Advances in interventional endoscopy involve more and more frequently the treatment of oesophageal diseases, in early oesophageal cancer, achalasia, or malignant or benign strictures. Bleeding and perforation are the most common complications observed during these proceprocedures. Some specific endoscopic techniques dedicated for complications management should be mastered before the procedure. Patients should be informed about potential complications. These risks must be anticipated. Many of these complications can be currently controlled by medical and endoscopic means. The use of surgical treatment should be recognized when necessary.