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Since the minimally invasive surgery robot(MISR) has been widely used in hospitals, people pay more and more attention to the safety of minimally invasive surgery. Based on the analysis of security requirements for medical robots, a novel safety design is proposed. The principle and equivalent stiffness of the safety design was researched by the use of analytical method. In the paper, a kind of safety...
This paper presents a exact kinematics of the five degrees of freedom (DoF) surgical robot derived by the geometrical relation of the structure. In laparoscopic surgery, there are some advantages for patients because incision on abdominal wall is small. However, laparoscopic surgery is difficult for surgeons. Therefore, surgical robots with have been studied and developed to support surgeons. Conventional...
The basic structure and null space analysis of 5 DoF implant assist robot for position and angle adjustment is conducted in this paper. The problem of position control using the inverse matrix is the singular postures that make the system unstable. In this paper, the modulated potential field is also extended to 5 DoF robot manipulator for both position adjustment and angle adjustment. It is proposed...
In this paper, a lightweight master interface for a surgical robot system is proposed. The position of the human hand is measured by a non-contact motion tracker, but the force feedback is realized by a handheld haptic device. A gripping force is displayed by a pneumatic bellows, which is smaller and more lightweight than electric motors. As for the slave manipulator, the gripper of a surgical forceps...
The paper describes a passivity based approach to the generation of virtual fixtures for robotic teleoperation schemes involving multiple masters and multiple slaves. Virtual fixtures considered in the paper aim to guide the user towards a geometric path, which is assumed to be collision-free by design, describing a desired execution of a given task. To preserve safe distance from obstacles and at...
In this paper we present experimentally obtained cable-pulley Coulomb and viscous friction for cable-driven surgical robotic systems including the RAVEN II surgical robotic research platform. In the study of controlling cable-driven systems a simple mathematical model which does not capture physical behavior well is often employed. Even though control of such systems is achievable without an accurate...
This paper presents the control of a master-slave system for teleoperated needle insertion under guidance by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The primary aim of our research is the robot-assisted laser ablation of liver tumors. The master-slave system consists of a master unit that sits next to the operator, outside the scanner room, and of a slave unit located inside the cylindrical MRI scanner...
Development of intuitive user interface of a dexterous forceps with wrist joint for minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) is important for reducing the surgeon's confusion and fatigue. In this paper, a wearable robotic forceps manipulator is proposed. By measuring the wrist attitude of the surgeon by a motion sensor and driving the forceps tip by actuators, intuitive operation is realized, compared with...
Designing a robotic system for surgical procedures is always challenging. Reliability, integration in the operating room and intuitive use even in stressful situations are some major requirements. Our project aims at the improvement of two widespread interventions in minimally invasive surgery (MIS): the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and the laparoscopic sigmoid resection (LSR). We develop...
A variety of medical and surgical robot systems have been developed in academia and industry and commercial products are actively used in modern operating rooms. However, there is no safety standard that specifically governs the design of medical robot systems. Despite the availability of several safety design guidelines, the absence of a basis or foundation for safety makes it difficult to describe...
This paper explains an image-based force estimation of deformable tissue for a small single-port surgical robot. Since the end-effectors of a single-port surgical robot are thin and slender, it is one of challenging issues to install a force-torque sensor on its tip. Instead of using a force sensor, image-based estimation of interacting forces between deformable tissue and surgical end-effectors are...
Many surgical robots adopt a tendon driven mechanism using cable and pulley to transmit the power. However, although tension is the main medium of power structurally, it is directly related with cable material characteristics including not only elastic region which make it able to use fixed spring constant but also nonlinear elastic and yielding one. Therefore, in the view point of control, it is...
Catheter devices allow physicians to access the inside of the human body easily and painlessly through natural orifices and vessels. Although catheters allow for the delivery of fluids and drugs, the deployment of devices, and the acquisition of the measurements, they do not allow clinicians to assess the physical properties of tissue inside the body due to the tissue motion and transmission limitations...
Rehabilitation robotics specializes in designing machines, such as exoskeletons, which can be utilized to restore function in patients recovering from physical trauma. The proposed Assistive Rehabilitation Arm Orthosis (A.R.A.O.) is designed to restore function and rehabilitate patients suffering from muscular diseases as well as mild-stroke. Clinical studies have shown that task-based repetitive...
Using special tools at the end-effectors of Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) robots has an important role in building a simple and well controlled system that increases dexterity of surgeons. Having local, lightweight and powerful actuators at end-effectors could help to simplified wrist design and saving the number of degrees-of-freedom (DOFs). Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators considered as good...
This paper describes an insect muscle-powered autonomous microrobot (iPAM) which can work long-term at room temperature without any maintenance. The iPAM moved autonomously at an average velocity of 26.4 μm/s using spontaneous contractions of a whole insect dorsal vessel (DV) and the moving velocity was accelerated temporally by adding insect hormone. These results suggest that the insect DV has a...
Non invasive micro robotic colonoscope can be applied in health care to find the malignant tumor in its early stage. This project presented a novel squirm robot prototype with 13 mm diameter, 105 mm length, and 22.3 g weight. The robot is actuated by three linear motors which are composed of micro motor, turbine-worm, and wire wrapping-sliding mechanism. This linear actuators are featured with the...
This paper presents a new design of an arm exoskeleton using shape memory alloy wires and springs embedded in fabric and taking the form of a sleeve. The device is intended to facilitate everyday life tasks by providing the user with an easily operated lift aiding device. The “SMA Aiding Sleeve” will bring extra lifting power to various classes of users (medical and non-medical). This paper presents...
In the field of life science, such as regeneration medicine or cloning, the manipulation and analysis of cells is performed by researchers. However, in micro environments, manipulating objects by hand is often not feasible or practical. We have developed a two-fingered microhand, which will help to improve operation efficiency. Using the microhand, we can manipulate cells i.e., grab, rotate, carry,...
We describe a novel approach for demonstrate of a wheel-rolling tissue deformation as well as the abnormalities tissue depth evaluation using a rolling finite element model (RFEM). Since a wheeled probe which is capable of performing rolling tissue indentation has been proven to be a promising device to rapid conduct soft tissue property identification for localization and documentation of the abnormalities...
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