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Objective
This paper aimed to test the reliability of two questionnaires in studies involving children and adolescents (aged 3‐18 years) in seven South American cities. One assesses socioeconomic status (SES) and the other measures environmental factors.
Methods
The SES questionnaire was composed of 14 questions, which included the presence of several consumer goods, domestic services, family income,...
Objective
The objective of this article is to test the reliability and validity of the new and innovative physical activity (PA) questionnaire.
Methods
Subsamples from the South American Youth/Child Cardiovascular and Environment Study (SAYCARE) study were included to examine its reliability (children: n = 161; adolescents: n = 177) and validity (children: n = 82; adolescents: n = 60). The questionnaire...
Objective
This study aimed to test the validity of an automatic oscillometric device to measure the blood pressure (BP) in children (n = 191) and adolescents (n = 127) aged 3 to 18 years.
Methods
Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) levels were measured simultaneous by automatic device and mercury column with Y‐connection. To verify the validity, Bland‐Altman plots and limits of agreement of...
Objective
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the overarching study design of the South American Youth/Child Cardiovascular and Environmental (SAYCARE) study, which is an observational multicenter feasibility study held in seven South American cities: Buenos Aires (Argentina), Lima (Peru), Medellin (Colombia), Montevideo (Uruguay), Santiago (Chile), and São Paulo and Teresina (Brazil). Children...
Objective
This study aimed to describe the development of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intake in South American children and adolescents.
Methods
A total of 345 children (aged 3‐10 years) and 357 adolescents (aged 11‐17 years) were included for analysis. The FFQ was designed to be self‐administered and to assess dietary intake over the past 3 months. It was developed in...
Background
The responses to behavioral, pharmacological, or surgical obesity treatments are highly individualized. The Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict obesity Treatment (ADOPT) project provides a framework for how obesity researchers, working collectively, can generate the evidence base needed to guide the development of tailored, and potentially more effective, strategies for obesity treatment...
Background
Within the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Project, the psychosocial domain addresses how psychosocial processes underlie the influence of obesity treatment strategies on weight loss and weight maintenance. The subgroup for the psychosocial domain identified an initial list of high‐priority constructs and measures that ranged from relatively...
Background
There is growing interest in how environment is related to adults' weight and activity and eating behaviors. However, little is known about whether environmental factors are related to the individual variability seen in adults' intentional weight loss or maintenance outcomes.
Objectives
The environmental domain subgroup of the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict obesity Treatment...
Background
The ability to identify and measure behaviors that are related to weight loss and the prevention of weight regain is crucial to understanding the variability in response to obesity treatment and the development of tailored treatments.
Objectives
The overarching goal of the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Project is to provide obesity researchers...
Background
Individual variability in response to multiple modalities of obesity treatment is well documented, yet our understanding of why some individuals respond while others do not is limited. The etiology of this variability is multifactorial; however, at present, we lack a comprehensive evidence base to identify which factors or combination of factors influence treatment response.
Objectives...
Low‐calorie sweeteners (LCS) are found in a variety of foods and beverages, yet their role in diet, weight, and obesity‐related chronic disease is controversial. This article summarizes proceedings from one of four presentations during a preconference session entitled “Low‐Calorie Sweeteners and Weight Management,” which took place at the 2017 Obesity Society Annual Meeting in Washington, District...
Objective: Many scientists and laypeople alike have concerns about low‐calorie sweeteners (LCSs). These concerns stem from both a dissatisfaction with the taste of LCSs and reports that they cause metabolic disruptions (e.g., weight gain, glucose intolerance).
Methods: This article provides a critical review of the literature on LCSs from the standpoint of their taste, gastrointestinal, and metabolic...
The use and impact of low‐calorie sweeteners (LCS) in relation to the national challenges of overweight and obesity are complex and controversial. Most research on LCS have focused on the prevalence of consumption of LCS in beverages. The 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee emphasized dietary patterns and health rather than a focus on specific nutrients or foods. The committee took this approach...
Objective:
The aim of this study is to review the control of energy balance and outline some causes of and remedies for excessive energy intake.
Methods:
A narrative review was conducted.
Results:
There is negative feedback control of energy intake and body weight, but, nonetheless, energy intake is only loosely coupled with energy expenditure. Consequently, we are vulnerable to eating in excess...
Objective
The aim of this study was to examine cross‐sectional associations between objectively measured sedentary time and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐assessed adiposity in a population at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and to determine whether associations are modified by the recommended levels of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA).
Methods
Sedentary time and MVPA were measured...
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