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Using an atomic force microscope, the running-in process of a single crystalline silicon wafer coated with native oxide layer (Si-SiOx) against a SiO2 microsphere was investigated under various normal loads and displacement amplitudes in ambient air. As the number of sliding cycles increased, both the friction force Ft of the Si-SiOx/SiO2...
Nowadays it is accepted that the friction force is a combined effect arising from various phenomena: adhesive forces, capillary forces, contact elasticity, topography, surface chemistry, and generation of a third body, etc. Any of them can dominate depending on the experimental force and length scales of the study. Typical forces in macro-tribology are in the Newtons, while are reduced to milli-/micro-Newtons,...
The term “structural lubricity” denotes a fundamental concept where the friction between two atomically flat surfaces is reduced due to lattice mismatch at the interface. Under favorable circumstances, its effect may cause a contact to experience ultra-low friction, which is why it is also referred to as “superlubricity”. While the basic principle is intriguingly simple, the experimental analysis...
Friction is a phenomenon observed ubiquitously in daily life, yet its nature is complicated. Friction between rough surfaces is considered to arise primarily because of macroscopic roughness. In contrast, interatomic forces dominate between clean and smooth surfaces. “Superlubricity”, where friction effectively becomes zero, occurs when the ratio of lattice parameters in the pair of surfaces becomes...
A complete understanding of the mechanism of boundary lubrication is a goal that scientists have been striving to achieve over the past century. Although this complicated process has been far from fully revealed, a general picture and its influencing factors have been elucidated, not only at the macroscopic scale but also at the nanoscale, which is sufficiently clear to provide effective instructions...
Thermally grown surface oxide layers dominate the single-asperity tribological behavior of a Zr60Cu30Al10 glass. Increase in oxidation time leads to an increased contribution of shearing and a corresponding decreased contribution of ploughing to friction. This change in the dominating friction and wear mechanism results in an overall minor decrease of the friction coefficient of oxidized surfaces...
We have investigated the sliding friction behavior of metallic couples with different enthalpy of mixing or reaction by friction force microscopy. Comparing the friction behavior of miscible and immiscible couples we find that in the first case friction is governed by adhesion while the shear strength is low (τ = 3–6 MPa). In the latter case of immiscible couples, adhesion is found to be low and the...
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