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Age-related muscle loss, termed sarcopenia, has been linked to an increased risk of falls, disability, and mortality. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive measurement tool to estimate normalized fat-free mass index (FFMI), a means of identifying sarcopenia, in community-dwelling older adults. Functionally relevant measurements including mobility tests, food records, circumference...
Dual tasks that involve walking and cognitive interference tests are commonly used in mobility assessments and interventions. However, factors that explain variance in dual-task performance costs are poorly understood. We, therefore, examined the moderating effects of two putative constructs, postural reserve and hazard estimate, on performance on a walking while talking paradigm. Participants were...
Mild parkinsonian signs (MPS) and gait abnormalities are common in aging, but the association between MPS and objective gait measures is not established in the elderly. This study aims to identify the link between MPS and quantitative gait measures, as well as to determine the pathogenesis of MPS in non-demented community-dwelling older adults without idiopathic Parkinson’s disease or other parkinsonian...
Gait control depends in part on cognition. This study aims to examine the separate and combined effects of episodic memory and executive function impairments on the mean value and the coefficient of variation (CoV) of stride time among non-demented older community dwellers. Based on a cross-sectional design, 1458 older community dwellers without dementia (70.6 ± 4.9 years; 49.2 % female) were recruited...
The linkage between gait and cognition has been shown in cases of white matter lesion (WML) that affect gait in older adults. Dual-task walking is believed to be cognitively demanding and to alter trunk movement, and gait impairment in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is highlighted under this condition. However, the association between dual-task walking and structural changes in the brain,...
A U-shaped relationship between cognitive demand and gait control may exist in dual-task situations, reflecting opposing effects of external focus of attention and attentional resource competition. The purpose of the study was twofold: to examine whether gait control, as evaluated from step-to-step variability, is related to cognitive task difficulty in a U-shaped manner and to determine whether age...
The aims of this study were to (1) determine if older people at their fast walking speed (FWS) are able to reach the speed required at pedestrian crossings (>1.2 m/s) and (2) determine the role of cognitive impairment on the ability to alter speed and walk quickly. Participants were recruited from the Angers Memory Clinic, France. Gait speed was assessed at preferred and FWS using a GAITRite walkway...
There is correlative evidence that impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation, in addition to promoting cognitive impairment, is also associated with alterations in gait and development of falls in elderly people. CBF is adjusted to neuronal activity via neurovascular coupling (NVC) and this mechanism becomes progressively impaired with age. To establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship between...
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