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The generation of a competent egg requires complex molecular interactions between the oocyte and the ovary, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a major signaling pathway. Smad4 is a central regulator of the TGF-β signaling pathway as it mediates gene expression triggered by activation of TGF-β receptors. Deletion of Smad4 in granulosa cells disrupts follicle development; however, the role...
Ovarian follicular development, follicle selection, and the process of ovulation remain poorly understood in most species. Numerous endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine factors, including the ligands represented by the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, TGFβ, activin, inhibin, bone morphometric protein (BMP), and growth differentiation factor (GDF) are present in the ovaries of many animals...
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