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Background
Although previous studies have assessed the relationship between smoking and diabetes using self‐reported questionnaires, interpretations may be limited by an underestimation of the actual smoking population. This study evaluated the relationship between smoking and diabetes using both self‐reported questionnaires and urine cotinine concentrations.
Methods
The present cross‐sectional...
Background
The relationship of cotinine‐verified vs self‐reported smoking status with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not known. This study investigated the effect of urinary cotinine‐verified vs self‐reported smoking status on incident MetS.
Methods
In all, 47 379 participants without MetS enrolled in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study and Kangbuk Samsung Cohort Study between 2011...
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