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BackgroundRecent advancements in simulation permit patient‐specific rehearsal of carotid artery stenting procedures. This study evaluates the feasibility of transferring patient‐specific CT data into the simulator, creating a 3D reconstruction and performing a rehearsal. The face validity of the model was assessed.
Methods/ResultsBy thematic analysis of qualitative data, an algorithm was generated,...
BackgroundWe conducted a study of participants' abilities to place a laparoscopic port for in vivo biosensor use. Biosensors have physical limitations that make port placement crucial to proper data collection. A new port placement algorithm enabled evaluation of port locations, using segmented patient data in a virtual environment.
MethodsPort placement scoring algorithms were integrated into an...
BackgroundIn actual surgery, smoke and bleeding due to cauterization processes provide important visual cues to the surgeon, which have been proposed as factors in surgical skill assessment. While several virtual reality (VR)‐based surgical simulators have incorporated the effects of bleeding and smoke generation, they are not realistic due to the requirement of real‐time performance. To be interactive,...
BackgroundMedical simulators with vision and haptic feedback techniques offer a cost‐effective and efficient alternative to the traditional medical trainings. They have been used to train doctors in many specialties of medicine, allowing tasks to be practised in a safe and repetitive manner. This paper describes a virtual‐reality (VR) system which will help to influence surgeons' learning curves in...
BackgroundVirtual reality‐based simulators offer a cost‐effective and efficient alternative to traditional medical training and planning. Developing a simulator that enables the training of medical skills and also supports recognition of errors made by the trainee is a challenge. The first step in developing such a system consists of error identification in the real procedure, in order to ensure that...
BackgroundVR‐based surgery simulation provides a cost‐effective and efficient method to train novices. In this study, a virtual training system for maxillofacial surgery (VR‐MFS), which aims mainly at the simulation of operations on mandible and maxilla, was developed and demonstrated.
MethodsThe virtual models of the anatomic structures were reconstructed from CT data, and the virtual instruments...
BackgroundHigh‐frequency electricity is used in the majority of surgical interventions. However, modern computer‐based training and simulation systems rely on physically unrealistic models that fail to capture the interplay of the electrical, mechanical and thermal properties of biological tissue.
MethodsWe present a real‐time and physically realistic simulation of electrosurgery by modelling the...
BackgroundRestorative dentistry simulation is one of the most challenging applications involving virtual reality and haptics. This paper presents a haptics‐based tooth drilling simulator for dental education.
MethodsUnlike the existing methods, the force model is based on physical properties which consider the geometrical model of the tool. In order to provide uniform force feedback from tooth layers,...
Background
Depth perception is a major issue in augmented reality (AR)‐based surgical navigation. We propose an AR and virtual reality (VR) switchable visualization system with distance information, and evaluate its performance in a surgical navigation set‐up.
Methods
To improve depth perception, seamless switching from AR to VR was implemented. In addition, the minimum distance between the tip...
Background
Remote consultations that are realistic enough to be useful medically offer considerable clinical, logistical and cost benefits. Despite advances in virtual reality and vision hardware and software, these benefits are currently often unrealised.
Method
The proposed approach combines high spatial and temporal resolution 3D and 2D machine vision with virtual reality techniques, in order...
Background
Wearable technology is growing in popularity as a result of its ability to interface with normal human movement and function.
Methods
Using proprietary hardware and software, neuronavigation images were captured and transferred wirelessly via a password‐encrypted network to the head‐up display. The operating surgeon wore a loupe‐mounted wearable head‐up display during image‐guided parieto‐occipital...
Background
Manual laparoscopic surgery requires extensive training and familiarization. It has been suggested that motion inversion caused by the ‘fulcrum effect’ is key to motor challenges. We investigate the potential of a conceptual semi‐robotic handheld tool that negates natural inversion.
Methods
A custom laparoscopic simulator with haptic feedback was developed to allow interactive evaluation...
Background
Innovation in computer‐assisted surgery (CAS) aims to increase operative accuracy and improve safety by decreasing procedure‐related complications. The application of reality technologies, to CAS has begun to revolutionize orthopedic training and practice.
Methods
For this review, relevant published reports were found via searches of Medline (PubMed) data base using the following medical...
Background
In minimally invasive surgery, there are several challenges for training novice surgeons, such as limited field‐of‐view and unintuitive hand‐eye coordination due to performing the operation according to video feedback. Virtual reality (VR) surgical simulators are a novel, risk‐free, and cost‐effective way to train and assess surgeons.
Methods
We developed VR‐based simulations to accurately...
Background
Unsafe surgical care has emerged as a significant public health concern, motivated by a high percentage of major complications happening during surgery, attributed to surgeons' skills and experience, and determined to be preventable.
Methods
This article presents APSurg, an Abdominal Positioning Surgical system designed to improve awareness and safety during laparoscopic surgery. The...
Background
The implementation of lateral ventricle puncture (LVP) operation is challenging due to the complex anatomy structure of human brains. Surgical simulator has been proved to be effective in surgical training. However, few works consider the integration of visual and haptic feedback.
Methods
Aim at achieving a realistic haptic interaction, this paper proposes a haptic‐based virtual reality...
Background
Neurosurgery has exceptionally high requirements for minimally invasive and safety. This survey attempts to analyse the practical application of AR in neurosurgical navigation. Also, this survey describes future trends in augmented reality neurosurgical navigation systems.
Methods
In this survey, we searched related keywords ‘augmented reality’, ‘virtual reality’, ‘neurosurgery’, ‘surgical...
Background
Full‐procedure virtual reality (VR) simulator training in robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a new tool in surgical education.
Methods
Description of the development of a VR RARP simulation model, (RobotiX‐Mentor®) including non‐guided bladder neck (ngBND) and neurovascular bundle dissection (ngNVBD) modules, and assessment of face, content, and construct validation of...
Background and Aim
Most of the mixed reality models used in the surgical telepresence are suffering from the discrepancies in the boundary area and spatial–temporal inconsistency due to the illumination variation in the video frames. The aim behind this work is to propose a new solution that helps produce the composite video by merging the augmented video of the surgery site and virtual hand of the...
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