Transport in Porous Media

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Modelling and Numerical Simulations of Contaminant Transport in Naturally Fractured Porous Media

Mauricio Kischinhevsky, Paulo Jorge Paes-leme

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 25-49

Models for incompressible underground flows through naturally fractured formations subjected to high-level nuclear waste contamination are introduced and studied. They consider a chain of contaminants that decay into other species, allowing the monitoring of descendant radioactive species as well. A simulator that describes scenarios of long distance effects in case of leakage from a repository placed...

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Multiscale Structures to Describe Porous Media Part I: Theoretical Background and Invasion by Fluids

Ke Xu, Jean-françois Daian, Daniel Quenard

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 51-73

A porous medium with a broad pore-size distribution is described on the basis of the Multiscale Percolation System concept. The representative structure is the superposition of several constitutive elementary networks, of which mesh sizes are proportional to the diameter of the class of pores considered. To account for the contribution of each class to the connection of the medium, a recurrent building...

article

The Modeling of Velocity Enhancement in Polymer Flooding

G. A. Bartelds, J. Bruining, J. Molenaar

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 75-88

In single-phase polymer flooding experiments it has repeatedly been observed that the average velocity of the polymer molecules is higher than the average velocity of the water molecules. This effect is incorporated in many conventional Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) simulators by the introduction of a constant velocity enhancement factor. In this paper we show that, in absence of dispersion, a constant...

article

Generation of Granular Media

Laurent Tacher, Pierre Perrochet, Aurèle Parriaux

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 99-107

A discrete reduced distance method to generate 2-D and 3-D granular porous media is presented. The main property of the method is to produce heterogeneous and/or anisotropic packed beds of joined grains with arbitrary shapes and optimum fitting (i.e., minimum porosity). The iterative generation process starts with the coarsest grain and adjusts the size and location of the next ones depending on the...

article

Vorticity in Three-Dimensionally Random Porous Media

Vivek Kapoor

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 109-119

The flow gradient tensor controls the rate of dissipation of concentration fluctuations due to local dispersion, and therefore determines the rate of dilution of solute in a spatially random flow field. Off-diagonal terms of the flow gradient tensor quantify the rotational characteristics of the flow. A leading order description of the vorticity $$(\omega = (\omega _1 ,\omega _2 ,\omega _3 ))$$...

article

Stokes Flow in a Slowly Varying Two-Dimensional Periodic Pore

Peter K. Kitanidis, Bruce B. Dykaar

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 89-98

This article presents a series solution to the velocity in a two-dimensional long sinusoidal channel. The approach is based on a stream function formulation of the Stokes problem and a series expansion in terms of the width to the length ratio, which is considered small. Results show how immobile zones may appear and even flow separation and nonturbulent eddies, even in the absence of prima facie...

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Preferential Flow-Paths Detection for Heterogeneous Reservoirs Using a New Renormalization Technique

Yann Gautier, Benoit Nœtinger

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 1 > 1-23

We have devised a renormalization scheme which allows very fast determination of preferential flow-paths and of up-scaled permeabilities of 2D heterogeneous porous media. In the case of 2D log-normal and isotropically distributed permeability-fields, the resulting equivalent permeabilities are very close to the geometric mean, which is in good agreement with a rigorous result of Matheron. It is also...

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Free Convection from a Vertical Plate in a Porous Medium Subjected to a Porous Medium Subjected to a Sudden Change in Surface Heat Flux

S. D. Harris, D. B. Ingham, I. Pop

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 205-224

An analysis is made of the transient free convection from a vertical flat plate which is embedded in a fluid-saturated porous medium. It is assumed that for time $$\overline \tau < 0$$ a steady state temperature or velocity has been obtained in the boundary-layer which occurs due to a uniform flux dissipation rate $$q_1^{\prime \prime } $$ . Then at time $$\overline \tau = 0$$ ...

article

Gravity Affected Lateral Dispersion and Diffusion in a Stationary Horizontal Porous Medium Shear Flow

Michael Thiele

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 183-204

Transport of dissolved species by a carrier fluid in a porous medium comprises advection and diffusion/dispersion processes. Hydrodynamic dispersion is commonly characterized by an empirical relationship, in which the dispersion mechanism is described by contributions of molecular diffusion and mechanical dispersion expressed as a function of the molecular Peclét number. Mathematically these two phenomena...

article

A Directed Percolation Model for Clogging in a Porous Medium with Small Inhomogeneities

C. Kaiser

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 133-146

We propose a microscopic model based on directed percolation for the process of mechanical clogging of a porous medium by particles suspended in a fluid flow. Under appropriate conditions the deposited particles may form fractal clusters. A criterion for the occurrence of fractal clogging is presented. It links together the particle size and the pore size distribution. The effect of microscopic inhomogeneities...

article

An Approximate Solution for Fluid Infiltration near a Circular Opening in Unsaturated Media

Yarlong Wang, Cor Van Kruijsdijk

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 121-132

A regular perturbation technique is employed to approximate the solution for fluid infiltration from a circular opening into an unsaturated medium. Introducing two empirical constitutive relations $$k = k_s {\text{e}}^{\alpha p} $$ and $$\theta {\text{ = }}\theta _r + (\theta _s - \theta _r ){\text{e}}^{\beta p} $$ relating the permeability k and water content θ with pore fluid pressure...

article

On the Capillary Coupling between Two Phases in a Droplet Train Model

Alexander J. Badchin, JIAN-YANG Yuan

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 225-228

A droplet train model proposed by Foulser {\it et al.} ({\it Transport in Porous Media} $$6$$ (1991), 223) is modified with addition of capillary resistance. It is shown that linear transport equations for this model can be represented in the Onsager form, where the generalized thermodynamic forces are pressure gradients of corresponding phases. In particular, the onset of capillary interactions...

article

Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Condensation and Flow of Gas Condensate Fluids in Porous Media

Gökhan Coskuner

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 147-160

Condensation and flow experiments were conducted at subsurface conditions in a glass micromodel using reservoir fluids with and without the hydrogen sulfide component. It has been noted that the formation of the condensing phase as well as modes of condensate flow are similar for both fluids. Furthermore, an additional condensate transport mechanism, termed lamella flow, was observed with the sour...

article

The Role of Biofilm Growth in Bacteria-Facilitated Contaminant Transport in Porous Media

Seunghyun Kim, M. Yavuz Corapcioglu

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 2 > 161-181

Groundwater contaminants adhered to colloid surfaces may migrate to greater distances than predicted by using the conventional advective-dispersive transport equation. Introduction of exogenous bacteria in a bioremediation operation or mobilization of indigenous bacteria in groundwater aquifers can enhance the transport of contaminants in groundwater by reducing the retardation effects. Because of...

article

The Differential System Method for the Identification of Transmissivity and Storativity

Rogelio Vázquez González, Mauro Giudici, Giansilvio Ponzini, Guido Parravicini

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 3 > 339-371

The differential system (DS) method for the identification of transmissivity and storativity is applied to a confined isotropic aquifer in transient conditions. The data that are required for the identification are the piezometric heads and the source terms, together with the value of transmissivity at a single point only, which is the only parameter value needed a priori. In particular, no a priori...

article

Micromodel Observation of the Role of Oil Layers in Three-Phase Flow

Arturo A. Keller, Martin J. Blunt, Arturo Paul V. Roberts

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 3 > 277-297

We have studied the flow of a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL, or oil), water and air at the pore scale using a micromodel. The pore space pattern from a photomicrograph of a two-dimensional section through a Berea sandstone was etched onto a silicon wafer. The sizes of the pores in the micromodel are in the range 3–30,μm and are the same as observed in the rock from which the image was taken. We conducted...

article

Effective Relative Permeabilities and Capillary Pressure for One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Media

Magnar Dale, Steinar Ekrann, Johannes Mykkeltveit, George Virnovsky

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 3 > 229-260

The paper presents an analytical construction of effective two-phase parameters for one-dimensional heterogeneous porous media, and studies their properties. We base the computation of effective parameters on analytical solutions for steady-state saturation distributions. Special care has to be taken with respect to saturation and pressure discontinuities at the interface between different rocks....

article

Generalized Forchheimer Equation for Two-Phase Flow Based on Hybrid Mixture Theory

L. S. Bennethum, T. Giorgi

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 3 > 261-275

In this paper, we derive a Forchheimer-type equation for two-phase flow through an isotropic porous medium using hybrid mixture theory. Hybrid mixture theory consists of classical mixture theory applied to a multiphase system with volume averaged equations. It applies to media in which the characteristic length of each phase is ‘small’ relative to the extent of the mixture. The derivation of a Forchheimer...

article

Non-Rayleigh Convection Caused by Ground Surace Topography

Magnus Wangen

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 3 > 299-318

Non-Rayleigh convection is studied in aquifers, where the lateral variations of the temperature field are caused by the ground surface. Analytical solutions for the stream function, the Darcy velocities and the excess water pressure are found for a confined, rectangular and homogeneous aquifer situated at a given depth. The Darcy velocity field and the excess pressure are also found for an unconfined...

article

Multiscale Structures to Describe Porous Media Part II: Transport Properties and Application to Test Materials

Ke Xu, Jean-Francois Daian, Daniel Quenard

Transport in Porous Media > 1997 > 26 > 3 > 319-338

A renormalization method for the computation of the transport properties of a porous medium modelled as a multiscale random network is proposed. The method applies to electrical conduction, molecular diffusion, hydraulic transport under low Reynolds number, transport of condensable vapour, in the medium fully or partially saturated by one or two immiscible fluids. For 31 test materials, the method...

INFONA - science communication portal

Transport in Porous Media

Modelling and Numerical Simulations of Contaminant Transport in Naturally Fractured Porous Media

Multiscale Structures to Describe Porous Media Part I: Theoretical Background and Invasion by Fluids

The Modeling of Velocity Enhancement in Polymer Flooding

Generation of Granular Media

Vorticity in Three-Dimensionally Random Porous Media

Stokes Flow in a Slowly Varying Two-Dimensional Periodic Pore

Preferential Flow-Paths Detection for Heterogeneous Reservoirs Using a New Renormalization Technique

Free Convection from a Vertical Plate in a Porous Medium Subjected to a Porous Medium Subjected to a Sudden Change in Surface Heat Flux

Gravity Affected Lateral Dispersion and Diffusion in a Stationary Horizontal Porous Medium Shear Flow

A Directed Percolation Model for Clogging in a Porous Medium with Small Inhomogeneities

An Approximate Solution for Fluid Infiltration near a Circular Opening in Unsaturated Media

On the Capillary Coupling between Two Phases in a Droplet Train Model

Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Condensation and Flow of Gas Condensate Fluids in Porous Media

The Role of Biofilm Growth in Bacteria-Facilitated Contaminant Transport in Porous Media

The Differential System Method for the Identification of Transmissivity and Storativity

Micromodel Observation of the Role of Oil Layers in Three-Phase Flow

Effective Relative Permeabilities and Capillary Pressure for One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Media

Generalized Forchheimer Equation for Two-Phase Flow Based on Hybrid Mixture Theory

Non-Rayleigh Convection Caused by Ground Surace Topography

Multiscale Structures to Describe Porous Media Part II: Transport Properties and Application to Test Materials

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