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The focus of the computing industry continues to shift towards designing and building intelligent systems that can handle and learn from large amounts of data. The availability of powerful processing hardware like GPUs and TPUs, has powered the tremendous success of many sophisticated resource intensive machine learning algorithms. However as device scaling and energy dissipation fast approach the...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic, biofilm-forming pathogen. P. aeruginosa produces pyocyanin, a secondary metabolite as part of its quorum sensing signaling system activated during biofilm formation. Self-organized plasmonic nanogaps provide enhancements to Raman scattering signals to achieve 10 ng/mL limit of detection of pyocyanin that enables early detection of biofilm formation. We report,...
This work describes a simple method to produce highly luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) emitting blue or green light. The method consists of the carbonization of citric acid at 250 °C under ambient condition and a further surface functionalization. The UV-Vis spectrum of these carbon nanostructures exhibited a well-resolved absorption band at 320 nm which was attributed to the n-π∗ transition...
Many semiconductor industries gradually tend to transit from the complex 2D design to a high regularity of 1D gridded design. In this transition process, cut distribution position has become the most important challenge. For more advanced nanometer designs, cuts may be too dense to be printed by 193i lithography. While Directed Self-Assembly (DSA) is outstanding in recent years, it is a great potential...
The self-assembly of asymmetric di- and triblock block copolymers based on chemically complementary poly(acrylic acid) and (methoxy)poly(ethylene oxide) or polyacrilamide blocks into micelle structures are developed in acidic aqueous solutions by hydrophobic interactions between non-polar bound segments of the copolymer blocks. Peculiarities of the micellization processes, morphology, size and stability...
The progress within the field of DNA nanotechnology has shown DNA to be an ideal material for the self-assembly of complex two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures. In addition to forming a wide range of structural geometries, DNA has been demonstrated as an exemplary scaffold. In this work we utilize this scaffolding ability to create photonic DNA switches that respond to both DNA and enzymatic...
This paper reviews our recent work on DNA-based nanofabrication. DNA nanostructures were used as a template to initiate direct pattern transfers to a diverse range of substrates, including oxides, polymers, and self-assembled monolayers. Complex patterns were obtained in many cases with a lateral resolution down to sub-10 nm demonstrated in some cases. These results highlight the potential of DNA...
Low-cost biocompatible nanomaterials with opto-electronic properties are highly desirable as they may open avenue onto new biomedical imaging or sensing technologies. It was recently unveiled that short peptides self-assemble into various micro- and nano-structures including tubes, tapes and fibrils. These structures were found to possess striking mechanical, electrical and optical properties, which...
Optical metamaterials require the manufacture of periodically repeating motives at length-scales that are smaller than the wavelengths they are intended to manipulate. For visible light, this entails the fabrication of 3D design materials with sub-100 nm periodicities. Since this is difficult to achieve using top-down methodologies, bottom-up self-assembly is an interesting alternative approach. The...
This paper reports surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of a single DNA oligomer toward SERS-based reliable DNA sequencing using a single gold nanoparticle dimer. Due to the Raman enhancing hotspot with 1-nm nanogap in the single dimer, for the first time, the single oligomer detection and analysis was demonstrated. The dimer identified the several bases and backbone components of the...
Steady progress in understanding and implementation are establishing self-assembly as a versatile, parallel and scalable approach to the fabrication of transducers. In this contribution, I illustrate the principles and reach of self-assembly with three applications at different scales — namely, the capillary self-alignment of millimetric components, the sealing of liquid-filled polymeric microcapsules,...
A novel graphene biosensor based on self-assembly protein film modified graphene targeting biomolecules is presented in this literature. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules in inorganic solution are self-assembled and aggregated on the graphene surface uniformly with the driving of heating for the first time. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and Raman spectra are used to investigate denatured BSA modified...
A feasibility study was carried out for self-formation of metal wiring between LSI chips containing ultrafine-pitch Cu landing pads by employing a new concept of directed self-assembly (DSA) phenomena. Preliminary results suggest that it is highly feasible to electrically interconnect two LSI chips having Cu landing pads at 3μm pitch interval. Electrical contact between the flip-chip bonded dies was...
Developing novel security devices using nanotechnology has emerged as a promising new area since they offer higher reliability, small form factor, and anti-tampering features. Single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) is promising to replace silicon as the future transistor channel material due to its superb electrical properties and intrinsic ultrathin body. However, several imperfections of this nanomaterial...
This paper reports on the assessment of a simple and economical self-assembly methodology to obtain reproducible substrates onto the optical fiber tip for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications. The method relies on the use of the nanosphere lithography of the optical fiber end facet. A careful analysis has been carried out to investigate the capability of the proposed procedure to...
A novel optical fiber refractometer based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is presented. The sensor was prepared by splicing a short segment of no-core fiber (NCF) between two multimode fibers. A gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) film was self-assembled on the sidewall of the NCF. When LSPR peak wavelength is used to investigate the refractive index (RI), sensitivity of 121.88 nm/RIU (R2 = 0...
A novel process for self-assembly of metal-porphyrins on oxide dielectrics is developed and utilized for continuous work function tuning. Simply by changing the central metal atom present at the core of porphyrin helps change the dipole moment at the metal-dielectric interface leading to change in work function. Further the development of vapor phase process makes the process of the self-assembly...
DNA-assisted assembly has been demonstrated as a powerful method for synthesizing plasmonic nanostructures possessing electromagnetic hot spots for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this work, we use DNA molecules as linkers to synthesize core-satellite nanostructures for SERS molecular detection. The interparticle distance, which is critical to Raman enhancement, is fine-tuned by growing...
Summary form only given, as follows. To counter the rising costs and challenges of semiconductor device scaling, new bottom-up patterning techniques are sought to supplement or replace current top-down lithography techniques. DNA-based techniques such as origami, tiles, and bricks have demonstrated precise control of the size and shape of self-assembled nanostructures, and recent advances in structural...
A series of novel block copolymers, PS-b-PPDMA, were synthesized via anionic polymerization. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) spectra and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images indicated lamella or hexagonal structures with a sub-10 nm half-pitch formed under mild thermal annealing condition. The assembly condition is as quick as 5 min or less at 100 °C thermal annealing. The smallest lamellar...
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