When in 1692 Jesuit Father Eusebio Francisco Kino first visited the Wa:k community and referenced it as San Xavier del Bac it was located to the north of its present location in Arizona. The church would have been located within the Sobaipuri O’odham village, but debate surrounding the location of the first church is complicated by the questions as to what constitutes a church in this frontier region, which part of the textual record should be privileged, and, accordingly, who can be credited with constructing the first church. Evidence from a variety of sources elucidates the history of Wa:k, including archaeology, Spanish documentary sources, and oral history. Alternative suggestions as to the location of San Xavier’s first churches are discussed. It is argued that the first two churches were in Kino’s time and these were located to the north of the current Franciscan church, as were the Segesser and Espinosa churches, before the village was moved south and a new Franciscan church was built in the 1770s.