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Graphene‐supported mesoporous carbons with rich nitrogen self‐doped active sites (N‐MC/rGO) are prepared by direct pyrolysis of a graphene‐oxide‐supported polymer composite embedded with massive, evenly distributed amorphous FeOOH that serve as efficient thermally removable templates. The resulting N‐MC/rGO catalysts exhibit high surface areas and apparent electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction...
A one‐step soft‐template induced strategy is demonstrated for the controlled synthesis of nitrogen‐enriched core–shell structured cobalt−carbon nanoparticles (NPs) sequentially aligned on wrinkles of N‐doped carbon nanosheets (Co‐C@NWCs). The key feature of Co‐C@NWCs for ORR catalysis enhancement is that it combines high catalytic centers of Co‐C core–shell NPs with the wrinkle of carbon nanosheets...
Bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst: A metal–amino acid complex is developed to prepare high‐performance mesoporous carbon electrocatalyst for both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions. Such prepared catalyst can be used to assemble rechargeable zinc–air batteries with excellent durability. This work represents a new route toward low‐cost, highly active, and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts...
It is urgent to develop new kinds of low‐cost and high‐performance nonprecious metal (NPM) catalysts as alternatives to Pt‐based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal–air batteries, which have been proved to be efficient to meet the challenge of increase of global energy demand and CO2 emissions. Here, an economical and sustainable method is developed for the synthesis...
The electrocatalytic activity of Pt‐based alloys exhibits a strong dependence on their electronic structures, but a relationship between electronic structure and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in Ag‐based alloys is still not clear. Here, a vapor deposition based approach is reported for the preparation of Ag75M25 (M = Cu, Co, Fe, and In) and AgxCu100−x (x = 0, 25, 45, 50, 55, 75, 90, and...
Development of highly active and stable Pt‐free oxygen reduction reaction catalysts from earth‐abundant elements remains a grand challenge for highly demanded metal–air batteries. Ag‐based alloys have many advantages over platinum group catalysts due to their low cost, high stability, and acceptable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in alkaline solutions. Nevertheless, compared to commercial...
In article number 1700740, Yanyu Liang, Junhong Chen, and co‐workers report a novel copper‐based oxygen reduction electrocatalyst (Cu–N/C) facilely fabricated from copper‐doped ZIF‐8. The introduction of copper leads to not only a high‐surface‐area hierarchical structure, but also a unique hybrid coordination configuration of Cu0–Cu2+–N sites. Compared with commercial Pt/C, such highly open structures...
A transition‐metal–nitrogen/carbon (TM–N/C, TM = Fe, Co, Ni, etc.) system is a popular, nonprecious‐metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst for fuel cell and metal–air battery applications. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding about the ORR electrocatalytic mechanism on these catalysts, especially the roles of different forms of metal species on electrocatalytic...
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a key step that determines the performance of a variety of energy storage and conversion devices, such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Heteroatom‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes have attracted increasing interest and hold great promise as efficient ORR catalysts to replace noble‐metal‐based catalysts, owing to their unique structure characteristics,...
Expedition of electron transfer efficiency and optimization of surface reactant adsorption products desorption processes are two main challenges for developing non‐noble catalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and CO2 reduction reaction (CRR). A heterojunction prototype on Co3S4@Co3O4 core–shell octahedron structure is established via hydrothermal lattice anion exchange protocol to implement...
Nanocatalysts with high platinum (Pt) utilization efficiency are attracting extensive attention for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) conducted at the cathode of fuel cells. Ultrathin Pt‐based multimetallic nanostructures show obvious advantages in accelerating the sluggish cathodic ORR due to their ultrahigh Pt utilization efficiency. A focus on recent important developments is provided in using wet...
Searching for highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) using nonnoble metal‐based catalysts is essential for the development of many energy conversion systems, including rechargeable fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Here, Co9–xFexS8/Co,Fe‐N‐C hybrids wrapped by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (abbreviated as S‐Co9–xFe...
Durability of catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) should be guaranteed for long‐term operation of fuel cells. In article number 1802228, Hu Young Jeong, Hyeon Suk Shin, Hyun‐Kon Song, and co‐workers design a catalyst/support system to confine platinum nanoparticles within holes of graphene for suppressing platinum agglomeration. Spherical multifaceted platinum particles are evolved to...
An oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst/support system is designed to have Pt nanoparticles nanoconfined in a nanodimensionally limited space. Holey crumpled reduced graphene oxide plates (hCR‐rGO) are used as a carbon support for Pt loading. As expected from interparticular Pt‐to‐Pt distance of Pt‐loaded hCR‐rGO longer than that of Pt/C (Pt‐loaded carbon black as a practical Pt catalyst), the...
Highly efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution are essential for aqueous rechargeable Zn–air batteries, which require highly active sites as well as delicate structural design for increasing effective active sites and facilitating mass/electron transfer. Herein, a scalable and facile self‐catalyzed growth strategy is developed to integrate highly active...
Development of cost‐effective, active trifunctional catalysts for acidic oxygen reduction (ORR) as well as hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively) is highly desirable, albeit challenging. Herein, single‐atomic Ru sites anchored onto Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets are first reported to serve as trifunctional electrocatalysts for simultaneously catalyzing acidic HER, OER, and ORR...
Developing a rapid and low cost approach to access atomically dispersed metal catalysts (ADMCs) supported by carbon is important but still challenging. Here, an electric flash strategy using high voltage for the rapid fabrication of carbon‐supported ADMCs within 1 min is reported. Continuous plasma arc results in nitrogen‐doped carbon ultrathin nanosheets, while an intermittent spark pulse constructs...
Designing highly efficient and durable electrocatalysts that accelerate sluggish oxygen reduction reaction kinetics for fuel cells and metal–air batteries are highly desirable but challenging. Herein, a facile yet robust strategy is reported to rationally design single iron active centers synergized with local S atoms in metal–organic frameworks derived from hierarchically porous carbon nanorods (Fe/N,S‐HC)...
Zinc–air batteries (ZABs) exhibit high energy density as well as flexibility, safety, and portability, thereby fulfilling the requirements of power batteries and consumer batteries. However, the limited efficiency and stability are still the significant challenge. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are two crucial cathode reactions in ZABs. Development of bifunctional...
Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via the 2‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has emerged as a promising alternative to the energy‐intensive anthraquinone process and catalysts combining high selectivity with superior activity are crucial for enhancing the efficiency of H2O2 electrosynthesis. In recent years, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with the merits of maximum atom utilization...
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