AbstractParadiplosis manii infesting Abies firma needles was found for the first time in Honshu and Kyushu, Japan. The mature larva of Paradiplosis manii is described for the first time and some adult features that were not precisely referred to in the original description are described, together with notes on its host plant range, gall, life history, and geographical distribution. The percentages of galled needles were significantly different among census trees, and galls were not formed on the trees on which all shoots were unopened in the midge emergence season. Relative abundance of galled to ungalled needles on current shoots was significantly reduced from June to December, 1999, indicating that galled needles fell to the ground earlier than ungalled needles.