The possibility of studying the erosive wear of protective coatings of full-scale aircraft by means of a mobile heterogeneous jet flow of limited area is considered and substantiated as an alternative to traditional research methods based on the use of scale models of samples, wind tunnels, and water-hammer test benches. Experimental data on the destruction of coatings as a function of the time of exposure to a jet flow of limited area are given, which show a linear dependence of the area of the destroyed coating on time. A mathematical model is proposed for calculating coating-material wear. The components of a feasible experimental device operating on these principles are described.