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This paper explores methods to coordinate aggregations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs; including air conditioners and refrigerators) to manage frequency and energy imbalances in power systems. We focus on opportunities to centrally control loads with high accuracy but low requirements for sensing and communications infrastructure. We compare cases when measured load state information (e...
This paper examines a proposal for the introduction of incentive based demand curtailment in the New Zealand Electricity market (NZEM). Today NZEM participants do not submit demand bids (except in pre-dispatch schedule) to the markets for energy and regulation reserve. Professional literature identifies demand response (DR) in a broad variety of uses. Such uses range across peak load management, transmission...
Demand response behaviors of retailers are very important for dynamic pricing mechanism design and analysis. This paper presents a multi-agent system to simulate the household response to dynamic pricing. In each household, the best activities under real time pricing for every major electricity devices with their own characteristics and flexibilities are formulated as mixed integrated linear programming...
In this paper the smart grid features of Demand Response (DR) and Volt/Var Control (VVC) are integrated in a distribution system. A coordination scheme for DR and VVC is developed and simulated on American Electric Power's 12.47 KV distribution feeders. Multi Agent System (MAS) is used to establish the coordination scheme by the exchange of distribution network model in real time. Varying levels of...
The promise and hype surrounding the Smart Grid far exceeds its current capabilities. In no area is this truer than with Demand Response (DR) programs for the commercial building sector, which is responsible for 20 percent of energy demand and emissions in the United States. These concentrated pools of demand are a nightmare for ever-more strained utility grids, especially in major cities. As a result,...
PJM Advanced Technology Pilot Program sets up a platform to smart-grid technologies to demonstrate their technical viability and commercial values through running pilot project. This paper focuses on those pilot projects that target to provide high-quality regulation services to grid. Piloted technologies are diversified, from batteries, smart building, electric vehicles, to electric thermal storages...
To establish a sustainable energy supply system, renewable energy sources and low-carbon vehicles will have to become more widespread. However, it is often pointed out that the dissemination of these technologies will cause difficulties in balancing supply and demand in a power system, due to the fluctuation in the amounts of renewable energy generated and the fluctuation in the power demanded for...
Household flat rate electricity tariffs have been ongoing for decades in the UK. The fitness of this type of tariffs is challenged in the new smart grid and smart metering environment, where demand responses are expected to play an important role to support the energy markets and the network. Generally speaking, most advanced electricity tariffs to date aim to reduce energy prices in a competitive...
Demand response (DR) has an important role to play in the electricity market for maintaining the balance between supply and demand by introducing load flexibility instead of only adjusting generation levels, at almost all operational time scales. There are many players in the market who benefit from DR, like the TSO, DSOs, retailers and end-customers themselves. The recent advent of smart grid technologies...
This paper develops a market optimization model for a microgrid with Demand Side Bidding (DSB) and Demand Response (DR) by residential consumers. Demand Response (DR) models have been developed by utilizing consumer behavior modeling by Price Elasticity Matrices (PEMs) considering different scenarios and levels of consumer rationality. These PEMs are utilized to calculate the levels of demand response...
In this paper, we investigate how the demand-side of the electricity industry can provide a potential solution for the reliable integration of wind generation resources into power system operations. More specifically, we investigate how the consumers enrolled in demand response (DR) programs mechanisms which induce changes in load consumption through incentives or prices can provide a valuable demand-side...
This paper addresses implementation of Demand Response (DR) programs in competitive electricity markets. An overview of present status of the application of DR programs in major electricity markets is provided. In this paper, An objective-wised classification of DR measures is proposed which is rooted in practical DR experiences. Market opportunities and associated barriers are investigated. Further,...
This paper develops a model for Demand Response (DR) by utilizing consumer behavior modeling considering different scenarios and levels of consumer rationality. Consumer behavior modeling has been done by developing extensive demand-price elasticity matrices for different types of consumers. These Price Elasticity Matrices (PEMs) are utilized to calculate the level of demand response for a given consumer...
The EcoGrid EU is a large-scale demonstration on the Danish island Bornholm. The aim is to demonstrate a Smart Grids solution to operate a power system with more than 50 % renewable energy, including a mix of variable distributed energy resources (i.e. wind, solar, biomass, biogas, and CHP) and energy storage technologies such as heat pumps, district heating and batteries from EVs. Out of the 28 000...
Smart Grid promises the highest efficiency in the history of electrical energy and one of its key components is Demand Response (DR). Incentive based programs however would have a different path in smart grid and their usage would be different in this new environment. In this paper, incentive based DR programs are briefly introduced, smart grid is presented and the influence of smart grid on incentive...
One of the most important missions of Smart Grid is to improve system efficiency through effective execution of Time of Use (TOU) Demand Response (DR) programs and to provide a link between consumers and electricity market in order to provide a smoother load curve. On the other hand, realization of Smart Grid in a system would be very costly. In this situation, identifying the most influential buses...
This paper proposes a Real-Time Pricing (RTP)-based power scheduling scheme as demand response for residential power usage. In this scheme, the Energy Management Controller (EMC) in each home and the service provider form a Stackelberg game, in which the EMC who schedules appliances' operation plays the follower level game, and the provider who sets the real-time prices according to current power...
Real-time database is the combination of real-time systems and database technology with the qualities of high degree of real-time and high data throughput, etc, and has been widely used in the field of automatic control. Historical data is sampled from real-time database system, and preserved as historical data in the database. Users are able to access historical data at any time from the database...
With the proposed of smart grid, the user's role in power system is being re-recognized. In order to realize user's role, many countries are implementing smart metering and demand response (DR). The investment of this system is so huge and the benefits of all parties participating in DR are not clear, all parties are not active to participate in it. In this paper, the problems of nonDR are listed...
Summary form only given. Demand-side management (DSM), coupled with smart-grid technologies, will be a big initiative for electric utilities and ISOs for the next 3-5 years. To meet FERC order 719, a number of ISOs are modifying their market rules to better utilize demand resources (DR). This panel session explores the key technical, economic, and IT challenges that will need to be solved to fully...
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