Obesity
Objective
To assess whether group dynamics are associated with weight loss, session attendance, and self‐monitoring adherence after 6 months of lifestyle intervention for obesity.
Methods
Women with obesity (N = 125; mean ± SD BMI = 37.84 ± 3.94 kg/m2; age = 51.99 ± 10.81 years) participated in a 24‐week group‐based lifestyle weight loss intervention and achieved a weight loss of 9.13 ± 7.15 kg...
Objective
The synthetic retinoid fenretinide (FEN) inhibits adiposity in male mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) in association with alterations in retinoic acid (RA) signaling. Young female mice are protected from obesity via estrogen signaling. We, therefore, investigated whether FEN also influences adiposity in aged female mice differing in parity and whether such effects are mediated by retinoid...
Objective
The effects of C‐peptide on adipose tissue, an organ involved in the development of obesity and insulin resistance, are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to determine whether C‐peptide could be involved in the regulation of the adipocytokine synthesis in human visceral adipose tissue.
Methods
The association between C‐peptide and different serum adipocytokines, with an intravenous...
Objective
Single gene mutations leading to severe obesity have so far been identified in 3‐5% cases in European populations. However, prevalence of these pathogenic mutations has not systematically been examined in specific consanguineous populations. Here we describe the incidence of obesity‐associated mutations through a step‐wise sequence analysis, in a cohort of 73 Pakistani children with severe...
Objective
Chemoreflex hypersensitity was caused by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study tested the hypothesis that hypocaloric diet and exercise training (D+ET) would improve peripheral and central chemoreflex sensitivity in patients with MetS and OSA.
Methods
Patients were assigned to: (1) D+ET (n = 16) and (2) no intervention control (C, n = 8)...
Objective
To examine whether overweight social network members and normative influence for obesity are associated with weight loss outcomes during obesity treatment.
Methods
Participants (N = 214) in a behavioral weight loss trial reported (a) the weight status of various members of their social network and (b) the level of obesogenic normative influence within their social network. Weight was...
Objective
To examine social network member characteristics associated with weight loss.
Methods
A cross‐sectional examination included egocentric network data from 245 Black and Hispanic adults with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 enrolled in a small change weight loss study. The relationships between weight loss at 12 months and characteristics of helpful and harmful network members (relationship, contact frequency,...
Objective
Cognitions and behaviors characteristic of binge eating are associated with a polymorphism in the FTO gene, robustly related to body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk. We investigated the association between binge eating and the individual and combined effect of 32 SNPs robustly associated with BMI in a population‐based sample. We hypothesized that higher BMI and binge eating might share...
Objective
The effect of providing antenatal dietary and lifestyle advice on secondary measures of maternal anthropometry was evaluated and their correlation with both gestational weight gain and infant birth weight was assessed.
Methods
In a multicenter, randomized controlled trial, pregnant women with BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 received either Lifestyle Advice or Standard Care. Maternal anthropometric outcomes...
Objective
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) can generate heat by burning fatty acids, a process mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). White adipose tissue (WAT) depots can gain BAT‐like properties, and various studies have suggested that females have more active BAT or BAT‐like WAT. We studied sex differences in BAT‐like properties of human perirenal adipose tissue.
Methods
Perirenal and subcutaneous...
Objective
In this study, the associations between vitamin D, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation and their relationships with adipose tissue expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and inflammatory markers in women with morbid obesity were determined.
Methods
An oral glucose tolerance test prior to surgery was completed by healthy premenopausal women (n = 76) seeking bariatric surgery. Abdominal...
Objective
The reports regarding the associations between childhood maltreatment (CM) and body fat composition remain heterogeneous in humans although they are indicated in preclinical studies. In addition, the effects of CM subtypes on different types of body fat are unclear. Thus, in this study, the associations between CM and its subtypes with body fat were determined and the potential pathways...
Objective
To describe the antiobesity drug‐prescribing patterns of US physicians over the past decade.
Methods
Data for adult patients were obtained from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Obesity was identified using ICD‐9 codes, BMI values, and a chronic‐obesity‐condition variable. For patients with obesity, a logistic‐regression...
Objective
This study investigated the effects of loss of Cthrc1 on adipogenesis, body composition, metabolism, physical activity, and muscle physiology.
Methods
Complete metabolic and activity monitoring as well as grip strength measurements and muscle myography was performed in Cthrc1 null and wildtype mice.
Results
Compared to wildtypes, Cthrc1 null mice had similar body weights but significantly...
Objective
To quantify the effectiveness of diet interventions by systematic review of the long‐term effects of energy restricted diets in individuals with overweight and obesity.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted for all clinical trials studying the effect of energy restricted diets on body weight in individuals with a BMI>25 kg/m2 with a follow‐up of at least 3 years and...
Objective
The study objective was to identify how food neophilia—having an adventurous eating style for new/different foods—may relate to body mass index (BMI).
Methods
A nationwide online survey was conducted in 2012 with a group of 501 diverse young women (mean age = 26.8, mean BMI = 25.96). Items measured eating adventurousness, perceptions of novel foods, lifestyle and psychological characteristics,...
ObjectiveSiblings born before (BMS) and after (AMS) maternal biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) show differences in the methylome. The objective was to use a sibling‐pair design to examine the effects from interpregnancy weight loss as a consequence of maternal bariatric surgery, other than BPD, on the methylome comparing BMS and AMS.
MethodsWomen with at least one child born before and one after bariatric...
ObjectiveTo estimate the indirect lifetime cost of childhood overweight and obesity for Germany.
MethodsThe lifetime cohort model consisted of two parts: (a) Model I used data from the German Interview and Examination Survey for Children on prevalence of BMI categories during childhood to evaluate BMI trajectories before the age of 18; and (b) Model II estimated lifetime excess indirect cost based...