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This paper presents an alternative control scheme for offshore wind turbines (WTs) connected to the mainland grid through high voltage dc (HVDC) links based on voltage source converters (VSCs). The proposed WT controller inherently provides rapid droop-type frequency response, without the need to implement an additional WT frequency controller. A coordinated control approach is proposed between the...
This paper discusses the utilization options of high voltage direct current (HVDC) connected offshore wind farms (WFs) to contribute to the fast frequency control during overfrequency events. A disturbance such as a sudden loss of load in a grid will cause the frequency to increase; the first seconds in the response are shaped mainly by the total inertia level in the grid. With increasing share of...
During the recent years, the number of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) links, used for accommodating renewable energy sources and for interconnecting different power systems, has increased significantly. Apart from enhancing system stability, HVDC links can be used to provide ancillary services, such as frequency support. This paper investigates the potential of the energy storage capability of...
After explaining the scenario of large-scale thermal-wind generation with HVDC islanded sending in Northern China, this paper points out the frequency analysis and control is one of the key issues for the islanded sending system. Based on the frequency modeling of thermal power unit, wind turbine and DC transmission system, the fundamental frequency behavior of HVDC islanded sending was studied. To...
Offshore wind farms (WFs) connected to the grid via voltage-source converter based high voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) do not inherently participate in the primary frequency control of the main grid. This paper discusses possible approaches for participation of the offshore WF in the frequency control focusing on the primary frequency response during an overfrequency event caused by a sudden change in the...
This paper discusses the use of primary frequency response metrics to assess the dynamics of frequency disturbance data with the presence of high system non synchronous penetration (SNSP) and system inertia variation. The Irish power system has been chosen as a study case as it experiences a significant level of SNSP from wind turbine generation and imported active power from HVDC interconnectors...
HVDC transmission has characteristics that may be able to enhance the reliability and economic performance of the interconnected AC system. One characteristic of HVDC is that the schedules may be programmed. A second significant characteristic is that the speed of response over a long distance (500+ miles) is in the range of a few cycles. Two applications that might use the HVDC characteristics are...
Since the electricity industry unbundling, frequency control has became a service. It is mainly provided by synchronous generators connected to the transmission grid. Nevertheless, other synchronous entities (electric systems and offshore wind farms), which are not synchronously linked to the main interconnection, could technically contribute to the frequency control. Their participation is conditioned...
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