Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials
A biomaterial system with tunable mechanical properties was synthesized through random copolymerization of hexyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid. The composition, molecular weight, water absorption, glass transition temperature, and tensile properties of the polymer system were characterized, and the biocompatibility of the material was demonstrated by the ability of human...
To quantify the failure mechanisms related to the loosening of cemented hip joint replacements, novel techniques, capable of monitoring, nondestructively, the initiation and progression of failure during in vitro fatigue tests, were employed. Fatigue testing of model cement and cement‐stem test pieces was monitored using acoustic emission (AE) sensors. Once damage was detected, an ultrasonic imaging...
Background: Infection remains the main challenge to percutaneous, intramedullary osseointegrated implant technology. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if a broad spectrum antimicrobial, Ceragenin™ (CSA‐13) could prevent pin track infections in a percutaneous tibial pin site in a sheep model. Methods: In 20 sheep, a smooth titanium alloy pin/implant was inserted percutaneously through...
The biodegradable behaviors of monofilament suture made from bacterial biopolyester poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) (P3/4HB) was investigated both in lipase solution and by implant into rat tergal muscles. Results showed that the monofilament suture lost its tensile strength gradually accompanied by decrease of molecular weight. The suture retained ∼65% of its original strength after...
Epidural adhesion formation is believed to be a central governing factor in the prevalence of pain after spinal surgery and is regarded as being the primary instigator of neural tethering, leading to complications during revision surgery. In this study, we assess the effectiveness and safety of fibrin sealant supplemented with tributyrin, termed Medicated Adhesion Barrier (MAB), as an alternative...
A novel porous titanium foam implant has recently been developed to enhance biological fixation of orthopaedic implants to bone. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanical and histological characteristics of bone apposition into two different pore sizes of this titanium foam (565 and 464 micron mean void intercept length) and to compare these characteristics to those obtained with a fully...
The two main challenges facing dental composite restorations are secondary caries and bulk fracture. Previous studies developed whisker‐reinforced Ca‐PO4 composites that were relatively opaque. The objective of this study was to develop an esthetic glass particle‐reinforced, photo‐cured calcium phosphate composite. Tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particles were incorporated into a resin for Ca and PO...
This study aims to investigate the bioactivity of collagen II/hyaluronan/chondroitin‐6‐sulfate tri‐copolymer as bionic scaffold for nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering. Collagen II (C II) (pH 1–2) was mixed with hyaluronan (HyA) and lyophilized to prepare C II/HyA matrices. Chondroitin 6‐sulfate (6‐CS) was covalently attached to the C II/HyA matrices using 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide...
Functionally graded material (FGM) had been developed as a potential implant material to replace titanium for its improved capability of initial osseointegration. The idea behind FGM dental implant is that its properties can be tailored in accordance with the biomechanical needs at different regions adapting to its hosting bony tissues, therefore creating an improved overall integration and stability...
Purpose: To assess the effect of a 36% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel on the roughness, microhardness, indentation modulus, and micromorphology of zinc phosphate cement aged 24 h or 1 week, compared to cement not exposed to bleaching gel. Methods: Dynamic indentation was performed for microhardness and indentation modulus. Contact profilometry was performed for surface roughness. Scanning electron...
COLLOSS® E, an equine extracellular matrix product containing native transforming growth factor β1 and several bone morphogenetic proteins, has shown osteoinductive properties in ectopic sites. This study was set up to examine its properties in an orthotoptic site in conjunction with a β‐tricalciumphosphate (β‐TCP) scaffolding material. Thirty‐two 17‐mm circular defects in goat mandibles were filled...
Nanoparticles with innovative optical, chemical, and magnetic properties combined in a single nanoparticle may be useful as biosensors, targeting agents, and therapeutic agents in the biomedical field. This study describes new magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) containing the fluorescent dye rhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC) covalently encapsulated within the nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have been...
Self‐adhesive resin cements represents a new approach in indirect restorative dentistry, although little is known about its biological properties. The influence of the curing strategy on the biological response of a self‐adhesive resin cement (Rely‐X Unicem/3M ESPE) was evaluated through methyltetrazolium (MTT) and nitric oxide (NOx) assays. Cylindrical specimens (n = 48) were prepared and cured according...
This study was designed to derive central and peripheral oxygen transmissibility (Dk/t) thresholds for soft contact lenses to avoid hypoxia‐induced corneal swelling (increased corneal thickness) during open eye wear. Central and peripheral corneal thicknesses were measured in a masked and randomized fashion for the left eye of each of seven subjects before and after 3 h of afternoon wear of five conventional...
Lately, there has been a growing interest in how the presence of nanometer structures on a bone integrated implant surface influences the healing process. Recent in vitro studies have revealed an increased osteoblast response to different nanophase surfaces. Some commercial implant brands claim their implants have nanometer structures. However, at present, there are no studies where the nano topography...
This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 4‐acryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate‐tri‐n‐butylborane (4‐META/MMA‐TBB) resin containing chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate. The CHX was incorporated into the resins at varying concentrations from 0.0 (control) to 3.0%. The antibacterial effect of each resin against seven microorganisms was examined using agar diffusion tests...
One of the serious postoperative complications associated with joint replacement is bacterial infection. In addressing this problem, we have previously described the development of a novel thermal spraying technology combining silver (Ag) showing antibacterial activity with hydroxyapatite (HA) displaying good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, and reported the in vitro properties. This study...
The present work focuses on the physicochemical characterization of selected mineral‐based biomaterials that are frequently used in dental applications. The selected materials are commercially available as granules from different biological origins: bovine, porcine, and coralline. Natural and calcined human bone were used for comparison purposes. Besides a classical rationalization of chemical composition...
Sepsis is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection, and can result in organ failure and death. Removal of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines from the circulating blood is a promising treatment for severe sepsis. We are developing an extracorporeal hemoadsorption device to remove cytokines from the blood using biocompatible, polymer sorbent beads. In this study, we...
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the in vivo effectiveness of a TGF‐β2 and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐7‐immobilized porous polycaprolactone (PCL)/F127 scaffold to enhance the healing of cartilage defect. An osteochondral defect was created on the patellar groove of the right distal femur of 12 rabbits and managed by one of the following methods: filling it with the scaffold only (Group...