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Repair of central nervous system (CNS) lesions is difficulted by the lack of ability of central axons to regrow, and the blocking by the brain astrocytes to axonal entry. We hypothesized that by using bridges made of porous biomaterial and permissive olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG), we could provide a scaffold to permit restoration of white matter tracts. We implanted porous polycaprolactone (PCL)...
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone cancer that occurs mostly in children and young adults. This study investigated the cytotoxicity of Mg and Mg‐Ti microparticles to human osteosarcoma cells. Osteosarcoma cells were killed in a dosage‐dependent manner when cells, with a cell seeding density of 30,000 cells/cm2, were cultured with 0 to 2500 µg/mL of Mg or Mg‐Ti in cell culture media for 24–72 h. Mg‐Ti...
Periprosthetic infection via skin‐implant interface is a leading cause of failures and revisions in direct skeletal attachment of limb prostheses. Implants with deep porosity fabricated with skin and bone integrated pylons (SBIP) technology allow for skin ingrowth through the implant's structure creating natural barrier against infection. However, until the skin cells remodel in all pores of the implant,...
This study evaluated the influence of silica coating, primer type and its heat treatment on bond strength durability between resin cement and an yttrium‐stabilized polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia (Y‐TZP). Eighty (80) Y‐TZP blocks were allocated into 16 groups considering four factors: silica coating (without and with); type of primer (RelyX Ceramic Primer, a silane‐based primer; Single Bond Universal,...
Direct pulp capping is an important procedure for preserving pulp viability. The pulp capping agent must possess several properties, including usability, biocompatibility, and the ability to induce reparative dentin formation. In this study, a novel bioactive glass‐based cement was examined to determine whether the cement has the necessary properties to act as a direct pulp capping agent. Physicochemical...
Scaffolds implanted into bone defect sites must achieve optimal biodegradation rates while appropriately filling the void as new bone formation progresses. We recently developed a unique biomaterial consisting of salmon deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) and protamine, which can be used as an osteoconductive scaffold for tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to elucidate how the degradation...
Calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics are being increasingly used to repair critical bone defect for biocompatibility, biosafety, porous structure and osteoinduction. Wnt and Notch signaling pathways are conservative and classic signaling pathways regulating osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). In this study, we evaluated the expression of Wnt, Notch signal pathways...
The head‐neck taper junction has been widely reported to corrode leading to adverse tissue reactions. Taper corrosion is a poorly understood phenomenon but has been associated with oxide layer damage and ingress of corrosive physiological fluids. Micromotion may damage the oxide layer; although little is understood about the prevailing stresses which cause this. The ingress of fluid around the joint...
It is becoming increasingly accepted that to understand and model the bacterial colonization and infection of abiotic surfaces requires the use of a biofilm model. There are many bacterial colonizations by at least two primary species, however this is difficult to model in vitro. This study reports the development of a simple mixed‐species biofilm model using strains of two clinically significant...
A series of siloxane poly(urethane‐urea) (SiPUU) were developed by incorporating a macrodiol linked with a diisocyanate to enhance mixing of hard and soft segments (SS). The effect of this modification on morphology, surface properties, surface elemental composition, and creep resistance was investigated. The linked macrodiol was prepared by reacting α,ω‐bis(6‐hydroxyethoxypropyl) poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)...
Skin injuries represent a health problem with consequences in terms of morbidity, disability and life quality. Numerous strategies have been developed for the treatment of wounds, including skin substitutes, biomembranes, scaffolds, and smart dressings. The excellent properties of fibroin can be exploited for the development of advanced wound dressing biomaterials, aiming at promoting the wound healing...
We investigated the effect of silk fibroin (SF) on wound healing in mice. SF or an amorphous SF film (ASFF) prepared from silk produced by the wild‐type silkworm Bombyx mori (WT‐SF, WT‐ASFF) or by transgenic worms that overexpress the Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) sequence (TG‐SF, TG‐ASFF) was placed on 5‐mm diameter full‐thickness skin wounds made by biopsy punch on the back of 8–12 week‐old BALB/c mice. Each...
Critical‐sized bone defects constitute a major health issue in orthopedics and usually cause mal‐unions due to an inadequate number of migrated progenitor cells into the defect site or their incomplete differentiation into osteogenic precursor cells. The current study aimed to develop an optimized osteoinductive and angiogenic scaffold by incorporation of strontium (Sr) and bioglass (BG) into gelatin/nano‐hydroxyapatite...
Highly porous Ti implant materials are being used in order to overcome the stress shielding effect on orthopedic implants. However, the lack of bioactivity on Ti surfaces is still a major concern regarding the osseointegration process. It is known that the rapid recruitment of osteoblasts in bone defects is an essential prerequisite for efficient bone repair. Conventionally, osteoblast recruitment...
Ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is the most popular material used for the articulating surface of joint replacements. Delamination is a common fatigue‐related failure mode in UHMWPE components; however, the relationship between delamination resistance and fatigue crack growth has not been reported. Here, the delamination resistance of contemporary UHMWPE materials, including highly...
Bone cement materials have some disadvantages, including slow degradation and no biological activity, which greatly weakens their clinical application. Therefore, the search for a multifunctional bioactive bone cement has become urgent. In this study, a novel bone cement sample of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP)/chitosan‐strontium (Sr)‐calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was developed. The structure...
The objective of this work was a systemic evaluation of the anodizing treatment in a β‐type Ti‐15Mo alloy to grow a TiO2 nanostructured layer for osseointegration improvement. The technical viability of the surface modification was assessed based on the resistance to mechanical fatigue, electrochemical corrosion, and biological response. By using an organic solution of NH4F in ethylene glycol, a well‐organized...
The majority of synthetic polymers used in 3 D printing are not designed to promote specific cellular interactions and hence possess limited bioactivity. Most of the strategies proposed to overcome this limitation demand multiple and expensive processing steps. This study aimed to evaluate the surface modification of 3D‐printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds with polydopamine (PDA) coating as an...
Although it only accounts for approximately 5% of all female cancer cases, ovarian cancer (OC) ranks as the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women. We have evaluated the potential of an orally administered microparticulate vaccine incorporating an immunodominant epitope peptide derived from the cancer/testis antigen sperm protein 17 (SP17) aberrantly expressed in OC, to retard the progression...
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