of the tourism travel agencies focus on generating travel plans, an important part that has been ignored is to provide a creative emergency travel plan when a user meets an unforeseen situation during the journey. Thus, in order to address problems like this, the study to build a system that can...
Areas missing wide electricity grid deployment require set-up of local and small scale grids (nano-grids) covering individual or group of houses. Such systems require a performance/cost optimisation. A simulation has been developed to evaluate management algorithms. A 15 % optimisation through the use of simple predictive algorithms is demonstrated.
The problem of efficient resource management in large cloud data centres is well recognised in the cloud management community. With the rising demand for cloud services and expansion of the size and distribution of data centres, the repercussions of not taking into account all parameters of interest while allocating resources are becoming significant. Hence, one of the major issues today is how to...
Modelling and simulation assist in decision support or planning activities by allowing efficient exploration of multiple scenarios in a situation where testing in a real setting is impractical. This exploration is often done by varying numerical parameters in the model such as physical dimensions or speed in order to find the optimal configuration. However, for certain problems, in order to find optimal...
In modern power systems, the energy storage technology provides new business opportunities to producers, consumers and to their combination (prosumers). In fact, storage not only enables them to provide the electric grid with regulation, reserve and backup services, but actually fills the gap between the timing of production and consumption. This gives concrete economic value to price arbitrage techniques,...
Most games have, or can be generalised to have, a number of parameters that may be varied in order to provide instances of games that lead to very different player experiences. The space of possible parameter settings can be seen as a search space, and we can therefore use a Random Mutation Hill Climbing algorithm or other search methods to find the parameter settings that induce the best games. One...
The Mobile Cloud Network is an emerging cost and capacity heterogeneous distributed cloud topological paradigm that aims to remedy the application performance constraints imposed by centralised cloud infrastructures. A centralised cloud infrastructure and the adjoining Telecom network will struggle to accommodate the exploding amount of traffic generated by forthcoming highly interactive applications...
Hybrid digital-to-analog (D-A) precoding is a promising technology to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains in a millimetre-wave (mm-Wave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. To reap the full scale benefits of the hybrid D-A precoding, in this paper, two algorithms are proposed to maximise the capacity of the hybrid D-A mm-Wave MIMO system. The first algorithm is based on the...
In this paper, a multi-objective optimisation procedure based on the non-sorted genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) for the design of a buried PM wind generators with variable-flux is presented. A comparative analysis is carried out for optimised 13 kW, 100 kW and 1 MW buried-PM variable-flux synchronous generators (VFSG) with PMs buried deep in the rotor cores and additional rotor field coils. A design...
This paper deals with the methodology of software to promote optimised operation of the transmission network. The methodology is based on the real data referring to operating temperatures and the power transmitted over 220 kV and 400 kV lines. This is an input database, formed by the values of power transmitted at a real time temperature. The software designed here offers a choice of the line to be...
Environmentally-friendly energy-efficient vehicles are an important contributor to meet future global transportation needs. To minimise the environmental impact of a vehicle throughout its entire life cycle, the life cycle energy optimisation (LCEO) methodology has been proposed. Using the proxy of life cycle energy, this methodology balances the energy consumption of vehicle production, operation...
Grid compliance is a crucial feature for modern wind turbine systems in power generation. The generator is one of the key components in a WTS. However, in order to predict the response of a directly grid connected wind generator to grid code requirements, an optimisation-based design over a large design space is needed. In this research, an analytical design model is developed for a grid compliant...
In the scenario of growing population, it is known that the dépendance on non renewable energy is increasing exponentially. In any IC engine only 40% of the energy given by the fuel is utilized. The remaining goes as heat in exhaust gas and coolant. In this context a waste recovery system using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has been developed to increase the percentage of energy conversion of burnt...
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