Cancer
BACKGROUND:B‐cell translocation gene 3 (BTG3/ANA/APRO4) is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in some malignancies. We report here that B‐cell translocation gene 3 (BTG3) is transcriptionally down‐regulated in prostate cancer and the mechanism of inactivation is through promoter hypermethylation.
METHODS:Prostate cancer and normal cell lines were treated with different doses of genistein and 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine...
BACKGROUND:The authors sought to determine the incidence and severity of cardiovascular toxicity caused by imatinib mesylate in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and other sarcoma patients, and to explore cardiotoxicity caused by imatinib mesylate using cell culture and in vitro models.
METHODS:To determine the incidence and significance of serious cardiac adverse events in GIST and other sarcoma...
BACKGROUND:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are myofibroblastic lesions with unpredictable biologic behavior that occur at a young age. For this report, the authors investigated clinicopathologic features in a series of pediatric IMTs. The objective of the study was to identify morphologic or immunohistochemical prognostic markers and the possible pathogenic role of human herpes virus 8...
BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to independently evaluate the objective response rate of sorafenib and sorafenib plus low‐dose interferon‐alfa 2b (IFN) as frontline therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).
METHODS:Untreated patients with clear cell mRCC were randomized to receive sorafenib 400 mg orally twice daily or sorafenib 400 mg orally twice daily plus subcutaneous...
BACKGROUND:In a long‐term retrospective immunohistochemical study of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland, we investigated the relation of p63 immunodetection to prognosis. Although it is generally agreed that the solid pattern is the most aggressive pattern of growth, ACCs with predominantly cribriform or tubular patterns have an unpredictable clinical course, with a relatively favorable...
BACKGROUND:Acute pulmonary failure during remission induction therapy is a serious complication in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To the authors' knowledge, the course and prognosis of such patients is not well known.
METHODS:A total of 1541 patients referred for remission induction chemotherapy of AML or high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS:A total...
BACKGROUND:Allopurinol and urate oxidase are both effective in preventing or treating hyperuricemia during remission induction therapy for lymphoid malignancies, but to the authors' knowledge, their effects on concomitant anticancer drug therapy have not been compared.
METHODS:The authors compared plasma methotrexate pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic...
BACKGROUND:Aggressive fibromatosis (AF) is a rare tumor of intermediate malignancy that has a strong potential for local invasiveness and recurrence. To date, there are no general recommendations for the clinical management of pediatric AF.
METHODS:The authors retrospectively analyzed 94 patients aged ≤21 years, including 23 patients who underwent complete surgery (Group I), 42 patients who underwent...
BACKGROUND:Poor expression of microRNAs (miRs) reportedly plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. Large‐scale microarray assays have indicated that there is significant down‐regulation of miR‐218 in gastric cancer. miR‐218 also was decreased specifically in human papillomavirus‐positive cell lines, cervical lesions, and cervical cancer tissues and in bronchial airway epithelium in smokers...
BACKGROUND:Procalcitonin has been well established as an important marker of sepsis and systemic infection. The authors evaluated the diagnostic and predictive value of calcitonin and its prohormone procalcitonin in medullary thyroid cancer.
METHODS:The authors systematically explored the ability of calcitonin and procalcitonin to identify medullary thyroid cancer and predict the endpoints local...
BACKGROUND:The objective of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility and toxicity of radiation dose escalation with concurrent chemotherapy using helical tomotherapy (HT) in patients with inoperable, locally advanced, stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (LANSCLC) (grading determined according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer 6th edition grading system).
METHODS:This phase 1/2 study...
BACKGROUND:The Mayo Lung Project (MLP) was a randomized clinical trial designed to test whether periodic screening by chest x‐ray reduced lung cancer (LC) mortality in men who were high‐risk smokers. Among MLP participants, there were more deaths from LC in the screening arm both at the trial's end and after long‐term follow‐up. Overdiagnosis was cited widely as an explanation for the MLP results,...
BACKGROUND:African‐American women have increased breast cancer mortality compared with white women. Diagnostic and treatment gaps may contribute to this disparity.
METHODS:In this retrospective, longitudinal cohort study, Southern US health plan claims data and linked medical charts were used to identify racial disparities in the diagnoses, treatment, and mortality of commercially insured women with...
BACKGROUND:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors may have efficacy as an intervention for advanced malignancies. Oral ulceration (OU), reported as mucositis, has been a dose‐limiting toxicity for this new class of agents. An analysis of the appearance, course, and toxicity associations of mTOR inhibitor‐associated stomatitis (mIAS) demonstrated that the condition is distinct from conventional...