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Tyrosinase is a copper-containing bifunctional metalloenzyme, widely distributed around the phylogeny. This enzyme is involved in the production of melanin and some other pigments in humans, animals, etc. Abnormal accumulation of melanin, which is due to the overexpression of the enzyme, is called hyperpigmentation and underexpression is called vitiligo, which is a major skin problem around the world...
Alkaloids are very much important molecules, not only for chemical reasons but also because of theirdiverse biological activities. Up to now several reviews have been published explaining the use of biotransformationor microbial transformation techniques to modify alkaloids, which added several advantages over the classicalchemical transformation systems. This chapter is a critical update of the microbial...
Caffeine, a xanthine alkaloid, occurs in teaplants, coffee, mate leaves and cola nuts. It is also commonly found beverages, such as cola drinks, tea and energy drinks. In this work, two methods for the determination of caffeine in energy drinks by derivative spectrophotometry and by partial least — squares multivariate spectropho-tometric calibration (PLS-1) are described. Proposed methods...
Ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris, formerly Senecio jacobaea) is an ancient medicinal plant that has become a noxious weed. This injurious plant has caused considerable economic losses annually to both farmers and local and state authorities due to its toxic effect on livestock and excellent reproductive abilities. This prohibited plant requires the enforcement of numerous control measures to prevent its...
Many Guanine-rich DNA sequences are capable of forming G-quadruplex, such as the telomeric chromosomal terminals and the promoters of several genes including c-myc, c-kit and bcl-2 oncogenes. G-quadruplex structure have conspicuous biological significance and hence the ligands which can promote the formation and stabilize G-quadruplex have attracted much attention. In this paper, we have evaluated...
The preparation method of a wild foliage insecticide for environmental amity was studied in this paper. Microwave, ultrasound and macrospore resin were used in the extraction and separation of effective compounds from different wild foliages. The wild foliage insecticide was made through mixing the right amount of these effective compounds. The obtain optimal conditions were as follows: the demanded...
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