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Marked drug-induced prolongation of the QT interval on the electrocardiogram is associated with Torsades de Pointes (TdP), a potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia. Assessment of QT prolongation liability in the drug development process is required but is time and resource intensive. Current pre-clinical safety assessments use patch clamp analysis of the Human Ether-a-Go-Go (hERG) channel,...
Legionella pneumophila is a pathogenic bacterium that proliferates in a large variety of environmental water sources. It can cause a severe infection, legionellosis, resulting in a fatal form of pneumonia. Therefore, developing detection platforms such as highly specific and sensitive biosensors is of great importance. Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) has become one of the most widely used...
PCR methodologies have become firmly entrenched in many clinical laboratories for the detection of a wide range of organisms, because they offer major advantages of improved sensitivity and rapidity over traditional diagnostic methods. However, many variables need to be considered in performing a reliable PCR assay, ranging from nucleic acid extraction, storage, composition of the PCR reaction mix...
It is well known that cells in tissue display a large heterogeneity in gene expression due to differences in cell lineage origin and variation in the local environment. Traditional methods that analyze gene expression from bulk RNA extracts fail to accurately describe this heterogeneity because of their intrinsic limitation in cellular and spatial resolution. Also, information on histology in the...
Profiling of gene expression is necessary to study the function of cells, organs and ultimately organisms, in health and disease. However, the currently available mRNA sequencing methods are limited to homogenized tissue samples. Therefore, the obtained information represents either the average expression profile of the full tissue sample or expression profiles from isolated single cells extracted...
We describe the design, implementation, and characterization of a biomolecular RNA fuel delivery device under load. The device is based on genelet technology, and is capable of driving dynamic behavior in complex nucleic acid circuits. Here we closely examine the behavior of a system consisting of the device driving the operation of a simple, fluorescently-labeled DNA probe. We use a simple model...
Deer antler is the unique mammalian tissue which can fully regenerate after losing. Therefore, deer antlers provide an excellent model to study the developmental regulation of mammalian tissues. The expression and regulatory mechanism of transforming growth factor-e receptor 1 (TGF-e receptor 1) to the rapid growth of deer antler was explored through the research on growing tip in sika deer antler...
Salmonella pullorum was induced using liquid lysogeny broth medium at 4°C into viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. The activated VBNC genes were screened by mRNA differential display. VBNC bacteria transformed to the spherical-rods or spherical shape and aggregated. Sequence analysis showed two VBNC differential fragments respectively belonged to partial sequences of ATP-dependent RNA unwindase...
Whole human genome (Agilent) expression profiling was conducted on disease-unaffected ileal RNA collected from the proximal margin of resected ileum from 47 ileal Crohn's disease (CD), 27 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 25 control patients without inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Cluster analysis combined with significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) and principal component analysis (PCA) and was...
This study presents an integrated microfluidic system capable of rapid diagnosis and subtyping of influenza virus. Several critical modules including a ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction module, a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) module and an optical detection module were integrated into the microsystem. Magnetic beads conjugated with specific nucleotide probes were first incubated...
The real-time detection of harmful algal bloom (HAB)-causing organisms is crucial to preventing human illness and death, animal mortalities, and significant economic losses for coastal and fishing communities. However, most identification schemes are time-consuming and costly, which limit their use for rapid risk assessment. To address this problem, a simple colorimetric test for the HAB-causing Alexandrium...
cDNA containing the 3' part sequences of seven Lily symptomless virus (LSV) isolates were obtained by RT-PCR and sequenced. The sequenced region is corresponding to partial CP gene and the entire sequences of 16kDa gene located at the 3' end of LSV genome. The sequence homologies of partial CP and 16 kDa protein genes, compared with other reported isolates, were 87.4% to 100% and 97.9% to 100% respectively...
MicroRNAs, a group of endogenous non-coding single-strand RNAs typically of 21~23nt in length, have been convincingly shown to play a critical role in a wide variety of physiological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumor metastasis, etc. Here we incorporated a microfluidic device with a miRNA detection method based on ramification amplification (RAM) to increase the...
microRNAs (miRNA) play important roles in regulating immunity. Here we utilize the systems biology approach to predict the regulatory network of miRNAs among the most down-regulated genes by the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment in the macrophage RAW267.4 cell line. We combine the proteome and transcriptome data sets to define 200 target genes that are significantly down-regulated by the LPS treatment...
The primers and probes were designed and synthesized according to the conserved VP1 sequences of porcine Sapovirus (SaV), and a TaqMan fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR assay were developed by optimizing the reaction conditions. Results showed that the fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR assay could detect 16.1 copies·µL−1 of plasmid DNA, while the sensitivity of the routine RT-PCR was 1.61 × 103 copies·µL...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) reported previously from Arabidopsis. thaliana and other seven plant species, by both experimental validation and prediction, were used to identify potential miRNAs in Saccharum officinarum which is an important food and bio-energy crop. A microfluidic microarray was developed for detecting plant miRNAs and used for the first experimental analyzing the mature miRNAs and miRNAs*...
Under stressful conditions in nature, Escherichia coli forms biofilms for long-term survival. Curli fimbriae are an essential architecture for cell-cell contacts within biofilms. Structural components and assembly factors of curli are encoded by two divergently arranged operons, csgBA and csgDEFG, which are regulated by the csgD gene product. Thus, CsgD is a master regulator of bacterial biofilm formation...
The satellite RNA of Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) contains an open reading frame for a 20-kDa nonstructural protein, which facilitates the long distance movement of satBaMV in plants. To determine whether the frame shift mutant of satBaMV (F6) could move systemically or could be complemented or promoted by P20, sucrose-synthasepromoter-driven P20 (SSP20) transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants have...
A real-time PCR assay based on the TaqMan chemistry was developed for reliable and quantitative detection of CD81 in Tupaia belangeri. The assay is performed with the ABI 7300 system using TaqMan probe and primers amplifying 118bp CD81 fragment of Tupaia belangeri. The standard curve for quantitation of target gene showed linearity over an at least 5-log DNA concentration range, represents 103 to...
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