JOM
Thomas W. Eagar earned his Sc. D. in metallurgy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1975. He is currently head of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering and POSCO Professor of Materials Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Eagar is also a member of TMS.
The oxidation mechanism of copper-sulfide concentrates is of fundamental interest in an understanding of flash smelting and converting. The compositions of mattes follow simple, well-defined relationships, and the progression of iron and sulfur oxidation in smelting and converting occurs in such a manner that generates mattes of these compositions.
Quality-cost modeling is a method for obtaining approximate yet quantitative information regarding the potential of emerging manufacturing processes to produce highquality, cost-competitive advanced materials. The modeling method is based on the concept of an affordability space—a set of reachable combinations of cost and performance (quality) unique to a particular process and material. The analysis...
G.L. Liedl is a professor and head of the School of Materials Engineering at Purdue University. V. Koebnick is manager of education at TMS.
Over 5,000 years, our quest for metals has led us to strange lands, on bold adventures, through terrible hardships, and to great riches and devastating failures. Immeasurably, the fates of entire nations and peoples have been shaped by this quest.
The Mitsubishi process for the continuous smelting and converting of copper holds many advantages over conventional processes, where reactions must be conducted in numerous steps and melts must be tapped frequently from the furnaces. The furnaces operate like steady-state reactors with constant melt volume, composition, and temperature. Therefore, optimal control of the process is straightforward,...
Technical cost modeling is a methodology that breaks cost down into its constituent elements and estimates these elements based on sound, validated principles. In any new technology deployment where cost is an important maxim of business success—generally, all situations—cost modeling can and should be part of the process. This article discusses the application of technical cost modeling to the demands...
For more information on acquiring EPD Congress 1998, contact TMS Customer Service at 420 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, Pennsylvania 15086; (724) 776-9000, ext. 270; fax (724) 776-3370; e-mail csc@tms.org. You can also visit the following World Wide Web address: www.tms.org/pubs/Books/Eachbook/3680.html.
A direct smelting method has been tested on a pilot-scale for the recovery of silver from sulfide minerals. The charge may be processed with iron as a reducing agent and soda as a fluxing agent or with soda ash as an oxidizer and carbon. Precious metals are gathered with lead, which can be added as metallic lead if it exists in the technological cycle or may be available in the form of battery powder...
The lightest of all metals, lithium is used in a variety of applications, including the production of organolithium compounds, as an alloying addition to aduminum and magnesium, and as the anode in rechargeable lithium ion batteries. All of the world’s primary lithium is produced by molten salt electrolysis. This article reviews the current technology for lithium extraction and assesses the prospects...
Conclusion The incremental incorporation of new processing steps in the 1450s allowed Venetian cristallo glass to be made in response to perceived consumer demand. The purification of the alume catino ash was the key that allowed cristallo production in the 15th and 16th centuries. However, other steps were involved: the careful selection of a source for SiO2, the addition of the proper amount of...
Todetermine new directions in the lithium international market, it is instructive to look at a few of the major features of the market 20 years ago and today and identify long-term trends. From this discourse, it seems that a decrease in the price of lithium carbonate is not likely to result in much increase in demand from existing end-uses, except possibly in the field of glass and ceramics. Growth...