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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are getting popular day by day. But due to the constrained of resources and limited battery supply of sensor nodes, this becomes the major areas of research. Earlier the LEACH protocol proposed contributes a lot in terms of reducing energy consumption among sensor nodes. Later on concept of rendezvous nodes (RZ) and mobile sink was combined with LEACH to reduce energy...
Internet of Things (IoT) can be perceived as enabling user-specific interoperable communication services by integration of sensing and actuation technologies with other leading technologies, such as telecommunication, networking, security and cloud computing etc. Application of the ubiquitous IoT technologies to augment healthcare systems inadvertently exposes the latter to unpredictable, disruptive...
Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN) have become vital in many areas and critical applications. Some applications require a reliable network and less maintenance, especially the power consumption. ZigBee standard shows the ability to be used for many applications that require low data transmission and low power consumption. The standard helps the overall network to reduce worries about the sensors power...
To provide secure data transmission in Cluster Wireless Sensor Networks (CWSNs), the challenging task is to provide an efficient key management technique. To enhance the performance of sensor networks, clustering approach is used. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises of large collection of sensors having different hardware configurations and functionalities. Due to limited storage space and battery...
In this paper, we propose to use correlations to optimize network operations in terms of energy-efficiency and data quality for data collection applications. We present a novel approach that uses spatial correlations between geographic neighboring nodes to form maximal cliques. Then, we apply it to protocol LEACH by adding a pre-selection phase to elect representative nodes in each clique to be activated...
Main challenge in WSN (Wireless sensor network) faced by researcher is — battery life (energy of a node). In this paper general framework of distributed mechanism of multi-hop WN (wireless network) is considered. Cluster based routing protocols like Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Hybrid Energy Efficiency Protocol (HEEP), Threshold sensitive energy efficient network Protocol (TEEN)...
Main challenge in WSN (Wireless sensor network) faced by researcher is — battery life (energy of a node). In this paper general framework of distributed mechanism of multi-hop WN (wireless network) is considered. Cluster based routing protocols like Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Hybrid Energy Efficiency Protocol (HEEP), Threshold sensitive energy efficient network Protocol (TEEN)...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of independent sensors distributed across different locations, which are used to continuously record the environmental or physical conditions. The recorded data will be passed through the network from a sensor to a main location. Sensors life time is based on the battery power. Lower the battery power leads to decrease in lifetime for a sensor. It is important...
In this document, a protocol LEACH-1R meant for energy efficient & mobility aware congestion control is provided for MWSN. A LEACH-1R that transforms the LEACH by making use of first clustering round & performing the inter-cluster choosing of new CHs (cluster head) rather than aggregated reclustering. A MWSN is termed as a set of wireless mobile nodes & base station that generates an ad-hoc...
In this era of wireless communication, Wireless Sensor network (WSN) has drawn considerable attention to the researchers. This paper proposes a new scheme of energy efficient routing technique in WSN for surveillance of agricultural field from a distance place. In this scheme, a crop field is equipped with different types of sensor nodes with limited power source, placed randomly for sensing various...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a group of small sensor nodes having limited computation, memory, communication and sensing capabilities. The distributed nature and dynamic topology of WSN introduces very special requirements in conserving energy and providing security. To address these challenges, technique like secure and energy efficient clustering scheme with data aggregation has been developed...
There is large change in the utilization of wireless sensor network over the last few years. A Wireless sensor network essentially consists of a group of nodes deployed for monitoring the system via means of measurement of its parameters. WSN mostly consist of two terms i.e. wireless network and sensors. Wireless Sensor is a significant technology designed for large-scale monitoring, providing sensor...
The VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc Network) is a collection of mobile nodes forming a temporary network on variable topology, operating without base station and without centralized administration. The characteristics of VANET network that distinguishes it from other ad hoc networks, such as high mobility and communication with the infrastructure to support security or comfort applications, have prompted...
The need for energy-efficient routing and data gathering protocols in large-scale environments becomes very challenging. Hierarchical routing in WSNs is a very important topic. It has been widely investigated relative to energy efficiency based routing protocols. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy algorithm) is the pioneering cluster routing protocol in WSNs. However, it is not suitable...
WSN (Wireless sensor network) comprises of large number of tiny, inexpensive, computationally capable and energy constrained nodes that find use in various surveillance and monitoring applications. Data sensed by these nodes is transfused to the base station using various routing procedures. The pivotal issue in wireless sensor networks is of lifetime and energy conservation as the sensor nodes' energy...
Wireless Sensor Networks are the networks comprising of tiny, battery powered sensor nodes having limited processing, storage and radio capabilities. Protocols and applications designed for such networks have to be energy aware and energy conserving in order to prolong the lifetime of the network. The paper presents a comparison between the implementation of heterogeneous Low Energy Adaptive Clustering...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) give us the opportunity to monitor a variety of real time environmental conditions and it helps to make our lifestyle modernized. Usually, every sensor node (SNd) consists of a small battery which is difficult to recharge. The main problems with this WSN are to provide longer lifetime and to maintain the energy consumption level equal for every SNd. When SNds are deployed...
Optimization Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is necessary to reduce redundancy and energy consumption. To optimizing wireless sensor networks for secured data transmission both at cluster head and base station data aggregation is needed. Data aggregation is performed in every router while forwarding data. The life time of sensor network reduces because of employing energy inefficient nodes for data...
Wireless Sensor network (WSN) has added a new dimension in the field of wireless communication. As the sensor nodes are placed at remote places and are equipped with limited sources of battery power, proper energy efficient routing algorithms as well as clustering protocols are highly needed to make the system more energy efficient. Such an energy efficient clustering algorithm has been presented...
Wireless Sensor Networks is a resource constrained environment and security plays a major role in it. LEACH is one of the existing well-known cluster-based routing protocol. This protocol is vulnerable to several routing attacks, in which sinkhole attack is one of the most vulnerable threat. Intrusion Detection System is one of the efficient security mechanisms to counter the routing attacks by raising...
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