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Basque required the use of morphemes and other sub-word units. Additionally, some keyword spotting and semantic methods have been also applied in the system in order to retrieve information properly. In most of the cases, the methods employed during this project could suit the requirements of many under-resourced languages
Social bookmarking tools are rapidly emerging on the Web as it can be witnessed by the overwhelming number of participants. In such spaces, users annotate resources by means of any keyword or tag that they find relevant, giving raise to lightweight conceptual structures aka folksonomies. In this respect, needless to
(UDDI) was not designed to accommodate these emerging requirements. To solve the problems of storing QoS in UDDI and aggregating QoS values, three different approaches, namely type, keyword based and ontological approaches to model QoS tModel (technical model) have been proposed. The aim is to study these approaches and
Image annotation is usually formed as a multiclass classification problem. Traditional methods learn the co-occurrence of keywords and images while they ignore the correlation between keywords, which turned out to be one of the reasons causing poor experiment results. In this paper, we propose an automatic image
Nowadays semantic image annotation is becoming more than ever a very challenging issue since it helps improving image interpretation and retrieval. Currently, most semantic annotation methods represent images as lists of keywords or histogram of visual words, and do not consider the spatial distribution of regions
, first, we consider each individual ontology and user query keywords to determine the Basic Expansion Terms (BET) using a number of semantic measures namely Density Measure (DM), Betweenness Measure (BM), and Semantic Similarity Measure (SSM). Second, we specify New Expansion Terms (NET) by Ontology Alignment (OA). Third
based on ontology. It uses the rich semantic knowledge of ontology to upgrade the retrieval based on keywords to concepts, and combines it with the specialized engine to improve retrieval effect and efficiency. The paper also takes patent information for example to explain its application at the end.
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