International Journal of Behavioral Medicine

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Cardiovascular reactivity in cardiovascular disease: “Once more unto the breach”

Stephen B. Manuck

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 1 > 4-31

Discussed here are conceptual and methodologic issues that bear on the role of bebaviorally evoked cardiovascular reactivity in cardiovascular disease. It is argued that recent criticisms concerning the validity of cardiovascular reactivity as a stable dimension of individual differences arise from inadequacies of measurement prevalent in prior literature. With standardization of test stimuli and...

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Epidemiology of headache in children and adolescents: Evidence of high prevalence of migraine among girls under 10

R. Pothmann, S. V. Frankenberg, B. Müllcr, G. Sartory, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 1 > 76-89

An epidemiological study was carried out among schoolchildren from three “forms” (grades) corresponding to ages 8 to 9 years, 12 to 13 years, and 15 to 16 years, respectively. Two representative samples, totaling 4,835, were extracted from the children, who completed the questionnaires in the urban district of Wupperlal and the adjacent, more rural area of Mettmann in Germany. The prevalence of headache...

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Distress, denial, and low adherence to behavioral interventions predict faster disease progression in gay men infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Gail Ironson, Andrea Friedman, Nancy Klimas, Michael Antoni, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 1 > 90-105

This study examined psychological predictors of 2-year disease progression in gay men after finding out their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus. Psychological and immune status of asymptomatic gay men who did not know their HIV serostatus was monitored during the 5 weeks before and after serostatus notification. The men were randomly assigned to an exercise, cognitive-behavioral stress-management...

article

An international journal in behavioral medicine: “Unto the breach”

Neil Schneiderman

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 1 > 1-3

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Empirical contributions

Gunilla Burell, Arne Öhman, Örjan Sundin, Gunnar Ström, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 1 > 32-54

This study examined the effects of Type A modification on a sample of 49 male post—myocardial infarction patients. These patients were classified as showing Type A behavior, were below the age of 65, and did not have severe angina pectoris or arrythmias. They were randomly assigned either to Type A group treatment or to cardiologic counseling (control condition). The treatment period was 1 year—with...

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Psychophysiological effects of cardiac rehabilitation in post-myocardial infarction patients

Örjan Sundin, Arne Öhman, Gunilla Burell, Thomas Palm, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 1 > 55-75

Psychophysiological reactivity and cardiovascular functioning were assessed in 40 patients with coronary heart disease before and after taking part in either a Type A modification training program or a control condition. Treated patients showed an overall attenuated heart rale (HR) response and prolonged diastolic time to mental stress performance, during recovery and rest periods, as compared to...

article

Atopic dermatitis and stress: Possible role of negative communication with significant others

Anke Ehlers, Anja Osen, Kerstin Wenninger, Uwe Gieler

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 2 > 107-121

Clinical reports have related stressful social interactions to the course of atopic dermatitis (AD). Controlled behavioral observations of interaction patterns of AD patients and their significant others, however, were lacking. In two studies. adult AD patients and their mothers (N ₁ = 26) or partners (N ₂ = 67) engaged in a discussion of a mutual problem. Their verbal and nonverbal communication...

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Parental prompting of smoking among adolescents in Tijuana, Mexico

James F. Sallis, Kamala Deosaransingh, Susan I. Woodruff, Rigoberto Vargas, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 2 > 122-136

Latino adolescents in the United States and Mexico may have higher rates of tobacco experimentation than other ethnic groups, possibly due to cultural factors and parental influences. This study examined three parental behaviors that may prompt smoking in children in Grades 3, 5, 7, and 9 in Tijuana, Mexico. Surveys were administered to 758 students in randomly selected classes in randomly selected...

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Resting parasympathetic status and cardiovascular response to orthostatic and behavioral challenges in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Barry E. Hurwitz, Ruth E. Quilhan, Jennifer B. Marks, Neil Schneiderman, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 2 > 137-162

Alterations in cardiac autonomic innervation are commonly seen in individuals with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we used a cluster analysis to quantitatively separate individuals with Type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1DDM) on the basis of assessment of autonomic mediation of resting cardiac function and compared these two IDDM groups with nondiabetic control subjects. One group, termed...

article

Differential effects of active and passive laboratory stressors on immune function in healthy men

Sandra G. Zakowski, Lorenzo Cohen, Martica H. Hall, Kelly Wollman, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 2 > 163-184

The immunomodulatory effects of acute laboratory stressors were examined by comparing active and passive stressors in a between-subjecls design. Healthy male volunteers (N = 67) were recruited and randomly assigned to an active. passive, or no stressor condition. Subjects were exposed to either the Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks (active), two surgery films (passive), or two nature films (no stress)...

article

Lipid lowering through work stress reduction

Kristina Orth-Gomér, Ingeborg Eriksson, Vanja Moser, Töres Theorell, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 3 > 204-214

Swedish civil servants, who reported considerable stress while working in larger government authorities, were randomized into either a work stress reduction intervention or a control group. Four work units constituted the intervention group (n = 94), and one unit formed the control group (n = 35). Participants in the two groups were of similar age and two thirds were women. Psychosocial, lifestyle,...

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Comparison of cardiac versus vascular reactors and ethnic groups in plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine responses to stress

Kathleen C. Light, J. Rick Turner, Alan L. Hinderliter, Susan S. Girdler, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 3 > 229-246

This study examined differences in plasma epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NOREPI) responses to stressors in 67 healthy African-American and Caucasian American men and women of the ages 18 to 49. Subjects were divided into three groups: (a) those who showed high blood pressure (BP) responses to stress associated with consistently high cardiac output (CO) increases with no substantial increases...

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Exercise and dietary modification with women of non-english speaking background: A pilot study with polish-australian women

Wendy J. Brown, Christina Lee

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 3 > 185-203

Health promotion programs aimed at the general community often fail to reach Australians of non-English speaking background (NESB) because of language and cultural barriers. A 12-week minimal-intervention heart health program, designed for women of European background, was piloted with 43 women from a Polish social group, with a further 30 women serving as a comparison group. Assessments of the intervention...

article

Psychophysiological effects of habitual caffeine consumption

Jack E. James

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 3 > 247-263

Caffeine is the most widely consumed pharmacologically active substance in the world, and a key issue concerning its possible implications for human health is whether it has persistent (i.e., chronic) physiological effects on habitual consumers. This study examined blood pressure, heart rate (HR), electromyogram (EMG), and skin conductance level (SCL) in 36 healthy men and women exposed to a pattern...

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Association between smoking status and cardiovascular and cortisol stress responsivity in healthy young men

Mark P. Roy, Andrew Steptoe, Clemens Kirschbaum

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 3 > 264-283

Acutely, cigarette smoking stimulates increases in blood pressure (BP). heart rate (HR), and cortisol, but little evidence is available concerning the impact of habitual smoking status on cardiovascular stress responsivity. This relation was assessed in 86 healthy male firefighters, age 19 to 31, comprising 52 nonsmokers and 34 smokers. Measures of BP, HR, salivary free cortisol, breathing pattern,...

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Sensory effects of baroreceptor activation and perceived stress together predict long-term blood pressure elevations

T. Elbert, B. R. Dworkin, H. Rau, P. Pauli, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 3 > 215-228

Activating the arterial baroreceptors in animals has been shown to blunt pain sensation and provide other forms of central nervous system inhibition. This study tested the hypothesis that, among human subjects, a tonic increase in blood pressure (BP) could be a learned response to environmental stressors among subjects in whom the baroreceptor inhibitory mechanism is active. In a sample of 96 healthy,...

article

Anxiety, depression, and heart disease in women

Kathryn Graff Low, Carl E. Thoresen, Jerry R. Pattillo, Abby C. King, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 4 > 305-319

This is an extension of previous research that has reported on psychosocial risk factors in women participants in the Recurrent Coronary Prevention Project (RCPP). The RCPP women (N = 83) were under 65 years of age, non-diabetic, non-smoking and had experienced a myocardial infarction (MI) at least 6 months prior to the study. Baseline data was available on 80 RCPP subjects. Seventy three non-smoking,...

article

1-Year stability and prediction of cardiovascular functioning at rest and during laboratory stressors in youth with family histories of essential hypertension

Frank Treiber, R. Austin Raunikar, Harry Davis, Trimika Fernandez, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 4 > 335-353

Blood pressure (BP), heart rate, cardiac index, and total peripheral resistance index were measured at rest and in response to postural change, forehead cold stimulation, and a video game challenge in a sample of 128 White and 155 African-American normotensive youth with family histories of essential hypertension (EH). These measurements were readministered 1 year later (12.5 ± 3.2 months). Moderate...

article

Psychophysiological stress and emg activity of the trapezius muscle

Ulf Lundberg, Roland Kadefors, Bo Melin, Gunnar Palmerud, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 4 > 354-370

Although it is generally assumed that mental stress induces muscular tension, the experimental data have, so far, been inconclusive. Likely explanations for these inconsistent findings are (a) too small subject samples in some experiments, (b) the use of only one type of stress stimulation, and (c) the lack of objective (physiological) measurements documenting the stress-inducing properties of the...

article

Health-related behaviors in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, and North Karelia, Finland

Tiina K. M. Matilainen, Pekka Puska, Mari -Anna K. Berg, Svetlana Pokusajeva, more

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine > 1994 > 1 > 4 > 285-304

Risk factors and health behaviors related to chronic diseases were studied in a population survey in Pitkiiranta District in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, and in North Karelia, Finland, in Spring 1992 (Puska, Matilainen etal., 1993). The random sample of the population (25 to 64 years) was 1,000 in Pitkäranta and 2,000 in North Karelia. Among men there were more current smokers in Pitkäranta than...

INFONA - science communication portal

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine

Cardiovascular reactivity in cardiovascular disease: “Once more unto the breach”

Epidemiology of headache in children and adolescents: Evidence of high prevalence of migraine among girls under 10

Distress, denial, and low adherence to behavioral interventions predict faster disease progression in gay men infected with human immunodeficiency virus

An international journal in behavioral medicine: “Unto the breach”

Empirical contributions

Psychophysiological effects of cardiac rehabilitation in post-myocardial infarction patients

Atopic dermatitis and stress: Possible role of negative communication with significant others

Parental prompting of smoking among adolescents in Tijuana, Mexico

Resting parasympathetic status and cardiovascular response to orthostatic and behavioral challenges in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Differential effects of active and passive laboratory stressors on immune function in healthy men

Lipid lowering through work stress reduction

Comparison of cardiac versus vascular reactors and ethnic groups in plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine responses to stress

Exercise and dietary modification with women of non-english speaking background: A pilot study with polish-australian women

Psychophysiological effects of habitual caffeine consumption

Association between smoking status and cardiovascular and cortisol stress responsivity in healthy young men

Sensory effects of baroreceptor activation and perceived stress together predict long-term blood pressure elevations

Anxiety, depression, and heart disease in women

1-Year stability and prediction of cardiovascular functioning at rest and during laboratory stressors in youth with family histories of essential hypertension

Psychophysiological stress and emg activity of the trapezius muscle

Health-related behaviors in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, and North Karelia, Finland

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