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W okresie komunizmu społeczność łemkowska nie posiadała w Polsce odrębnej organizacji etnicznej. W USA Łemkowie mogli bez przeszkód prowadzić działalność społeczną i polityczną. Jeszcze przed II wojną światową powstały dwie ważne organizacje: rusofilska Łemko-Sojuz i Ukrainofilska Organizacja Obrony Łemkowszczyzny w Ameryce. Transformacja społeczno-polityczna zapoczątkowana wyborami z czerwca 1989...
The article reveals the peculiarities of the Process of Transition of the UPR Army soldiers interned in Poland, to civil status and their departure to Czechoslovakia and France during the 1920s. Because of the numerical reduction of internment camps, Ukrainian combatants faced the need to adapt to living conditions in their civil status and further socialise. Most of the UPR Army junior officers were...