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Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are characterized as undifferentiated cells with the ability of self-renewal and multipotency to give rise to other cells of the nervous system. In our in vitro study we demonstrate the proliferative and differentiative potential of NPCs isolated from the spinal cord at different developmental stages (embryonal, early postnatal, adult), maintained and expanded within...
Tremendous efforts have been made to ameliorate and improve locomotor function after spinal cord injury (SCI) by the transplantation of various types of stem cells. In our study we compared the use of non-neurogenic stem cells – bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs), an immortalized stem cell line (SPCs) derived from human fetal spinal cord tissue or human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural precursors...
The oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPCs) are the abundant population of NG2-positive cells in the young and adult CNS. They are capable of myelinogenesis, but they are also among the first cells to react to CNS injuries. Over the last decade, these glia commited progenitors have been however the subject of intensive research in context of their assumed neural stem cell properties. In our studies we...
The neurotrophins are a family of small proteins that were first identified as survival factors for sympathetic and sensory neurons and have since been shown to control survival, development and function of neurons and myelin formation in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Prosurvival and plasticity-promoting effects of mammalian neurotrophins: NGF, BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4 are mediated through...
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a major neurodegenerative disease to afflict the adult human population. ALS causes a progressive motoneuron degeneration within anterior horns of the spinal cord. Recent data indicate the presence of mutations in the SMN (Survival Motor Neuron) gene that cause a deficits in the level of the functional SMN protein and may be an exacerbating factor...
Variations in the configuration of the bony septum found in patients with split cord malformations are rare. We report the seemingly rare occurrence of a midline bony septum that ended posteriorly as a fully formed bony spinous process. We speculate that this variation is due to misplaced mesodermal cells associated with the primitive endomesenchymal tract during approximately the third week of foetal...
Molecular mechanisms underlying the differences between chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain are still poorly understood. Identifying those differences should provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying features unique for neuropathic pain, such as allodynia. We have performed screening for differentially expressed genes in the spinal cord in the rat models of neuropathic and inflammatory...
In the present study, the mechanisms of interaction between the breathing and stepping movements were investigated. The investigations were carried out in 8 normal subjects and 4 individuals with complete spinal cord lesion. Additionally, experimental studies were performed in 7 decerebrate and 4 spinal cats. Involuntary reflex stepping movements in the air were induced by vibrators attached above...
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